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MUTIUC

[

MIL-STD-1472E

3I October 1996

SUPERSEDING

MIL-STD-1472D

10 February 1994

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

DESIGN CRITERIA STANDARD

HUMAN ENGINEERING

AMSC TU/A

AREA

HF’AC

~[STRJIN.TION STATEMENT A:

Approvccl for public rclcasc: distribution is unlimited

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MII..-ST1472E2E

FOWWORD”

1. Tlis standard has been approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the

Department of Defense.

2. This standard establishes general human engineering criteria for design and development of

Military systems, equipment and facilities. 1ts purpose is to present human engineering design criteria,

principles and practices to be applied in the design of

systems, equipment and facilities so as to:

a. Achieve required performance by operator, control and maintenance personnel

h. Minimim skill and personnel requirements and training time.

c. Achieve required reliability of personnel-equipment combinations

d. Foster design standardization within and among systems.

4. ‘Ibis standard does not alter requirements for system development participation of human

engineering specialists to interpret and implement these practices and to provide solutions to human

engineering problems which arise and which are not specifically covered herein.

5. The use of the words “shall,” “should,” “

may,” and “will” in this standard is in accordance

with MIL-STD-962, wherein “shall” expresses a provision that is binding, “should” and “may”

express non mandatory provisions, and “will” expresses a declaration of purpose or simple futurity.

6. Requirements herein are expressed in the lntemationrd System of units (S1). As a

convenience, the metric units are accompanied by their approximate customary system equivalents (in

parentheses). Angular measure is expressed in degrees unless it is necessary to speci& fractions of a

degree where milliradians are used.

7. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which

may be of use in improving this document should k addressed to Commander, U.S. Army Missile

Command, ATTN: AMSMI-RD-SE-TD-ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898-5270 by using the self-

addressed Standardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of

this document or by letter.

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MlL-STD- 1472E

CONTENTS

PARAGUPH

PAGE

:,1

1.2

1.3

:::

2.1

2.2

2.3

2,4

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

:;:

4,9

4.10

4.11

:.1

5.1.1

5.1.2

5.1.3

5.1.4

5.2.2

FOREWORD

SCOPE

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ....------.--— . ..-. -.— ---

—- —..——.- . .

5.2.2.1

5.2.2.2

5.2.2.3

5.2.2.4

5.2.3

5.2.3.1

5,7 32

5.2.3.3

~,~ 4

52,5

Scope

-------------------------------------

Purpose

-------- --.----. -------- .-. —------— -..------ ——------

Application ---------------------------——

—----—--————--—-

Foree Limits ------—-—-—---—

—-—--— ---—--—---..------.-.—-

Manufaeturing tolerances---—-———

-.---- —--- ——--——-—-

APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

General

----------------------------- ---------------------- -------- ..- —-.

——

Government documents ------——---—--——-————————

Non-govmunent publications ———————

--- ———

—-—. -.

Orck!$of predence

-- --——

-—-— ---——-—-. —

DEFINITIONS

GENERAL RECXJIREMENTS

Objectives ------------—-----—

-------- -.—

——————

Standardization -—--—

----—-

Function allocation ——

--. ---- —-- —.------------ .----—

Human engineering design---——-————

Fail safk design

———--——-

~ Simplicity of design——---

—-- ——-.-— —.-. ——

hteracbon —

-.— --

safety -------——--—-——”

——

Ruggedness --—

————-----.-------.-----.—.

DcSignfix NBcs “

——

Deai$n fw ekxromagnetic pulse @MP) hardening-———————

DETAILED

cmREMnm

yb%:k integrabn

-.. --— ---------

-——

—-—.-.——.

Position relationships ----—-——————

Movement relationships-——————

----—---.----.—------————

Gmw&pkymovamwtlwio

— . .. ...... .—---

Wswldi+ys ------

——. —-. —-—----— --------------------

Cknm””

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Transilluminated displays -

.———.—..

General ----———-— —--—

-—.. --. -.---— -----------------

Legend lights --------------------------------------------------------------------

s~c ~~~~ l@~ -----.----:-------.-.--.-----..-:-------------------------------

Transilhminated panel assembhes ---------------------------------------------------

Scale indicators -:-----------------------------------------------------------------------

(klncitd

—-- —----........

.........“--- ..

. .

Moviry-mhcr. fixed-sale displays -----------------------------------------------

Fixed-pointer, nw@-We displays

-.--.-.-.----,----------.-----.-..”-------------

( ‘nttmcte

rav tuk clisptzqs---.-.-----.--.---———

-------------------- ---------------

arj.y wmvl dispkl?’s--------- ---------------------------------- ------------, ------- --

. .

1“1

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PARAGRAPH

MIL-STD-1472E

PAGE

5.2.6

5.2.6.1

5.2.6.2

5.2.6.3

5.2.6.4

5.2.6.5

5.2.6.6

5.2.6.7

5.2.6.8

5.2.6,9

5.3

5.3.1

5.3.2

5.3.3

5.3.4

5.3.5

5.3.6

5.3.7

5,3.8

5.3.9

5.3.10

5.3.11

5.3.12

H.1

5.4.2

5.4.2.1

5.4.2.2

5.4.3

5.4.3.1

5.4.3.2

5.4.4

5.4.5

5.4.6

5.5

5.5,1

5.5,2

5.5.3

5.5.4

5,5.5

536

5.()

$6]

.5,6.2

.5.0.3

5.6.4

Other displays

.........----... ----- ..-—---—.—

——————— ----- 27

General

----------------- ----.. -------.-.--- .--. ------ —----- —-. ----. --.-—

Com@rs ----------------------------------------------------------------

;;

