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基于物联网和OpenCV的小型猫犬智能宠物小屋的设计.docx
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基于物联网和OpenCV的小型猫犬智能宠物小屋的设计.docx
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基于物联网和 OpenCV 的小型猫犬智能宠物小屋的设计
摘要
在现代社会,随着科学与技术的飞速变化和进步,我们的日常生活也呈现出
了科技化、现代化的色彩。尽管社会在进步,但是在当下社会中,从古至今人们
之间最重要的交流却一点点的淡化。也是伴随着当下社会的巨大压力,很多人把
饲养宠物作为自己消遣和排解压力的形式和办法。这也导致宠物行业的产品如雨
后春笋般的增长了起来。其中,宠物智能小屋的发展存在单一性,比如只能喂食
等等。并且没有考虑到宠物的领地意识,造成宠物之间以及对幼儿可能形成的伤
害。所以研究一款具有多种功能的专属的智能宠物小屋是具有发展前景的。
本文主要介绍了一种基于物联网和 OpenCV 的小型猫犬智能宠物小屋的设
计与实现。目的是集合主流宠物小屋的功能,并考虑到宠物领地意识,打造一个
拥有多种功能且专属的智能宠物小屋。主要的功能有喂食、以及通过风扇和加热
毯对小屋环境进行调节。专属性通过 OpenCV 识别来判定是宠物猫或者宠物狗,
并作出开关门的动作。整个系统以 STM32f407vet6 和树莓派 4B 作为控制核心。
检测模块由 BME280 传感器和 ov5647 传感器构成,通过舵机和继电器来实现对
环境调节,喂食,开关门功能的实现。由 OpenCV+Python 进行图片识别,但是为
了提高准确度由百度 AI 接口进行二次识别。使用微信小程序作为移动 UI 端进行
数据的查看和硬件的控制。
关键词:微信小程序;STM32;树莓派;OpenCV;智能宠物小屋
II
ABSTRACT
In modern society, with the rapid change and progress of science and
technology, our daily life also presents the color of technology and modernization.
Although the society is progressing, but in the current society, the most important
communication between people from ancient times to now is a little diluted. It is
also accompanied by the tremendous pressure of contemporary society. Many
people regard raising pets as a way to relax themselves and relieve their stress. This
has also led to the rapid growth of products in the pet industry. Among them, the
development of pet smart house is unitary, such as feeding only. And it doesn't take
into account the territorial awareness of pets. Therefore, the research on an
exclusive intelligent pet house with multiple functions has a bright future.
This paper mainly introduces the design and implementation of a small cat and
dog intelligent pet house based on the Internet of things and OpenCV. The purpose
is to integrate the functions of the mainstream pet house, and take into account the
III
sense of pet territory, to build a multi-functional and exclusive intelligent pet house.
The main functions are feeding and adjusting the environment of the cabin through
fans and heating blankets. The specificity is identified by OpenCV to determine
whether it is a pet cat or dog, and the action of opening and closing the door is
made. Stm32f407vet6 and raspberry pie 4b are the control cores of the whole
system. The detection module is composed of bme280 sensor and ov5647 sensor. It
can adjust the environment, feed, open and close the door by steering gear and
relay. Opencv + Python is used for image recognition, but in order to improve the
accuracy, baidu AI interface is used for secondary recognition. Use wechat applet as
mobile UI to view data and control hardware.
Key Words:wechat applet;STM32;raspberry pie;OpenCV;Smart Pet Hut
摘要 ...................................................................................................................................................I
ABSTRACT .........................................................................................................................................II
第一章 绪论 ....................................................................................................................................1
1.1 选题的背景和意义............................................................................................................1
1.2 国内外研究现状分析........................................................................................................1
1.3 本文主要研究内容............................................................................................................2
第二章 智能宠物小屋总体架构和相关技术概述.........................................................................3
2.1 总体架构 ...........................................................................................................................3
2.2 控制器 ...............................................................................................................................4
2.2.1 STM32F407VET6 和树莓派 4B 微控制器概述........................................................5
2.2.2 STM32F407VET6 资源 .............................................................................................5
2.2.3 树莓派 4B 资源 ......................................................................................................6
IV
2.3 微信小程序 .......................................................................................................................6
2.3.1 微信小程序的结构.................................................................................................6
2.3.2 微信小程序结构.....................................................................................................6
2.4 OpenCV ...............................................................................................................................8
2.4.1 图像灰度化 .............................................................................................................8
2.4.2 图像压缩 .................................................................................................................9
2.5 本章小结 ...........................................................................................................................9
第三章 智能宠物小屋的硬件设计...............................................................................................10
1.1 硬件总体架构 .................................................................................................................10
1.2 采集数据传感器模块......................................................................................................10
1.2.1 ov5647 图像传感器...............................................................................................10
1.2.2 BME280 传感器 .....................................................................................................11
1.3 继电器模块 .....................................................................................................................12
1.4 本章小结 .........................................................................................................................12
第四章 智能宠物小屋软件设计...................................................................................................13
4.1 软件总体设计流程..........................................................................................................13
4.2 传感器软件的设计..........................................................................................................13
4.2.1 BME280 传感器软件设计 .....................................................................................14
4.2.2 ov5647 传感器软件设计.......................................................................................14
4.3 树莓派网络以及与 STM32 连接软件设计.....................................................................15
4.4 微信小程序端软件设计..................................................................................................16
4.5 服务器处理的软件设计..................................................................................................18
4.6 树莓派中 OpenCV 软件设计 ..........................................................................................19
4.6.1 级联分类器的训练...............................................................................................19
4.6.2 图片检测程序的实现...........................................................................................21
4.7 本章小结 ..........................................................................................................................22
第五章 智能宠物小屋的测试.......................................................................................................23
V
5.1 实验平台 .........................................................................................................................23
5.2 测试 .................................................................................................................................23
5.2.1 微信小程序和图像识别测试...............................................................................23
5.2.2 传感器数据的传输与发送测试...........................................................................25
5.3 本章小结 .........................................................................................................................26
第六章 总结与展望 ......................................................................................................................27
6.1 总结 .................................................................................................................................27
6.2 工作展望 .........................................................................................................................27
参考文献 ........................................................................................................................................29
致谢 ................................................................................................................................................31
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