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# PHP CSS Parser [](https://github.com/sabberworm/PHP-CSS-Parser/actions/) A Parser for CSS Files written in PHP. Allows extraction of CSS files into a data structure, manipulation of said structure and output as (optimized) CSS. ## Usage ### Installation using Composer ```bash composer require sabberworm/php-css-parser ``` ### Extraction To use the CSS Parser, create a new instance. The constructor takes the following form: ```php new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css); ``` To read a file, for example, you’d do the following: ```php $parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser(file_get_contents('somefile.css')); $cssDocument = $parser->parse(); ``` The resulting CSS document structure can be manipulated prior to being output. ### Options #### Charset The charset option is used only if no `@charset` declaration is found in the CSS file. UTF-8 is the default, so you won’t have to create a settings object at all if you don’t intend to change that. ```php $settings = \Sabberworm\CSS\Settings::create() ->withDefaultCharset('windows-1252'); $parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css, $settings); ``` #### Strict parsing To have the parser choke on invalid rules, supply a thusly configured `\Sabberworm\CSS\Settings` object: ```php $parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser( file_get_contents('somefile.css'), \Sabberworm\CSS\Settings::create()->beStrict() ); ``` #### Disable multibyte functions To achieve faster parsing, you can choose to have PHP-CSS-Parser use regular string functions instead of `mb_*` functions. This should work fine in most cases, even for UTF-8 files, as all the multibyte characters are in string literals. Still it’s not recommended using this with input you have no control over as it’s not thoroughly covered by test cases. ```php $settings = \Sabberworm\CSS\Settings::create()->withMultibyteSupport(false); $parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css, $settings); ``` ### Manipulation The resulting data structure consists mainly of five basic types: `CSSList`, `RuleSet`, `Rule`, `Selector` and `Value`. There are two additional types used: `Import` and `Charset`, which you won’t use often. #### CSSList `CSSList` represents a generic CSS container, most likely containing declaration blocks (rule sets with a selector), but it may also contain at-rules, charset declarations, etc. `CSSList` has the following concrete subtypes: * `Document` – representing the root of a CSS file. * `MediaQuery` – represents a subsection of a `CSSList` that only applies to an output device matching the contained media query. To access the items stored in a `CSSList` – like the document you got back when calling `$parser->parse()` –, use `getContents()`, then iterate over that collection and use instanceof to check whether you’re dealing with another `CSSList`, a `RuleSet`, a `Import` or a `Charset`. To append a new item (selector, media query, etc.) to an existing `CSSList`, construct it using the constructor for this class and use the `append($oItem)` method. #### RuleSet `RuleSet` is a container for individual rules. The most common form of a rule set is one constrained by a selector. The following concrete subtypes exist: * `AtRuleSet` – for generic at-rules which do not match the ones specifically mentioned like `@import`, `@charset` or `@media`. A common example for this is `@font-face`. * `DeclarationBlock` – a `RuleSet` constrained by a `Selector`; contains an array of selector objects (comma-separated in the CSS) as well as the rules to be applied to the matching elements. Note: A `CSSList` can contain other `CSSList`s (and `Import`s as well as a `Charset`), while a `RuleSet` can only contain `Rule`s. If you want to manipulate a `RuleSet`, use the methods `addRule(Rule $rule)`, `getRules()` and `removeRule($rule)` (which accepts either a `Rule` instance or a rule name; optionally suffixed by a dash to remove all related rules). #### Rule `Rule`s just have a key (the rule) and a value. These values are all instances of a `Value`. #### Value `Value` is an abstract class that only defines the `render` method. The concrete subclasses for atomic value types are: * `Size` – consists of a numeric `size` value and a unit. * `Color` – colors can be input in the form #rrggbb, #rgb or schema(val1, val2, …) but are always stored as an array of ('s' => val1, 'c' => val2, 'h' => val3, …) and output in the second form. * `CSSString` – this is just a wrapper for quoted strings to distinguish them from keywords; always output with double quotes. * `URL` – URLs in CSS; always output in URL("") notation. There is another abstract subclass of `Value`, `ValueList`. A `ValueList` represents a lists of `Value`s, separated by some separation character (mostly `,`, whitespace, or `/`). There are two types of `ValueList`s: * `RuleValueList` – The default type, used to represent all multi-valued rules like `font: bold 12px/3 Helvetica, Verdana, sans-serif;` (where the value would be a whitespace-separated list of the primitive value `bold`, a slash-separated list and a comma-separated list). * `CSSFunction` – A special kind of value that also contains a function name and where the values are the function’s arguments. Also handles equals-sign-separated argument lists like `filter: alpha(opacity=90);`. #### Convenience methods There are a few convenience methods on Document to ease finding, manipulating and deleting rules: * `getAllDeclarationBlocks()` – does what it says; no matter how deeply nested your selectors are. Aliased as `getAllSelectors()`. * `getAllRuleSets()` – does what it says; no matter how deeply nested your rule sets are. * `getAllValues()` – finds all `Value` objects inside `Rule`s. ## To-Do * More convenience methods (like `selectorsWithElement($sId/Class/TagName)`, `attributesOfType($type)`, `removeAttributesOfType($type)`) * Real multibyte support. Currently, only multibyte charsets whose first 255 code points take up only one byte and are identical with ASCII are supported (yes, UTF-8 fits this description). * Named color support (using `Color` instead of an anonymous string literal) ## Use cases ### Use `Parser` to prepend an ID to all selectors ```php $myId = "#my_id"; $parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css); $cssDocument = $parser->parse(); foreach ($cssDocument->getAllDeclarationBlocks() as $block) { foreach ($block->getSelectors() as $selector) { // Loop over all selector parts (the comma-separated strings in a // selector) and prepend the ID. $selector->setSelector($myId.' '.$selector->getSelector()); } } ``` ### Shrink all absolute sizes to half ```php $parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css); $cssDocument = $parser->parse(); foreach ($cssDocument->getAllValues() as $value) { if ($value instanceof CSSSize && !$value->isRelative()) { $value->setSize($value->getSize() / 2); } } ``` ### Remove unwanted rules ```php $parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css); $cssDocument = $parser->parse(); foreach($cssDocument->getAllRuleSets() as $oRuleSet) { // Note that the added dash will make this remove all rules starting with // `font-` (like `font-size`, `font-weight`, etc.) as well as a potential // `font-rule`. $oRuleSet->removeRule('font-'); $oRuleSet->removeRule('cursor'); } ``` ### Output To output the entire CSS document into a variable, just use `->render()`: ```php $parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser(file_get_contents('somefile.css')); $cssDocument = $parser->parse(); print $cssDocument->render(); ``` If you want to format the output, pass an instance of type `\Sabberworm\CSS\OutputFormat`: ```php $format = \Sabberworm\CSS\OutputFormat::create() ->indentWithSpaces(4)->setSpaceBetweenRules("\n"); print $cssDocument->render($format); ``` Or use one of the predefined formats: ```php print