没有合适的资源?快使用搜索试试~ 我知道了~
2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第3套)1
需积分: 0 0 下载量 24 浏览量
2022-08-08
21:50:23
上传
评论
收藏 76KB DOCX 举报
温馨提示
试读
21页
2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第3套)1
资源详情
资源评论
资源推荐
2013 年 6 月英语四级考试真题试卷(3)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your
essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of
learning basic skills. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
注意:此部分试题在答题卡 1 上
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the
questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given
in the passage.
Surviving the Recession
America's recession began quietly at the end of 2007. Since then it has evolved into a global
crisis. Reasonable people may disagree about whom to blame. Financiers who were not as clever
as they thought they were? Regulators falling asleep at work? Consumers who borrowed too
much? Politicians who thoughtlessly promoted home-ownership for those who could not afford
it? All are guilty; and what a mess they have created.
Since 2007 America has shed 5 million jobs. More than 15% of the workforce are jobless or
underemployed - roughly 25 million workers. The only industries swelling their payrolls are
health care, utilities and the federal government. The value of listed shares in American firms
collapsed by 57% from its peak in October 2007 to a low in March this year, though it has since
bounced back somewhat. Industrial production fell by 12. 8% in the year to March, the worst
slide since the Second World War. Mark Zandi, and economist at Moody's Economy, com,
predicts that the recession will shrink America's economy by 3.5% in total. For most executives,
this is the worst business environment they've ever seen.
Times are so tough that even bosses are taking pay cuts. Median ( 中 位 数 的 ) pay for chief
executives of S&P 500 companies fell 6.8% in 2008. The overthrown business giants of Wall
Street took the biggest knock, with average pay cuts of 38% and median bonuses of zero. But
there was some pain for everyone; median pay for chief executives of non-financial firms in the
S&P 500 fell by 2.7%.
Nearly every business has a sad tale to tell. For example, Arne Sorenson, the president of
Marriott hotels, likens the crisis to the downturn that hit his business after September 11th,
2001. When the twin towers fell, Americans stopped travelling. Marriott had its worst quarter
ever, with revenues per room falling by 25%. This year, without a terrorist attack, the hotel
industry is "putting the same numbers on the board", says Mr. Sorenson.
The hotel bust (不景气), like most busts, was preceded by a breathtaking boom. Although many
other big firms resisted the temptation to over-borrow, developers borrowed heavily and built
bigger and fancier hotels as if the whole world were planning a holiday in Las Vegas. When the
bubble burst, demand collapsed. Hotel owners found themselves with a huge number of empty
rooms even as a lot of unnecessary new hotels were ready to open.
Other industries have suffered even more. Large numbers of builders, property firms and
retailers have gone bankrupt. And a disaster has hit Detroit. Last year the American car industry
had the capacity to make 17 million vehicles. Sales in 2009 could be barely half of that. The Big
Three American carmakers - General Motors, Ford and Chrysler - accumulated ruinous costs over
the post-war years, such as gold-plated health plans and pensions for workers who retired as
young as 48. All three are desperately restructuring. Only Ford may survive in its current form.
Hard times breed hard feelings. Few Americans understand what caused the recession. Some are
seeking scapegoats ( 替 罪 羊 ). Politicians are happy to take advantage. Bosses have been
summoned to Washington to be scolded on live television. The president condemns their greed.
Extravagance (奢侈) is out
Businessfolk are bending over backwards to avoid seeming extravagant. Meetings at resorts are
suddenly unacceptable. Goldman Sachs, an investment bank, cancelled a conference in Las Vegas
at the last minute and rebooked it in San Francisco, which cost more but sounded less fun.
Anyway, the pain will eventually end. American business will regain its shine. Many firms will die,
but the survivors will emerge leaner and stronger than before. The financial sector's share of the
economy will shrink, and stay shrunk for years to come. The importance of non-financial firms
will accordingly rise, along with their ability to attract the best talent. America will remain the
best place on earth to do business, so long as Barack Obama and the Democrats in Congress
resist the temptation to interfere too much, and so long as organised labour does not overplay
its hand.
