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GRE ®revised(新GRE) Issue 官方范文整理

Materials:

1. Practice Book for the Paper-based GRE® revised General Test (PDF)

2. Practice Test Number 1 GRE Practice Test 1 Complete (Zip)

3. POWERPREP® II sample essay responses (PDF)

4. OG

Topic List:

1. As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to

think for themselves will surely deteriorate.

Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning

for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways

in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape

your position. (1.p99)

2. “The best way for a society to prepare its young people for leadership in government,

industry, or other fields is by instilling in them a sense of cooperation, not competition.”

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim.

In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons or

examples that could be used to challenge your position. (1.p108)

3. The best ideas arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things.

Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement above and explain your

reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should

consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how those

considerations shape your position. (2)

4. “A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until

they enter college.”

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the

recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and

supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation

would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position. (3)

5. The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the

recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and

supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation

would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position. (4)

Note: All responses are reproduced exactly as written, including errors, misspellings, etc., if any.

Issue test 1

As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think

for themselves will surely deteriorate.

Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your

reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should

consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these

considerations shape your position.

Essay Response — Score 6

The statement linking technology negatively with free thinking plays on recent human

experience over the past century. Surely there has been no time in history where the lived lives of

people have changed more dramatically. A quick reflection on a typical day reveals how technology

has revolutionized the world. Most people commute to work in an automobile that runs on an

internal combustion engine. During the workday, chances are high that the employee will interact

with a computer that processes information on silicon bridges that are .09 microns wide. Upon

leaving home, family members will be reached through wireless networks that utilize satellites

orbiting the earth. Each of these common occurrences could have been inconceivable at the turn of

the 19th century.

The statement attempts to bridge these dramatic changes to a reduction in the ability for humans

to think for themselves. The assumption is that an increased reliance on technology negates the need

for people to think creatively to solve previous quandaries. Looking back at the introduction, one

could argue that without a car, computer, or mobile phone, the hypothetical worker would need to

find alternate methods of transport, information processing and communication. Technology short

circuits this thinking by making the problems obsolete.

However, this reliance on technology does not necessarily preclude the creativity that marks the

human species. The prior examples reveal that technology allows for convenience. The car, computer

and phone all release additional time for people to live more efficiently. This efficiency does not

preclude the need for humans to think for themselves. In fact, technology frees humanity to not only

tackle new problems, but may itself create new issues that did not exist without technology. For

example, the proliferation of automobiles has introduced a need for fuel conservation on a global

scale. With increasing energy demands from emerging markets, global warming becomes a concern

inconceivable to the horse-and-buggy generation. Likewise dependence on oil has created

nation-states that are not dependent on taxation, allowing ruling parties to oppress minority groups

such as women. Solutions to these complex problems require the unfettered imaginations of

maverick scientists and politicians.

In contrast to the statement, we can even see how technology frees the human imagination.

Consider how the digital revolution and the advent of the internet has allowed for an unprecedented

exchange of ideas. WebMD, a popular internet portal for medical information, permits patients to

self research symptoms for a more informed doctor visit. This exercise opens pathways of thinking

that were previously closed off to the medical layman. With increased interdisciplinary interactions,

inspiration can arrive from the most surprising corners. Jeffrey Sachs, one of the architects of the UN

Millenium Development Goals, based his ideas on emergency care triage techniques. The unlikely

marriage of economics and medicine has healed tense, hyperinflation environments from South

America to Eastern Europe.

This last example provides the most hope in how technology actually provides hope to the

future of humanity. By increasing our reliance on technology, impossible goals can now be achieved.

Consider how the late 20th century witnessed the complete elimination of smallpox. This disease had

ravaged the human race since prehistorical days, and yet with the technology of vaccines, free

thinking humans dared to imagine a world free of smallpox. Using technology, battle plans were

drawn out, and smallpox was systematically targeted and eradicated.

Technology will always mark the human experience, from the discovery of fire to the

implementation of nanotechnology. Given the history of the human race, there will be no limit to the

number of problems, both new and old, for us to tackle. There is no need to retreat to a Luddite

attitude to new things, but rather embrace a hopeful posture to the possibilities that technology

provides for new avenues of human imagination.

R e a d e r C o m m e n t a r y f o r E s s a y R e s p o n s e — S c o r e 6

The author of this essay stakes out a clear and insightful position on the issue and follows the specific

instructions by presenting reasons to support that position. The essay cogently argues that technology

does not decrease our ability to think for ourselves, but merely provides "additional time for people to

live more efficiently." In fact, the problems that have developed alongside the growth of technology

(pollution, political unrest in oil-producing nations) actually call for more creative thinking, not less.

In further examples, the essay shows how technology allows for the linking of ideas that may never

have been connected in the past (like medicine and economic models), pushing people to think in new

ways. Examples are persuasive and fully developed; reasoning is logically sound and well supported.

