【Python小游戏】用Python编写小游戏FlappyBird

''''''''' @file: Flappy_Bird_Env.py @author: MRL Liu @time: 2021/5/2 15:49 @env: Python,Numpy @desc: 游戏环境 @ref: @blog: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41959920 ''''''''' import sys from itertools import cycle import pygame import flappy_bird_utils as tool import numpy as np import random from pygame.locals import * FPS = 30 # 刷新频率 SCREENWIDTH = 288 # 屏幕宽度 SCREENHEIGHT = 512 # 屏幕高度 class Bird(object): def __init__(self,_Player_Sprite,_screen): self.screen = _screen # 玩家图片相关设置 self.Player_Sprite = _Player_Sprite # 加载图片资源 self.PlayerInfo = {} # 创建一个玩家信息字典 self.PlayerInfo['w'] = self.Player_Sprite[0].get_width() # 获取玩家图片的宽度 self.PlayerInfo['h'] = self.Player_Sprite[0].get_height() # 获取玩家图片的高度 self.PLAYER_INDEX_GEN = cycle([0, 1, 2, 1]) # 图片序列的循环 self.playerMaxVelY = 10 # 玩家在y轴上的最大速度 self.playerMinVelY = -8 # 玩家在y轴上的最小速度 self.playerAccY = 1 # 玩家在y轴上的下降的加速度 self.playerFlapAcc = -7 # 玩家在y轴上的上升的加速度，向下为正方向 # 重置游戏设置w self.reset() def reset(self): self.loopIter = 0 self.PlayerInfo['x'] = int(SCREENWIDTH * 0.2) # 玩家初始位置x self.PlayerInfo['y'] = int((SCREENHEIGHT - self.PlayerInfo['h']) / 2) # 玩家初始位置y self.PlayerInfo['index'] = 0 # 玩家初始帧序列 self.playerVelY = 0 # 玩家在y轴上的速度，向下为正方向 self.playerFlapped = False # 玩家是否上升 def frame_step(self, input_actions,BASEY): # 检查输入是否正确 if sum(input_actions) != 1: raise ValueError('Multiple input actions!') # input_actions[0] == 1: do nothing # input_actions[1] == 1: flap the bird if input_actions[1] == 1: if self.PlayerInfo['y'] > -2 * self.PlayerInfo['h']: self.playerVelY = self.playerFlapAcc # 速度方向一下变为朝上 self.playerFlapped = True # SOUNDS['wing'].play() # 玩家的移动 if self.playerVelY < self.playerMaxVelY and not self.playerFlapped: #如果y速度没有最大且没有上升时 self.playerVelY += self.playerAccY if self.playerFlapped: self.playerFlapped = False self.PlayerInfo['y'] += min(self.playerVelY, BASEY - self.PlayerInfo['y'] - self.PlayerInfo['h'] )# 在y的速度和离地面的距离中取一个最小值 if self.PlayerInfo['y'] < 0: # 玩家的最高位置 self.PlayerInfo['y'] = 0 # 计算玩家序列帧 if (self.loopIter + 1) % 3 == 0: self.PlayerInfo['index'] = next(self.PLAYER_INDEX_GEN) self.loopIter = (self.loopIter + 1) % 30 # 绘制玩家图像 self.screen.blit(self.Player_Sprite[self.PlayerInfo['index']], (self.PlayerInfo['x'], self.PlayerInfo['y'])) # 玩家 class Flappy_Bird_Env(object): def __init__(self): # 初始化窗口 pygame.init() # 初始化游戏，即初始化pygame的各个子模块 self.clock = pygame.time.Clock() # 创建时钟对象，可以控制游戏循环频率 self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREENWIDTH, SCREENHEIGHT)) # 创建游戏窗口（SCREENWIDTH*SCREENHEIGHT） pygame.display.set_caption('Flappy Bird by MRL') # 设置窗口标题，默认为‘pygame window’ # 