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基于单片机的锅炉水位控制系统设计.doc
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基于单片机的锅炉水位控制系统设计.doc
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摘要
伴随国内经济的快速发展,锅炉水位控制也迎来了发展的春天。人们在传统控制技术
的基础上,不断的研究新的控制方法和控制技术,以实现水位控制的自动化。现在我们国
家很多的研究人员一直在对锅炉的水位控制系统进行研究,不过这些研究大部分都是在供
水还有注水泵的方面,对于锅炉的水位研究还是很少的。因此,对锅炉水位控制技术的研
究显得尤为有意义。
本文设计的主要内容是通过单片机对锅炉水位的控制系统进行设计。我们确定的是该
锅炉的结构的方案,我们需要对锅炉的零件进行设计分析,同时也得把电路设计好;通过
cad 二维绘图软件绘制出了系统装配图和电路控制图。
关 键 词 锅 炉 ; 水 位 控 制 ; 单 片 机
Abstract
With the rapid development of the domestic economy, boiler water level control also
ushered in the spring of development. People in the traditional control technology, continuous
research and new control methods and control technologies to achieve water level control
automation. Now many of our national researchers has been working on the boiler water level
control system were studied, but most of these studies are in the water as well as water injection
pump, the water level in the boiler, or very little. Therefore, the study of boiler water level
control technology is particularly meaningful.
The main contents of this design is through the microcontroller of boiler water level control
system design. This design is viewed abroad on the premise of boiler water level control data
carried out by research internships and collating data, completed the opening report, foreign
language translation and other preliminary information. The overall scheme of boiler water level
control system in the mechanical structure design, analysis and determined that one of the
important parts of the detailed design, verification and the like; boiler water level control system
in the control circuit design; by cad drawing two-dimensional graphics software a control system
assembly drawings and circuit diagram; finally prepared the present design of the instructions.
By design we can find, control technology The design of the boiler water level control
system design is reasonable, practical, simple mechanical structure, and the manufacturing cost
is not high, so use a lot in practice.
Through this design, the university is to deepen the understanding of knowledge in practice,
carried out a comprehensive review.
Keywords Boiler; water control; SCM; mechanical structure; design
III
目 录
摘要 ..................................................................................................................................................I
Abstract.........................................................................................................................................II
目 录 .................................................................................................................................III
1 绪论 .............................................................................................................................................5
1.1 本课题研究的背景 ..............................................................................................................5
1.2 国内外锅炉水位控制技术的研究现状 ..............................................................................5
1.2.1 国内锅炉水位控制技术的研究现状 ...........................................................................5
1.2.2 国外锅炉水位控制技术的研究现状 ...........................................................................6
1.3 单片机的简介 ......................................................................................................................6
1.3.1 单片机的定义 ...............................................................................................................6
1.3.2 单片机的发展历程 .......................................................................................................7
1.3.3 单片机的应用领域 .......................................................................................................7
1.4 单片机实现锅炉水位控制的优点 ......................................................................................7
1.5 本课题研究的目及意义 ......................................................................................................8
1.6 本课题解决的主要问题 ......................................................................................................8
2 总体方案的设计与确定 .............................................................................................................9
2.1 水位控制系统的主要功能 ..................................................................................................9
2.2 水位控制方案的确定 ........................................................................................................10
2.3 控制方案的框架结构 ........................................................................................................12
2.4 机械结构设计方案和控制参数的确定 ............................................................................12
2.5 锅炉型号及参数的确定 .....................................................................................................13
2.6 水泵选型的确定 ................................................................................................................13
3 机械结构的设计与计算 ...........................................................................................................13
4 硬件电路设计 ...........................................................................................................................16
4.1 单片机 STC89C52 介绍 ......................................................................................................16
4.1.1 STC89C52 单片机的外部引脚说明 ............................................................................16
4.1.2 STC89C52 单片机的中断系统 ....................................................................................16
4.2 芯片 74LS164 介绍 .............................................................................................................17
4.2.1 74LS164 的引脚图及引脚功能 ..................................................................................17
4.2.2 74LS164 的内部功能图 ..............................................................................................18
4.2.3 74LS164 的真值表 ......................................................................................................18
4.3 模数转换器 A/D0809 .........................................................................................................18
4.3.1 ADC0809 的逻辑结构 ..................................................................................................18
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