Ideas in the essay are connected logically, with effective transitions used both between paragraphs

("However" or "In contrast to the statement") and within paragraphs. Sentence structure is varied and

complex and the essay clearly demonstrates facility with the "conventions of standard written English

(i.e., grammar, usage and mechanics)," with only minor errors appearing. Thus, this essay meets all the

requirements for receiving a top score, a 6.

Essay Response — Score 5

Surely many of us have expressed the following sentiment, or some variation on it, during our

daily commutes to work: "People are getting so stupid these days!" Surrounded as we are by striding

and strident automatons with cell phones glued to their ears, PDA's gripped in their palms, and

omniscient, omnipresent CNN gleaming in their eyeballs, it's tempting to believe that technology has

isolated and infantilized us, essentally transforming us into dependent, conformist morons best

equipped to sideswip one another in our SUV's.

Furthermore, hanging around with the younger, pre-commute generation, whom tech-savviness

seems to have rendered lethal, is even less reassuring. With "Teen People" style trends shooting

through the air from tiger-striped PDA to zebra-striped PDA, and with the latest starlet gossip

zipping from juicy Blackberry to teeny, turbo-charged cell phone, technology seems to support

young people's worst tendencies to follow the crowd. Indeed, they have seemingly evolved into

intergalactic conformity police. After all, today's tech-aided teens are, courtesy of authentic,

hands-on video games, literally trained to kill; courtesy of chat and instant text messaging, they have

their own language; they even have tiny cameras to efficiently photodocument your fashion blunders!

Is this adolescence, or paparazzi terrorist training camp?

With all this evidence, it's easy to believe that tech trends and the incorporation of technological

wizardry into our everyday lives have served mostly to enforce conformity, promote dependence,

heighten comsumerism and materialism, and generally create a culture that values self-absorption

and personal entitlement over cooperation and collaboration. However, I argue that we are merely in

the inchoate stages of learning to live with technology while still loving one another. After all, even

given the examples provided earlier in this essay, it seems clear that technology hasn't impaired our

thinking and problem-solving capacities. Certainly it has incapacitated our behavior and manners;

certainly our values have taken a severe blow. However, we are inarguably more efficient in our

badness these days. We're effective worker bees of ineffectiveness!

If T\technology has so increased our senses of self-efficacy that we can become veritable agents

of the awful, virtual CEO's of selfishness, certainly it can be beneficial. Harnessed correctly,

technology can improve our ability to think and act for ourselves. The first challenge is to figure out

how to provide technology users with some direly-needed direction.

R e a d e r C o m m e n t a r y f o r E s s a y R e s p o n s e — S c o r e 5

The language of this essay clearly illustrates both its strengths and weaknesses. The flowery and

sometimes uncannily keen descriptions are often used to powerful effect, but at other times this

descriptive language results in errors in syntax. See, for example, the problems of parallelism in the

second-to-last sentence of paragraph 2 ("After all, today's tech-aided teens ...").

There is consistent evidence of facility with syntax and complex vocabulary ("Surrounded as we are by

striding and strident automatons with cell phones glued to their ears, PDA's gripped in their palms, and

omniscient, omnipresent CNN gleaming in their eyeballs, it's tempting to believe..."). However, such

lucid prose is often countered by an over-reliance on abstractions and tangential reasoning. For

example, what does the fact that video games "literally train [teens] to kill" have to do with the use or

deterioration of thinking abilities?

Because this essay takes a complex approach to the issue (arguing, in effect, that technology neither

enhances nor reduces our ability to think for ourselves, but can do one or the other, depending on the

user) and because the author makes use of "appropriate vocabulary and sentence variety," a score of 5

is appropriate.

Essay Response — Score 4

In all actuality, I think it is more probable that our bodies will surely deteriorate long before our

minds do in any significant amount. Who can't say that technology has made us lazier, but that's the

key word, lazy, not stupid. The ever increasing amount of technology that we incorporate into our

daily lives makes people think and learn every day, possibly more than ever before. Our abilities to

think, learn, philosophize, etc. may even reach limits never dreamed of before by average people.

Using technology to solve problems will continue to help us realize our potential as a human race.

If you think about it, using technology to solve more complicating problems gives humans a

chance to expand their thinking and learning, opening up whole new worlds for many people. Many

of these people are glad for the chance to expand their horizons by learning more, going to new

places, and trying new things. If it wasn't for the invention of new technological devices, I wouldn't

be sitting at this computer trying to philosophize about technology. It would be extremely hard for

children in much poorer countries to learn and think for themselves with out the invention of the

internet. Think what an impact the printing press, a technologically superior mackine at the time, had

on the ability of the human race to learn and think.

Right now we are seeing a golden age of technology, using it all the time during our every day

lives. When we get up there's instant coffee and the microwave and all these great things that help us

get ready for our day. But we aren't allowing our minds to deteriorate by using them, we are only

making things easier for ourselves and saving time for other important things in our days. Going off

to school or work in our cars instead of a horse and buggy. Think of the brain power and genius that

was used to come up with that single invention that has changed the way we move across this globe.

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