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Designation: A 623M – 06
METRIC
Standard Specification for
Tin Mill Products, General Requirements [Metric]
1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 623M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
This specification is the metric counterpart of Specification A 623. It is not intended to replace
A 623. Users of the standard should note several very significant differences in how the product is
produced and marketed.
(1) The metric product does not carry the overrun associated with tin mill products produced to
customary units. Metric tin mill products are produced to ordered size.
(2) The metric product is designated in units of 100 m
2
called a SITA (System International Tinplate
Area), rather than in base boxes.
(3) The metric product is designated by thickness in millimetres rather than by basis weight.
(4) Coating weights are given in grams per square metre, not pounds per base box.
(5) Thickness tolerances are given in absolute figures instead of a 6 percentage.
(6) Each package of metric tin mill products contains 100 sheets, not the 112 of customary unit
packages.
All of the above significant differences, as well as others of lesser consequence, should be
considered when switching from Specification A 623 to A 623M.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers a group of common require-
ments which, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order
or in an individual specification, shall apply to tin mill
products.
1.2 The following safety hazards caveat pertains to
Annex
A1
through Annex A8 of this specification: This standard does
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
to use.
NOTE 1—This metric specification is equivalent to Specification A 623
and is compatible in technical content.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
A 987 Test Method for Measuring Shape Characteristics of
Tin Mill Products
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell
Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
E112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
Size
2.2 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
3
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.20 on Tin Mill Products.
Current edition approved March 1, 2006. Published April 2006. Originally
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A 623M – 03.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
1
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved);
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Copyright ASTM International
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MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Marking
and Storage
3
2.3 Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
3
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 black plate, n—light-gage, low-carbon, cold-reduced
steel intended for use in the untinned state or for the production
of other tin mill products. It is supplied only in a dry or oiled
condition.
3.1.2 box annealing, n—a process involving slow heating of
coils to a subcritical temperature, holding, and cooling there-
from, to recrystallize the grain, and thus, relieve stresses
produced during cold reduction. It is accomplished in a sealed
container. By introducing and maintaining an inert or slightly
reducing atmosphere during the cycle, a relatively bright
surface is obtained.
3.1.3 bright finish, n—a surface that has a lustrous appear-
ance.
3.1.4 burr, n—metal displaced beyond the plane of the
surface by slitting or shearing (see
9.1.6 and 9.2.6).
3.1.5 camber, n—the greatest deviation of a coil edge from
a straight line. The measurement is taken on the concave side
and is the perpendicular distance from a straight line to the
point of maximum deviation (see
9.1.8 and 9.2.7).
3.1.6 chemical treatment, electrolytic tin plate, n—a passi-
vating chemical treatment applied to the surface of electrolytic
tin plate to stabilize the plate surface characteristics compatible
with a specified end use (see
Annex A7).
3.1.7 chemically treated steel, n—light-gage, low-carbon,
cold-reduced steel that has a passivating or chemical treatment
applied to the surface to provide rust resistance or retard
underfilm corrosion, or both.
3.1.8 cold reduction, n—the process of reducing the thick-
ness of the strip cold, generally accomplished by one rolling
through a series of four-high mills arranged in tandem.
3.1.9 continuous annealing, n—a process consisting of
passing the cold-reduced strip continuously and in a single
thickness through a series of vertical passes within a furnace
consisting of heating, soaking, and cooling zones to recrystal-
lize the grain and thus relieve stresses produced during cold
reduction. An inert or slightly reducing atmosphere is main-
tained in the furnace to obtain a relatively bright strip.
3.1.10 differentially coated tin plate, n—electrolytic tin
plate with a different weight of tin coating on each surface.
3.1.11 double-reduced plate, n—plate given a second major
cold reduction following annealing.
3.1.12 electrolytic chromium-coated steel, n—light-gage,
low-carbon, cold-reduced steel on which chromium and chro-
mium oxides have been electrodeposited.
3.1.13 electrolytic tin plate, n—light-gage, low-carbon,
cold-reduced steel on which tin has been electrodeposited by
an acid or alkaline process.
3.1.13.1 J Plate, n—electrolytic tin plate, 5.6/2.8 g/m
2
or
heavier tin coating, with improved corrosion performance for
some galvanic detinning food products as specified in
3.1.13.2
and as measured by the Special Property Tests for Pickle Lag
(PL) (see
Annex A2), Iron Solution Values (ISV) (see Annex
A4
), Tin Crystal Size (TCS) (see Annex A3). The alloy layer is
normally light in color, characteristic of the acid tinning
process.
