分集技术
Diversity Techniques
【摘要】无线移动通信因其信道的特殊性，使得多径现象及各种衰落极大地
影响通信质量，衰落效应是影响无线通信质量的主要因素之一。为了提高系统
的抗多径性能，最有效的方法是对信号采用分集技术。分集技术因为他的良好
的抗衰落性能而被视为一种有效的方法应用在移动通信系统中。分集基本思想
是在相关性很小的若干个支路上载有同一消息的信号，然后通过合并技术再将
各个支路信号合并输出，那么便可在接收终端上大大降低深衰落的概率。分集
技术通常利用无线传播环境中同一信号的独立样本之间不相关的特点，使用一
定的信号合并技术改善接收信号，来抵抗衰落引起的不良影响。在第三代和第
四代移动通信系统中，分集技术都已得到了广泛应用。
Abstract: Multipath phenomenon and attenuation make great effects on
the quality of wireless mobile communication because of its special
channel. The attenuation effect is one of the main reasons that
affect the quality of wireless communication. In order to improve the
anti-multipath performance of the system, the most effective method
is the use of diversity techniques to signals. Because of its good
resistance to attenuation, diversity has been regarded as an
effective method in a mobile communication system. Diversity
techniques mean carrying the same messages on different branches
which have little correlation between each other, and then it will
output the signal from those branches by the combining techniques, so
it can reduce the probability of deep attenuation greatly in
receiving terminal. Diversity techniques usually make use of the
uncorrelated characteristics of same signal’s independent samples in
wireless propagating environment, and improve the received signals by
signal combining techniques to resist attenuation effects. In the
third and forth generation mobile communication system, diversity
techniques have been widely used.
【关键词】空间分集；合并技术；MIMO 技术
Keywords: Space Diversity; Combining Techniques; MIMO Techniques
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