Application Report
SCAA062 – March 2003
1
DC-Coupling Between Differential LVPECL, LVDS, HSTL, and CM
Kal Mustafa / Chris Sterzik High Performance Analog
ABSTRACT
This report describes various methods of interfacing different logic levels. The focus is dc-
coupling between the following differential signaling: LVPECL (low-voltage positive-
referenced emitter coupled logic), LVDS (low-voltage differential signals), HSTL (high-
speed transceiver logic), and CML (current-mode logic). The report discusses sixteen
various interface cases between the aforementioned differential signaling levels.
Contents
1 AC-Coupling..................................................................................................................................2
1.1 LVPECL..................................................................................................................................3
1.2 LVDS ....................................................................................................................................7
1.3 CML ..................................................................................................................................11
1.4 HSTL ..................................................................................................................................13
2 References ..................................................................................................................................15
Figures
Figure 1. Input and Output Parameters..........................................................................................2
Figure 2. LVPECL to LVPECL..........................................................................................................3
Figure 3. LVPECL to LVPECL..........................................................................................................4
Figure 4. LVPECL to LVDS..............................................................................................................4
Figure 5. LVPECL to LVDS..............................................................................................................5
Figure 6. LVPECL to CML................................................................................................................5
Figure 7. LVPECL to CML Converter ..............................................................................................6
Figure 8. LVPECL to HSTL ..............................................................................................................6
Figure 9. LVDS to LVPECL..............................................................................................................7
Figure 10. LVDS to LVPECL..............................................................................................................8
Figure 11. LVDS to LVDS Without On-Chip Termination ................................................................8
Figure 12. LVDS to LVDS With On-Chip Termination......................................................................9
Figure 13. LVDS to CML Converter...................................................................................................9
Figure 14. LVDS to HSTL.................................................................................................................10
Figure 15. CML to LVPECL Translator............................................................................................11
Figure 16. CML to LVDS ..................................................................................................................11
Figure 17. CML to CML....................................................................................................................12
Figure 18. CML to HSTL...................................................................................................................13
Figure 19. HSTL to LVPECL Converter...........................................................................................13
Figure 20. HSTL to LVDS.................................................................................................................14
Figure 21. HSTL to CML Translator ................................................................................................14
Figure 22. HSTL to HSTL.................................................................................................................15
Tables
Table 1. Typical LVPECL, LVDS, HSTL, and CML Outputs..........................................................2
Table 2. Typical LVPECL, LVDS, CML, and HSTL Input Levels...................................................2
Table 3. Interface Table..................................................................................................................3
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