定义一些常量 self.IMAGES, self.SOUNDS = tool.load() # 加载游戏资源 self.HITMASKS = tool.get_hitmask(self.IMAGES) # 获取遮罩数据 # 背景图片相关设置 self.BACKGROUND_WIDTH = self.IMAGES['background'].get_width() # 地面图片相关设置 self.BASEX = 0 # 地面图片的x坐标 self.BASEY = SCREENHEIGHT * 0.79 # 地面图片的y坐标 self.baseShift = self.IMAGES['base'].get_width() - self.BACKGROUND_WIDTH # 地面图片多余出的x距离，用来实现移动效果 # 管道图片相关设置 self.pipeVelX = -4 # 管道移动速度 self.PIPEGAPSIZE = 100 # 上下管道之间的间距 self.PIPE_WIDTH = self.IMAGES['pipe'][0].get_width() self.PIPE_HEIGHT = self.IMAGES['pipe'][0].get_height() # 玩家图片相关设置 self.bird = Bird(self.IMAGES['player'],self.screen) self.reset() def reset(self): # 关键变量 self.score = 0 self.bird.reset() # 获取2个新的pipes newPipe1 = self.getRandomPipe() newPipe2 = self.getRandomPipe() # 屏幕显示的上管道列表 self.upperPipes = [ {'x': SCREENWIDTH, 'y': newPipe1[0]['y']}, # 屏幕上第1个管道 {'x': SCREENWIDTH + (SCREENWIDTH / 2), 'y': newPipe2[0]['y']},# 屏幕上第2个管道 ] # 屏幕显示的下管道列表 self.lowerPipes = [ {'x': SCREENWIDTH, 'y': newPipe1[1]['y']}, {'x': SCREENWIDTH + (SCREENWIDTH / 2), 'y': newPipe2[1]['y']}, ] def frame_step(self,input_actions): pygame.event.pump() # 让pygame采取默认的事件操作 reward = 0.1 terminal = False # 绘制背景图像 self.draw_bg() # 绘制上下管道图像 self.draw_pipes() # 绘制地面图像 self.draw_base() # 绘制玩家图像 self.bird.frame_step(input_actions, self.BASEY) # 检查分数 playerMidPos = self.bird.PlayerInfo['x'] + self.bird.PlayerInfo['w'] / 2 for pipe in self.upperPipes: pipeMidPos = pipe['x'] + self.PIPE_WIDTH / 2 # 计算上管道的x中点 # 如果此时在一个小范围内 if pipeMidPos <= playerMidPos < pipeMidPos + 4: self.score += 1 #self.SOUNDS['point'].play() reward = 1 # 检查是否发生碰撞 isCrash = self.checkCrash(self.bird.PlayerInfo,self.upperPipes, self.lowerPipes) if isCrash: #self.SOUNDS['hit'].play() #self.SOUNDS['die'].play() terminal = True self.reset() # 重置 reward = -1 # 绘制分数图像 self.showScore(self.score) # 将像素拷贝到是一个三维数据中，数组表示为：RGB的颜色整数值 image_data = pygame.surfarray.array3d(pygame.display.get_surface()) # 更新游戏窗口 pygame.display.update() self.clock.tick(FPS) # 指定循环频率 return image_data,reward, terminal def run_game(self): while True: is_flap = False # 是否让小鸟飞翔 # 遍历系统的事件列表 for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == QUIT or (event.type == KEYDOWN and event.key == K_ESCAPE): # 退出事件，Esc pygame.quit() sys.exit() if event.type == KEYDOWN and (event.key == K_SPACE or event.key == K_UP): # 按下空格或者上方向键 actions = np.array([0, 1]) # 让小鸟飞翔 self.frame_step(input_actions=actions) is_flap = True # 如果没有接收到输入就让小鸟降落 if not is_flap: actions = np.array([1, 0]) # 让小鸟降落 self.frame_step(input_actions=actions) def draw_bg(self): self.screen.blit(self.IMAGES['background'], (0, 0)) # 背景，元组参数表示绘制位置,也可以通过Rect矩形类来表示