The crisis will prove hugely disruptive (破坏性的) , however. Bad management techniques will be
exposed. Necessity will force the swift adoption of more efficient ones. At the same time,
technological innovation (创新) will barely pause for breath- and two big political changes seem
likely.
Mr. Obama's plan to curb carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (排放), though necessary, will be far
from cost-free, whatever his sunny speeches on the subject might suggest. The shift to a
low-carbon economy will help some firms, hurt others and require every organisation that uses
much energy to rethink how it operates. It is harder to predict how Mr. Obama's proposed
reforms to the failing health-care system will turn out. If he succeeds in curbing costs - a big if - it
would be a huge gain for America. Some businesses will benefit but the vast bulk of the savings
will be captured by workers, not their employers.
In the next couple of years the businesses that thrive will be those that are tight with costs,
careful of debt, cautious with cash flow and extremely attentive to what customers want. They
will include plenty of names no one has yet heard of.
Times change, and corporations change with them. In 1955 Time's Man of the Year was Harlow
Curtice, the boss of GM. His firm was leading America towards " a new economic order" , the
magazine wrote. Thanks to men like Curtice, "the bonds of scarcity" had been broken and
America was rolling "to an all-time high of prosperity". Soon, Americans would need to spend
"comparatively little time earning a living".
Half a century later GM is a typical example of poor management. In March its chief executive
was fired by Time's current Man of the Year, Mr Obama. The government now backs up the
domestic car industry, lending it money and overseeing its turnaround plans. With luck, this will
be short-lived. But there is a danger that Washington will end up micromanaging not only Detroit
but also other parts of the economy. And clever as Mr Obama's advisers are, history suggests
they will be bad at this.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。
1. From the first paragraph, we learn that America's recession is the result of _____.
A) a messy real estate market
B) a combination of causes
C) unregulated competition
D) financiers' mismanagement
2. At the worst time, the total value of listed shares in American firms shrank by _____.
A) 57% B) 15% C) 12.8% D) 3.5%
3. According to Arne Sorenson, the president of Marriott hotels, the current recession ______.
A) was the worst he had ever seen since World War II
B) reduced his revenues to a quarter of normal years
C) hit his business as hard as the 9 11 terrorist attack
D) spoiled his plans to build more hotels in Las Vegas
4. The Big Three American carmakers need restructuring to survive because ______.
A) their production capacity has shrunk to less than half of the previous year
B) their technology has fallen behind their competitors' elsewhere in the world
C) they have borrowed too heavily and accumulated too large amounts of debt
D) they cannot cope with the ruinous costs accumulated over the post-war years
5. Goldman Sachs, an investment bank, cancelled a conference in Las Vegas in order to ______.
A) raise its efficiency
B) cut unnecessary costs
C) avoid seeming wasteful
D) have fun in San Francisco
6. The author of this report seems to be ______.
A) against too much government interference in the economy
剩余20页未读,继续阅读
南小鹏
- 粉丝: 32
- 资源: 289
上传资源 快速赚钱
- 我的内容管理 展开
- 我的资源 快来上传第一个资源
- 我的收益 登录查看自己的收益
- 我的积分 登录查看自己的积分
- 我的C币 登录后查看C币余额
- 我的收藏
- 我的下载
- 下载帮助
最新资源
- 论文(最终)_20240430235101.pdf
- 基于python编写的Keras深度学习框架开发,利用卷积神经网络CNN,快速识别图片并进行分类
- 最全空间计量实证方法(空间杜宾模型和检验以及结果解释文档).txt
- 5uonly.apk
- 蓝桥杯Python组的历年真题
- 2023-04-06-项目笔记 - 第一百十九阶段 - 4.4.2.117全局变量的作用域-117 -2024.04.30
- 2023-04-06-项目笔记 - 第一百十九阶段 - 4.4.2.117全局变量的作用域-117 -2024.04.30
- 前端开发技术实验报告:内含4四实验&实验报告
- Highlight Plus v20.0.1
- 林周瑜-论文.docx
资源上传下载、课程学习等过程中有任何疑问或建议,欢迎提出宝贵意见哦~我们会及时处理!
点击此处反馈
安全验证
文档复制为VIP权益,开通VIP直接复制
信息提交成功
评论0