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# GSL: Guidelines Support Library [](https://dev.azure.com/cppstat/GSL/_build/latest?definitionId=1&branchName=main) The Guidelines Support Library (GSL) contains functions and types that are suggested for use by the [C++ Core Guidelines](https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines) maintained by the [Standard C++ Foundation](https://isocpp.org). This repo contains Microsoft's implementation of GSL. The entire implementation is provided inline in the headers under the [gsl](./include/gsl) directory. The implementation generally assumes a platform that implements C++14 support. While some types have been broken out into their own headers (e.g. [gsl/span](./include/gsl/span)), it is simplest to just include [gsl/gsl](./include/gsl/gsl) and gain access to the entire library. > NOTE: We encourage contributions that improve or refine any of the types in this library as well as ports to other platforms. Please see [CONTRIBUTING.md](./CONTRIBUTING.md) for more information about contributing. # Project Code of Conduct This project has adopted the [Microsoft Open Source Code of Conduct](https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/). For more information see the [Code of Conduct FAQ](https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/faq/) or contact [opencode@microsoft.com](mailto:opencode@microsoft.com) with any additional questions or comments. # Usage of Third Party Libraries This project makes use of the [Google Test](https://github.com/google/googletest) testing library. Please see the [ThirdPartyNotices.txt](./ThirdPartyNotices.txt) file for details regarding the licensing of Google Test. # Supported features ## Microsoft GSL implements the following from the C++ Core Guidelines: Feature | Supported? | Description -----------------------------------|:----------:|------------- [**1. Views**][cg-views] | | owner | ☑ | an alias for a raw pointer not_null | ☑ | restricts a pointer / smart pointer to hold non-null values span | ☑ | a view over a contiguous sequence of memory. Based on the standardized verison of `std::span`, however `gsl::span` enforces bounds checking. See the [wiki](https://github.com/microsoft/GSL/wiki/gsl::span-and-std::span) for additional information. span_p | ☐ | spans a range starting from a pointer to the first place for which the predicate is true basic_zstring | ☑ | A pointer to a C-string (zero-terminated array) with a templated char type zstring | ☑ | An alias to `basic_zstring` with dynamic extent and a char type of char czstring | ☑ | An alias to `basic_zstring` with dynamic extent and a char type of const char wzstring | ☑ | An alias to `basic_zstring` with dynamic extent and a char type of wchar_t cwzstring | ☑ | An alias to `basic_zstring` with dynamic extent and a char type of const wchar_t u16zstring | ☑ | An alias to `basic_zstring` with dynamic extent and a char type of char16_t cu16zstring | ☑ | An alias to `basic_zstring` with dynamic extent and a char type of const char16_t u32zstring | ☑ | An alias to `basic_zstring` with dynamic extent and a char type of char32_t cu32zstring | ☑ | An alias to `basic_zstring` with dynamic extent and a char type of const char32_t [**2. Owners**][cg-owners] | | unique_ptr | ☑ | an alias to `std::unique_ptr` shared_ptr | ☑ | an alias to `std::shared_ptr` stack_array | ☐ | a stack-allocated array dyn_array | ☐ | a heap-allocated array [**3. Assertions**][cg-assertions] | | Expects | ☑ | a precondition assertion; on failure it terminates Ensures | ☑ | a postcondition assertion; on failure it terminates [**4. Utilities**][cg-utilities] | | move_owner | ☐ | a helper function that moves one `owner` to the other byte | ☑ | either an alias to std::byte or a byte type final_action | ☑ | a RAII style class that invokes a functor on its destruction finally | ☑ | a helper function instantiating `final_action` GSL_SUPPRESS | ☑ | a macro that takes an argument and turns it into `[[gsl::suppress(x)]]` or `[[gsl::suppress("x")]]` [[implicit]] | ☐ | a "marker" to put on single-argument constructors to explicitly make them non-explicit index | ☑ | a type to use for all container and array indexing (currently an alias for std::ptrdiff_t) joining_thread | ☐ | a RAII style version of `std::thread` that joins narrow | ☑ | a checked version of narrow_cast; it can throw `narrowing_error` narrow_cast | ☑ | a narrowing cast for values and a synonym for static_cast narrowing_error | ☑ | a custom exception type thrown by `narrow()` [**5. Concepts**][cg-concepts] | ☐ | ## The following features do not exist in or have been removed from the C++ Core Guidelines: Feature | Supported? | Description -----------------------------------|:----------:|------------- strict_not_null | ☑ | A stricter version of `not_null` with explicit constructors multi_span | ☐ | Deprecated. Multi-dimensional span. strided_span | ☐ | Deprecated. Support for this type has been discontinued. basic_string_span | ☐ | Deprecated. Like `span` but for strings with a templated char type string_span | ☐ | Deprecated. An alias to `basic_string_span` with a char type of char cstring_span | ☐ | Deprecated. An alias to `basic_string_span` with a char type of const char wstring_span | ☐ | Deprecated. An alias to `basic_string_span` with a char type of wchar_t cwstring_span | ☐ | Deprecated. An alias to `basic_string_span` with a char type of const wchar_t u16string_span | ☐ | Deprecated. An alias to `basic_string_span` with a char type of char16_t cu16string_span | ☐ | Deprecated. An alias to `basic_string_span` with a char type of const char16_t u32string_span | ☐ | Deprecated. An alias to `basic_string_span` with a char type of char32_t cu32string_span | ☐ | Deprecated. An alias to `basic_string_span` with a char type of const char32_t This is based on [CppCoreGuidelines semi-specification](https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#gsl-guidelines-support-library). [cg-views]: https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#gslview-views [cg-owners]: https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#gslowner-ownership-pointers [cg-assertions]: https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#gslassert-assertions [cg-utilities]: https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#gslutil-utilities [cg-concepts]: https://github.c