3.1.13.2 K Plate, n—electrolytic tin plate, 5.6/2.8 g/m
2
or
heavier tin coating, with improved corrosion performance for
some galvanic detinning food products as specified in the
following table and as measured by the Special Property Tests
for Pickle Lag (PL) (see
Annex A2), Iron Solution Value (ISV)
(see
Annex A4), Tin Crystal Size (TCS) (see Annex A3), Alloy
Tin Couple (ATC) (see Annex A5) and Aerated Media Polar-
ization Test (AMP) (see Annex A8).
Special Properties Aims
Pickle Lag 10 s max
Iron Solution Value 20 µg iron max
Tin Crystal Size ASTM No. 9 or larger
Alloy Tin Couple
A
0.12 µA/cm
2
max
A
Good mill practice has demonstrated the ability to average 0.05 µA/cm
2
or less
over an extended period of production.
3.1.13.3 Discussion—The production of J Plate and K Plate
require special processing and testing. In order to receive J
Plate or K Plate, this requirement must be specified on the
order.
3.1.14 length dimension, n—the longer dimension of a cut
size (see
9.2.5).
3.1.15 lot, n—each 20 000 sheets or part thereof or the
equivalent in coils, of an item in a specific shipment having the
same order specifications.
3.1.16 matte finish, n—a surface that has an unmelted tin
coating, generally on a shot-blast finish (SBF) base steel.
3.1.17 mechanical designation, n—an arbitrary number to
designate Rockwell hardness and ultimate tensile strength
characteristics for double-reduced plate (see
8.2).
3.1.18 oiling, n—a lubricant film applied to both surfaces of
the plate.
3.1.19 package, n—a quantity of 100 sheets.
3.1.20 passivating treatment, n—a surface chemical treat-
ment (see
3.1.6).
3.1.21 Rockwell hardness test, n—a test for determining
hardness (see
Annex A1).
3.1.22 rolling width, n—the dimension of the sheet perpen-
dicular to the rolling direction.
3.1.23 single-reduced plate, n—plate produced with one
major cold reduction.
3.1.24 SITA, n—100 square metres.
Formula for cut lengths:
SITA 5
width ~mm!
1000
3
length ~mm!
1000
3 number of packages (1)
Formula for coils:
SITA 5
width ~mm!
1000
3 length ~m!
100m
2
(2)
3.1.25 steel Type D, n—base-metal steel aluminum killed,
sometimes required to minimize severe fluting and stretcher-
strain hazards or for severe drawing applications (see
Table 1).
A623M–06
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3.1.26 steel Type L, n—base-metal steel, low in metalloids
and residual elements, sometimes used for improved internal
corrosion resistance for certain food-product containers (see
Table 1).
3.1.27 steel Type MR, n—base-metal steel, similar in met-
alloid content to Type L but less restrictive in residual
elements, commonly used for most tin mill products (see
Table
1).
3.1.28 surface appearance, n—visual characteristics deter-
mined primarily by the steel surface finish. For electrolytic tin
plate, the appearance is also influenced by the weight of
coating and by melting or not melting the tin coating.
3.1.29 surface finishes, n—steel surface finishes for tin mill
products imparted by the finishing-mill work rolls. These may
be either ground, blasted, or etched roll finishes.
3.1.30 temper designation, n—an arbitrary number to des-
ignate a Rockwell hardness range for single-reduced products
which indicates the forming properties of the plate (see Section
8 and Table 2 and Table 3).
3.1.31 temper mill, n—a mill for rolling base metal steel
after annealing to obtain proper temper, flatness, and surface
finish. It may consist of one stand or two stands arranged in
tandem.
3.1.32 tin coating weight, n—the weight of tin applied to the
steel surface, usually stated as grams per square metre distrib-
uted evenly over both surfaces. The coating is usually referred
to by designation numbers, referring separately to the nominal
tin weight on each surface, but omitting the units. Thus, 2.8/2.8
designates tin plate with a coating of 2.8 g/m
2
on each of the
two surfaces. For differential coatings the same system is
applied. Thus, 1.1/2.2 has a coating of 1.1 g/m
2
on one surface
and 2.2 g/m
2
on the other surface.
3.1.33 width dimension, n—the shorter dimension of a cut
size (see 9.2.5).
4. Base Metal
4.1 The steel shall be made by the open-hearth, electric
furnace, or basic-oxygen process.