Printers

---------------------------------------------------------------------

Plotters and mcordem-------------------------------------------------------- 28

Flags --------------------------------------------------------------------- 29

Large-screen optical projection display s---------

~.-—-.---—

----------- 29

Light-emining dities@EDs)--------------------------------------------- ~]

Dot matrhdsegmented disp!ays

-------------------- ------------.-. --. —-.---------

Electroluminescent displays------–--------–-----—----—

-------------------- 32

Audio displays ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33

General ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33

Audio warnings ------------------------------------------------------------------- 33

Characteristics of audio warning signals ----—

——-----— ----------- 35

Signal characteristics in relation to operational conditions and objectives ----- 35

Verbal warning sigmls -------------------------------------------------------- 37

Controls for audio warning devices------------------------------------------------- 38

Speech transmission equipment ------------------------------------------------------ 38

Speech reception equipment ------------–-—---— ---------------------------- 39

Operator comfort and convenience ---—-------—------------------------------- 40

Operating controls for voice communication equipment-—-------------------- 40

Speaker/side tone----------------------------------------------------------------- 40

Speech intelligibility ----------—---—–————

-—---------- 40

Con&oIS------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42

General Criteria -------------------------------------------------------------- 42

Rotary controls ------------------------------------------------------------- ~~

Discrete adjustment rotary controls

Continuous adjustment rotary controls -----——-—-----—

-—---------- 52

Linear controls-—-----------——--—---—————————

---------------------- 57

Discrete linear controls --—-----—

--—-.--- ——.——-— -----

Continuous adjustment linear wntrols---

—-—---— ------ 71

High-force controls -------------------------------------------------------- 79

Miniature controls

---------------------- ---------

——---—— ------------ 81

Touch screen controls for displays----------------------------------------- 82

Labeling ----—

——— --- ———--———

--------------------- 83

General ----------------------------------------------------------- 83

Orientation and location-------------------------------------------------------------- 83

Contents ---------————---—

-----— -------- 83

Qualkies

-------------------- --------- .— ----- -.—

---— ------------------------- 83

Design of label characters-------------------------------------------------------------- 84

Equipment

lakling -------------------------------------------------------------- 85

Anthropometry ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 87

~’enma 1

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Anthropome!ric data------------------------------------------------------------------- 87

L)%(i dtlttl---------—–---——

-–-–—--—--—––— -------- 87

Special populations -------------------------------------------------------------- ---- 87

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PARAGRAPH

MIL-STD-1472E

PAGE

5.7

5.7.1

5.7.2

5.7.3

5.7.4

5.7.5

5.7.6

5.7.7

5.7.8

5,7.9

5.8

5.8.1

5.8.2

5.8.3

5.8.4

5.9

5.9.1

5.9.2

5.9.3

5.9.4

5.9.5

5.9.6

5.9.7

5.9.8

5.9.9

5.9.10

5.9.11

5.9.12

5.9.13

5.9.14

5.9.15

5.9.16

5.9.17

5.9.18

5.10

5.10.1

5.10,2

5.10.3

5.10.4

5.10.5

5.11

5.11.1

2.11.1

<Ill

2.1

Workspace design

.-------------------------------------------------------

General -------------------------------------------------------------------- 88

Standing operations --------------------------------------------------------- 88

Seated opmtiom-------------------------:--------------------------------- 88

Common working positions --------------------------------------------------------- 90

Standard console design --------------------------------------------------------------- 95

Special-purpose console design ------------------------------------------------------ 95

Stairs, stair-ladders, fixed ladders, and ramps-------------------------------------- 96

Ingress and egress

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 102

Surface colors

------------------------------- ..--. ----- .-.. ------------—-----—--

104

Environment ------------------------------------------------------------------- 105

Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning

-------------------------------------------

105

Ilhuninance

—-----.. ---.. -... ---. ---... ——— —

——-----------------1 08

Acoustical noise ----

—--—-. ---——--—-—.—--—

--—--108

Vibration——

—.-—--.-—...--..—.-————

---—--------1 12

Design for maintainer -------------------------------------------------------------- 116

General

---------------------------------------------------------------l 16

Mounting of items within units

----------------------------------------------------l 16

Adjustment mntiols --------------------------------------------------------------- 116

Accessibility

------------------------------------------------------------

117

Lubrication ----------------------------------------------------------------- 118

Case and cover mounting—----——————————

—---—------1 18

k ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 118

covers

———--------------------------- .-----.----------—

----------------------1 18

A~ss openings and covers --------—---——---—---— --------------------- 118

Fasteners

----------------------------------------------------------------------------l 21

Unit design for efficient handling ---

--——--— 122

Mounting ——---——-----—-

—-——--—-125

conductors

----------------------------------------------------

126

connectors

----------------------------------------------------------------

133

Test points

-------------------------------------------------------------

134

Test equipment

-------------------------------------------------------------l 34

Failure indications and fuse requirements

------------------------------------------- 134

Printed circuit boards

--------------------------------------------------------------- 135

Design ofe4@pment for remote handling

--.—---—------------------------------

136

Chmwemtm

of equipment to be handed remotely

—136

Feedback —

--------------------------------------------------------------------

136

Manipulators

-------------------------------------------------------------------

136

Viewing equipment

----. ------------- .-.. ---. -... -—--—

------------------------- 136

1Ilurnination -------------------------------------------------------------------- i 37

Small systems and equipment

-------------------------------------------------------- 138

l>mtabili~’and load earning ---------------------------------------------------------- 138

Iracking -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- tW

()pi~a~ins~!ments and mlfifd cq@nfmt ------------------------------------------ 140

opcraliontll”nnd nl;iint{mnn(-l’:rot]l](i’sllipbo;ir(l”i’ehicles--------- .- ..-- .--------14<

(herd

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 145

Scating----------------------------------------------------------------------------------i45

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