编写 C++ 程序完成“矩阵”【100011933】

# 一、面向对象程序设计实践（C++）实验报告 ## 1.1 C++ 基础知识实验 ### 1.1.1 题目要求 编写 C++ 程序完成“矩阵”以下功能：假定矩阵大小为 4×5（整型） 矩阵空间采用 new 动态申请，保存在指针中 定义矩阵初始化函数，可以从 cin 中输入矩阵元素 定义矩阵输出函数，将矩阵格式化输出到 cout 定义矩阵相加的函数，实现两个矩阵相加的功能，结果保存在另一个矩阵中 定义矩阵相减的函数，实现两个矩阵相减的功能，结果保存在另一个矩阵中 动态申请三个矩阵：A1、A2、A3 初始化 A1、A2 计算并输出 A3 = A1 加 A2，A3 = A1 减 A2 释放矩阵空间 代码 ```c++ Matrix.hpp /* Author: Sheldon Zhang Description: A simple support for matrix */ # include <vector> # include <iostream> # include "cmath" # include "complex.h" using namespace std; # define ROW_MAX 1000 # define COL_MAX 1000 template <typename T> class matrix; template <typename T> istream & operator >> (istream &is, matrix<T> & obj); template <typename T> ostream & operator << (ostream &os, matrix<T> const & obj); /* Class Description: a class provides fundamental matrix storage and calculation supported by vector in STL */ template <typename T> class matrix { private: friend istream & operator >> <>(istream &is, matrix<T> & obj); friend ostream & operator << <>(ostream &os, matrix<T> const & obj); private: int row, col; vector<vector<T>> data; private: void zero(); public: matrix(); matrix(int inputRow, int inputCol); matrix(const matrix<T> &obj); matrix(const matrix<T> *obj); ~matrix(); matrix<T> operator + (const matrix<T> &rhs); matrix<T> operator - (const matrix<T> &rhs); matrix<T> operator * (const matrix<T> &rhs); matrix<T> & operator = (const matrix<T> &rhs); void operator *= (const matrix<T> &rhs); void operator += (const matrix<T> &rhs); void operator -= (const matrix<T> &rhs); void resize(int row, int col); }; /*----------------------------------------------------*/ //IMPLEMENT /*----------------------------------------------------*/ template <typename T> /* function name: istream & operator >> description: overload operator >> (stream input) arguments: istream &is: input stream object from which characters are extracted matrix<T> &obj: a referance of an object of class matrix return value: the istream object(is) */ istream & operator >> (istream &is, matrix<T> &obj) { for(int i = 0; i < obj.row; i++) for(int j = 0; j < obj.col; j++) is >> obj.data[i][j]; return is; } template <typename T> /* function name: ostream & operator << description: overload operator << arguments: ostream &os: output stream object where characters are inserted matrix<T> const &obj: a referance of an object of class matrix return value: the ostream object(os) output format: [ , ... , ] , ... , ] ] */ ostream & operator << (ostream &os, matrix<T> const &obj) { os << "[" << endl; for(int i = 0; i < obj.row; i++) { os << "[ "; for(int j = 0; j < obj.col; j++) os << obj.data[i][j] << " "; os << " ]" <<endl; } os << "]"; return os; } template <typename T> /* function name: matrix description: a constructor of class matrix set varible row and col to 0 resize data to a 0 by 0 matrix arguments: None return value: None */ matrix<T>::matrix() { row = 4; col = 5; data.resize(4, vector<T>(5)); } template <typename T> /* function name: matrix description: a constructor of class matrix check if the arguments are legal record the values of arguments allocate space for the matrix of the wanted dimention set all elements to 0 arguments: inputRow: the wanted row of the matrix inputCol: the wanted column of the matrix return value: None */ matrix<T>::matrix(int inputRow, int inputCol) { if(inputRow <= 0 || inputCol <= 0) std::cerr << "Invalid Parameter" << '\n'; if(inputRow > ROW_MAX || inputCol > COL_MAX) std::cerr << "matrix is too large" << '\n'; row = inputRow; col = inputCol; data.resize(row, vector<T>(col)); zero(); } template <typename T> /* function name: matrix description: a copy constructor of class matrix arguments: a referance of an object of class matrix return value: None */ matrix<T>::matrix(const matrix<T> &obj) { col = obj.col; row = obj.row; data.resize(row, vector<T>(col)); for(int i = 0; i < row; i++) for(int j = 0; j < col; j++) data[i][j] = obj.data[i][j]; } template <typename T> /* function name: matrix description: to create a copy of the matrix which the pointer points at arguments: a pointer of class matrix return value: None */ matrix<T>::matrix(const matrix<T> *obj) { col = obj->col; row = obj->row; data.resize(row, vector<T>(col)); for(int i = 0; i < row; i++) for(int j = 0; j < col; j++) data[i][j] = obj->data[i][j]; } template <typename T> /* function name: ~matrix description: a destructor of class matrix set varible row and col to 0 delete all elements in data arguments: None return value: None */ matrix<T>::~matrix() { row = 0; col = 0; data.clear(); } template <typename T> /* function name: zero description: set all elements in data to 0 arguments: None return value: None */ void matrix<T>::zero() { for(int i = 0; i < row; i++) for(int j = 0; j < col ; j++) data[i][j] = 0; } template <typename T> /* function name: matrix<T>::operator + description: overload operator + check if the dimension of two matrices matches add the elements in the same localtion (add this->data[i][j] and rhs.data[i][j]) arguments: matrix<T> &rhs: a referance of an object of class matrix return value: an object of class matrix */ matrix<T> matrix<T>::operator + (const matrix<T> &rhs) { if(row != rhs.row || col != rhs.col) std::cerr << "the dimension is not the same" << '\n'; matrix<T> matrixTemp(rhs.data.size(), rhs.data[0].size()); for(int i = 0; i < rhs.data.size(); i++) for(int j = 0; j < rhs.data[0].size(); j++) matrixTemp.data[i][j] = this->data[i][j] + rhs.data[i][j]; return matrixTemp; } template <typename T> /* function name: matrix<T>::operator - description: overload operator - check if the dimension of two matrices matches subtruct this->data[i][j] by rhs.data[i][j] arguments: matrix<T> &rhs: a referance of an object of class matrix return value: an object of class matrix */ matrix<T> matrix<T>::operator - (const matrix<T> &rhs) { if(row != rhs.row || col != rhs.col) std::cerr << "the dimension is not the same" << '\n'; matrix<T> matrixTemp(rhs); for(int i = 0; i < rhs.data.size(); i++) for(int j = 0; j < rhs.data[0].size(); j++) matrixTemp.data[i][j] = this->data[i][j] - rhs.data[i][j]; return matrixTemp; } template <typename T> /* function name: matrix<T>::operator * description: overload operator * check if the dimension of two matrices matches do the multiple operation arguments: matrix<T> &rhs: a referance of an object of class matrix return value: an object of class matrix */ matrix<T> matrix<T>::operator * (const matrix<T> &rhs) { if(this->data[0].size() != rhs.data.size()) std::cerr << "matrix A can not be multiplied by matrix B" << '\n'; matrix<T> matrixTemp(this->row, rhs.col); for(int i = 0; i < this->row; i++) for(int j = 0; j < this->col; j++) for(int k = 0; k < rhs.col; k++) matrixTemp.data[i][k] += this->data[i][j] * rhs.data[j][k]; return matrixTemp; } template <typename T> /* function n