5. Chemical Composition
5.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical composition
requirements as prescribed in
Table 1 except as otherwise
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
6. Cast or Heat Analysis
6.1 For Type D, MR, and L an analysis of each heat of steel
shall be made by the supplier to determine the percentage of
carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, and residual
elements shown in
Table 1. Other elements, unless agreed upon
between the manufacturer and the purchaser, individually shall
not exceed 0.02 %, maximum and while not necessarily
analyzed are dependent on the suppliers’ practices and con-
trols.
7. Product Analysis
7.1 Rimmed or capped steels are characterized by a lack of
uniformity in their chemical composition, and for this reason,
product analysis is not technologically appropriate unless
misapplication is clearly indicated.
8. Mechanical Requirements
8.1 Single-Reduced Tin Mill Products, Temper—The term
temper when applied to single-reduced tin mill products
summarizes a combination of interrelated mechanical proper-
ties. No single mechanical test can measure all the various
factors that contribute to the fabrication characteristics of the
material. The Rockwell 30T hardness value is a quick test
which serves as a guide to the properties of the plate. This test
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Tin Mill Products
Cast Composition, max %
Element Type D Type L Type MR
Carbon 0.12 0.13 0.13
Manganese 0.60 0.60 0.60
Phosphorous 0.020 0.015 0.020
Sulfur 0.03 0.03 0.03
Silicon
A,B
0.020 0.020 0.020
Copper 0.20 0.06 0.20
Nickel 0.15 0.04 0.15
Chromium 0.10 0.06 0.10
Molybdenum 0.05 0.05 0.05
Aluminum
C
0.20 0.10 0.20
Other elements, each 0.02 0.02 0.02
A
When steel produced by the silicon killed method is ordered, the silicon
maximum may be increased to 0.080 %.
B
When strand cast steel produced by the aluminum killed method is ordered or
furnished, the silicon maximum may be increased to 0.030 % when approved by
the purchaser.
C
Types L and MR may be supplied as non-killed or killed which would
respectively be produced without and with aluminum additions. Minimum alumi-
num level for Type D is usually 0.02 %.
TABLE 2 Temper Designations and Hardness Values Single
Reduces Tin Mill Products—Box Annealed
NOTE 1—Thinner plate (0.21 mm ordered thickness and thinner) is
normally tested using the Rockwell 15T scale and the results converted to
the Rockwell 30T scale (see
Annex A1 and Table A1.1).
Temper Designation Rockwell Hardness Values
All Thickness HR30T
A
Characteristics and
Typical End Uses
Nominal Range
T-1 (T49) 49 45-53 soft for drawing parts
such as nozzles,
spouts, and oil filter
shells
T-2 (T53) 53 49-57 moderately soft for
drawing shallow parts
such as rings, plugs,
and pie pans
T-3 (T57) 57 53-61 Fairly stiff for parts
such as can ends and
bodies, closures, and
crown caps
T-4 (T61) 61 57-65 Increased stiffness for
can ends and bodies,
crown caps, and large
closures
A
These ranges are based on the use of the diamond spot anvil and a 1.588 mm
hardened steel ball indenter.
Test Conditions:
1. For referee purposes, samples of black plate, unreflowed ETP, and ECCS shall
be aged prior to testing by holding at 200°C for 10 minutes.
2. The hardness test area on material produced with SBF or equivalent rolls shall
be sanded smooth on both surfaces.
3. To avoid incorrect results due to the cantilever effect, samples shall have an
area no longer than 2500 mm
2
and the point of testing shall be no more than 13
mm off the center of the samples.
A623M–06
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Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved);
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forms the basis for a system of temper designations as shown
in
Table 2 and Table 3. A given temper shall have hardness
values meeting the limits shown. The mechanical properties of
continuously annealed plate and batch annealed plate of the
same Rockwell 30T temper designation are not identical. It is
important to keep in mind, that the Rockwell 30T test does not
measure all the various factors which contribute to the fabri-
cation characteristics of the plate.
8.2 Double-Reduced Tin Mill Products, Mechanical
Characteristics—No test or group of tests have been developed
that adequately predict the fabricating performance of double-
reduced tin mill products. Designations for mechanical prop-
erties showing typical applications are arranged in generally
ascending level of strength as shown in
Table 4.
8.3 Rockwell testing shall be in accordance with the latest
revision of Test Methods and Definitions
A 370 (see Annex A1)
and Test Methods E 18.
