【知识点解析】
1. "attend to":在题目中的句子"I have to _____ my sick brother"中,"attend to"表示“照顾”的意思,适合上下文情境,指照顾生病的弟弟。
2. "absorbed":形容词"absorbed"在句子"She got so _____ in her work"中表示“全神贯注的”,形容她非常专注于工作,没注意到有人经过。
3. "is to blame":固定搭配"be to blame"用于指出谁应该为某事负责,题中问的是“谁该为浙江发生的动车事故负责”。
4. "announcing":"announce"在此处表示“宣布”,"sent a telegraph announcing his immediate return to China"意味着他发了一份电报宣布他即将立即返回中国。
5. "win":"win"在比赛中通常用于赢得比赛本身,"the red team will win the game"意为红队将赢得比赛。
6. "cure":"cure"在这里指治愈疾病,"This medicine will cure him of his cough"表示这种药会治好他的咳嗽。
7. "challenge":在句子"the cure for cancer is still a _____ to China as well as the whole world"中,“challenge”表示癌症治愈仍然是中国乃至全世界面临的挑战。
8. "exciting; excited":形容词用法,"exciting"修饰物,"excited"修饰人。"an exciting speech"指激动人心的演讲,"we all felt excited"表示我们都感到兴奋。
9. "keeping; left":"population keeps growing"表示人口持续增长,"standing room left"是剩下的站立空间,"left"在这里作后置定语。
10. "rejected":"reject"表示拒绝,"he rejected the doctor’s advice"表示他拒绝了医生的建议。
11. "consists of":"consist of"用于表示由...组成,不采用被动形式,因此正确表达是"The judging committee consists of three women and four men."
12. "divide; into":"divide ... into"表示把...分成,适合句意“Why not divide it into small parts among your partners?”,即为什么不把工作分成小部分分给伙伴们?
13. "broke out; broke away":"break out"常用于表示突然发生,如战争或争吵,"broke away"则表示脱离或离开,因此正确选项是"A quarrel broke out last Sunday, and he broke away from his family."
以上是针对题目中各个知识点的详细解释,涵盖了词汇、短语和固定搭配的使用。