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人工智能-数据挖掘-数据挖掘在学生成绩分析中的应用研究.pdf
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人工智能-数据挖掘-数据挖掘在学生成绩分析中的应用研究.pdf
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II
STUDY ON THE APPLICATION OF DATA MINING IN
ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENTS ANALYSIS
Abstract
With the expansion of the scale of university, the number of students in colleges and
universities also showed a growing trend, and various colleges and universities have also
established their own teaching management system, such as school register management system,
the academic performance management system and so on. Though equipped with specialized
databases, these systems have been serving simply for data backup, enquiry and counting. Their
failure to hunt for the related and potential information contained in the data and conduct
comprehensive analysis correspondingly is a waste of the educational information resources. Data
mining technology is a viable and effective method to solve this problem. Using data warehouse
and data mining technology to analyze academic achievements and explore its internal and
potential information is of great practical significance to the construction of the curriculum,
specialty construction and improvement of teaching quality.
In this paper, the data mining technology is applied to analyze academic achievements in our
college, then the result can be used as a guide to make decision. The main contents of this paper
are divided into the following aspects:
First, it studies the achievements and learning information of each course and obtains the
relevant initial data.
Second, it cleanses, integrates, transforms and loads the original data sources extracted from
the academic achievements data management system, then designs and establishes data warehouse
by using MS SQL Server 2008 R2 EE.
Third, this paper uses the association rules mining, clustering and classification methods to
analyze the teaching data, digs out the interesting rules, and finds out the inter-impacts among
courses and the relationship between academic performance and learning behaviors/activities.
Finally, it analyzes and compares different data mining methods, assesses their outcomes
respectively so as to provide scientific reference for teaching managers to make decision.
This paper expounds the concepts of data mining, as well as the theoretical foundation and
万方数据
III
analysis process about association rule mining, clustering rule mining and classification rule
mining methods. It focuses on applying data mining technology to analyze academic achievements,
taking advantage of the above three mining methods to analyze academic achievements sample of
a group of students, and then drawing the corresponding conclusions. Firstly, through the analysis
of the relevance between different course grades, some feasible suggestions can be provided for
the arrangement of curriculum order. Secondly, the lack of traditional classification method for
grades can be made up through the clustering analysis of course grades. Thirdly, by analyzing
the factors that affect the academic achievements, there will be an useful reference for improving
the course achievements as well as improving the teaching quality.
Key words: Data warehousing, Data mining technology, Association rules, Score
management, Cluster analysis
万方数据
目 录
摘 要 ...................................................................................................... I
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................... II
第一章 绪论 ......................................................................................... 1
1.1 引言 ............................................................................................................ 1
1.2 研究的背景和意义 ..................................................................................... 1
1.3 国内外研究现状 ......................................................................................... 2
1.4 本文的主要工作 ......................................................................................... 3
1.5 本文的结构 ................................................................................................ 4
第二章 相关概念与相关技术 .............................................................. 6
2.1 数据仓库的基本概念 ................................................................................. 6
2.2 数据仓库的体系结构 ................................................................................. 7
2.3 数据仓库结构类型 ..................................................................................... 9
2.4 联机分析处理技术 ....................................................................................11
2.5 数据挖掘技术 ............................................................................................12
2.6 数据挖掘的流程 ........................................................................................13
2.7 本章小结 ...................................................................................................15
第三章 成绩信息数据仓库的设计 .................................................... 16
3.1 确定决策主题 ............................................................................................16
3.2 数据准备 ...................................................................................................17
3.3 数据仓库模型设计 ....................................................................................17
3.3.1 概念模型 ........................................................................................ 17
3.3.2 逻辑模型 ........................................................................................ 18
3.3.3 物理模型 ........................................................................................ 19
3.4 数据的抽取、清洗、转换、加载 ............................................................ 21
3.4.1 ETL 问题与解决 ............................................................................... 21
万方数据
3.4.2 ETL 实现途径 ................................................................................... 23
3.4.3 具体实现 ........................................................................................ 24
3.5 联机分析处理 ............................................................................................26
3.5.1 多维数据集的建立 ......................................................................... 26
3.5.2 课程及格率 .................................................................................... 29
3.5.3 课程优良率 .................................................................................... 30
3.5.4 课程基础 ........................................................................................ 30
3.6 本章小结 ...................................................................................................31
第四章 数据挖掘技术在学生成绩分析中的应用 ............................. 33
4.1 关联规则挖掘 ............................................................................................33
4.1.1 关联规则的基本概念 ..................................................................... 33
4.1.2 Apriori 算法实现.............................................................................. 34
4.1.3 算法举例 ........................................................................................ 35
4.1.4 代码实现及运行结果 ..................................................................... 39
4.2 聚类规则挖掘 ............................................................................................42
4.2.1 聚类规则概念 ................................................................................ 42
4.2.2 K-means 算法 .................................................................................. 44
4.2.3 算法举例 ........................................................................................ 45
4.2.4 代码实现及运行结果 ..................................................................... 47
4.3 分类规则挖掘 ............................................................................................48
4.3.1 分类算法基本描述 ......................................................................... 48
4.3.2 决策树算法 .................................................................................... 49
4.3.3 算法举例 ........................................................................................ 51
4.3.4 分类规则解释及分析 ..................................................................... 56
4.4 本章小结 ...................................................................................................56
第五章 结论 ....................................................................................... 57
万方数据
5.1 研究结论 ...................................................................................................57
5.2 下一步工作 ................................................................................................57
参考文献 ............................................................................................... 59
致 谢 ............................................................................................... 62
万方数据
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