9. Permissible Variation in Dimensions
9.1 Dimensional Characteristics, Coils:
9.1.1 Thickness, Method for Determination—When the pur-
chaser wishes to make tests to ascertain compliance with the
requirements of this specification for thickness of an item in a
specific shipment of tin mill products in coils having the same
order specification, the following procedure shall be used:
Random and representative measurements using a hand mi-
crometer must be made throughout the coil length. Measure-
ments may be made at any location across the coil width except
10 mm from the mill-trimmed edge. The hand micrometers are
assumed to be accurate to 60.003 mm. No measurements are
to be made within 1.0 m of a weld.
9.1.2 Thickness Tolerances shall conform to those pre-
scribed in
Table 5 (also see Table 6).
9.1.3 Feather Edge is a measure of the thickness deviation
across the strip width. It is measured at a location 6 mm from
the mill-trimmed edge and is generally less than the thickness
at positions 25 mm or more from the mill-trimmed edge.
Maximum feather edge deviation shall not be more than 15 %
under the specified thickness.
9.1.4 Crown is the difference in strip thickness from the
center of roll width and the location 10 mm in from the
mill-trimmed edge.
TABLE 3 Temper Designations and Hardness Values Single-Reduced Tin Mill Products—Continuously Annealed
NOTE 1—Thinner plate (0.21-mm ordered thickness and thinner) is normally tested using the Rockwell 15T and the results converted to the Rockwell
30T scale (see
Annex A1 and Table A1.1).
Temper
Designation
Rockwell Hardness Value
All Thicknesses HR30T
A
Characteristics and
Typical End Uses
Nominal Range
T-1 (T49) 49 45–53 soft for drawing parts
such as nozzles,
spouts, and oil filter
shells
T-2 (T53) 53 49–57 moderately soft for
drawing shallow parts
such as rings, plugs,
and pie pans
T-3 (T57) 57 53-61 moderate stiffness for
parts such as can
ends and bodies,
drawn and ironed can
bodies closures, and
crown caps
T-4 (T61) 61 57-65 increased stiffness for
can ends, drawn (and
ironed) can bodies,
and large closure
T-5 (T65) 65 61-69 moderately high stiff-
ness for can ends and
bodies
A
These ranges are based on the use of the diamond spot anvil and a 1.588 mm hardened steel ball indenter.
Test Conditions:
1. For referee purposes, samples of black plate, unreflowed ETP, and ECCS shall be aged prior to testing by holding at 200°C for 10 minutes.
2. The hardness test area on material produced with SBF or equivalent rolls shall be sanded smooth on both surfaces.
3. To avoid incorrect results due to the cantilever effect, samples shall have an area no longer than 2500 mm
2
and the point of testing shall be no more than 13 mm off
the center of the samples.
TABLE 4 Mechanical Designations Double-Reduced Tin Mill
Products
NOTE 1—Thinner plate (0.21-mm ordered thickness and thinner) is
normally tested using Rockwell 15T scale and the results converted to the
Rockwell 30T scale (see
Annex A1 and Table A1.1).
Nominal Nominal
Longitudinal (L) Rockwell
Designation Ultimate Tensile Hardness Examples of Usage
Strength, MPa HR30-T
A
DR-7.5 520 71 can bodies
DR-8 550 72 can bodies and
ends
DR-8.5 580 73 can bodies and
ends
DR-9 620 75 can bodies and
ends
DR-9.5 660 76 can ends
A
These values are based on the use of the diamond spot anvil and a 1.588 mm
steel ball indenter. Testing will be in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions
A 370. Rockwell values are too varied to permit establishment of ranges. For
details see AISI Contributions to the Metallurgy of Steel, “Survey of Mechanical
Properties of Double Reduced Tin Plate,” January 1966.
A623M–06
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9.1.5 Width—Coils are trimmed to ordered width. The slit
dimension shall not vary by more than −0, +3 mm.
9.1.6 Burr—A maximum of 0.05 mm is permissible.
9.1.7 Coil Length—Variation between the measured length
by the purchaser versus the supplier’s billed length shall not
exceed the limits prescribed in
Table 7.
9.1.7.1 Since it is a common practice for each consumer’s
shearing operation to keep a running measurement of their
supplier’s coil shipments, any length variation in small lots (1
to 5 coils) for a given period will automatically be included in
this summary. Before concluding there is a length variation in
these small lots the total length received from the supplier,
regardless of thickness, over periods of one month or one
quarter, or both should be checked.
9.1.8 Camber is limited to a maximum of 6 mm in6mor
fraction thereof of length, in accordance with the latest version
of measuring methods and definitions in Test Method
A 987.
9.1.9 Inside Coil Diameters—The standard inside diameter
produced is approximately 410 mm.
9.2 Dimensional Characteristics, Cut Sizes:
9.2.1 Thickness, Method for Determination—Random mea-
surements must be made at least 10 mm from the slit edge of
the sheet using a hand micrometer. The hand micrometers are
assumed to be accurate to 60.003 mm.
9.2.2 Thickness Tolerances—Tin mill products in cut sizes
are produced within thickness tolerances of +5 %, -8 % of the
ordered thickness, see (
Table 6). Any sheets not meeting this
requirement are subject to rejection.
9.2.3 Feather Edge is a measure of the thickness deviation
across the strip width. It is measured at a location 6 mm from
the mill-trimmed edge and is generally less than the thickness
at positions 25 mm or more from the mill-trimmed edge.
Maximum feather edge deviation shall not be more than 15 %
under the specified thickness.
9.2.4 Crown is the difference in strip thickness from the
center of roll width and the location 10 mm in from the
mill-trimmed edge.
9.2.5 Shearing Practice—Tin mill products are generally
ordered to even-numbered millimetres and sheared to ordered
size. The greater dimension is considered length. The slit
dimension shall not vary by more than −0, +3 mm and the
drumcut dimension shall not vary by more than −0, +6 mm.
9.2.6 Burr—A maximum of 0.05 mm is permissible.
9.2.7 Camber—The maximum permissible deviation is 1.3
mmforeach1moflength or fraction thereof, in accordance
with the latest version of measuring methods and definitions in
Test Method
A 987.
9.2.8 Out-of-Square is the deviation of an end edge from a
straight line which is placed at a right angle to the side of the
plate, touching one corner and extending to the opposite side.
The amount of deviation is customarily limited to 1.5 mm for
any edge measurement, except that a multiple-package lift may
contain a maximum of four sheets with a deviation up to 3 mm.
10. Special Requirements
10.1 Welds—Coils may contain lap or mesh welds, the
locations of which are marked. A hole may be punched
adjacent to the weld for automatic rejection of the weld during
shearing. The leading ends of lap welds shall not exceed 25
mm.
10.2 Cores—If coil centers must be supported to minimize
damage, this requirement should be so stated on the order as a
special requirement.
11. Sheet Count—Cut Sizes
11.1 Small variations in sheet count of a multiple-package
lift should average out to at least the proper exact count in
quantities of 450 packages or more.
12. Retest Procedure
12.1 In the event the material fails to meet the specified
requirements, two further series of samples are to be selected
TABLE 5 Thickness Tolerances
NOTE 1—When weld-free coils are specified, this does not afford the
supplier the opportunity to discard off-gage product, and for that reason
the above thickness tolerances are not applicable.
Lot Size, Mg (metric tons) Tolerance
0 to 5.5 95 % of the product of the coils shall be within
the tolerances slated in
Table 6.
Over 5.5 to 13.6 97.5 % of the product of the coils shall be within
the tolerances stated in
Table 6.
Over 13.6 to 68.0 99.0 % of the product of the coils shall be within
the tolerances stated in
Table 6.
Over 68.0 99.5 % of the product of the coils shall be within
the tolerances stated in
Table 6.
TABLE 6 Ordered Thickness and Thickness Tolerances
NOTE 1—Thickness tolerances are +5 % and -8 % from the ordered
thickness
Ordered
Thickness,
mm
Thickness
Tolerance,
Over, mm
Thickness
Tolerance,
Under, mm
0.140 0.007 0.011
0.150 0.008 0.012
0.160 0.008 0.013
0.170 0.008 0.014
0.180 0.009 0.014
0.190 0.010 0.015
0.200 0.010 0.016
0.210 0.010 0.017
0.220 0.011 0.018
0.230 0.012 0.018
0.240 0.012 0.019
0.250 0.012 0.020
0.260 0.013 0.021
0.270 0.014 0.022
0.280 0.014 0.022
0.290 0.014 0.023
0.300 0.015 0.024
0.310 0.016 0.025
0.320 0.016 0.026
0.330 0.016 0.026
0.340 0.017 0.027
0.350 0.018 0.028
0.360 0.018 0.029
0.370 0.018 0.030
0.380 0.019 0.030
TABLE 7 Coil Length Variation
No. of Coils Variation, 6,%
13
100 0.1
A623M–06
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