CMMI
®
for Development, Version 1.3
CMMI-DEV, V1.3
CMMI 产品团队
提升过程，开发更好的产品和服务
2010 年 11 月
技术报告
CMU/SEI-2010-TR-033
ESC-TR-2010-033
Software Engineering Process Management Program
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CMMI for Development, Version 1.3
前言
i
前言
CMMI(能力成熟度集成)模型是有助于企业提升过程的最佳实践的集
合。这些模型由来自于企业、政府和软件工程研究所建立的产品团
队共同开发。
本模型，即 CMMI 开发模型，为开发产品和服务提供了一个全面集
成的指南。
目的
CMMI-DEV 模型为研发机构实施 CMMI 的最佳实践提供了指南。模
型中的最佳实践着眼于开发高质量的产品和服务所需要的活动，以
满足客户和最终用户的需求。
CMMI-DEV 模型是来自于政府和业界研发最佳实践的汇总，并形成
了 CMMI V1.3 的架构和框架
1
，简称 CMF(例如：对于所有 CMMI 模
型和星型结构都满足通用组件模型
2
)，并整合了研发企业在产品和服
务研发过程中实施 CMMI 的各种实践。
致谢
许多精英参与 CMMI V1.3 的系列产品的开发。三个主要参与这个开
发的群组是 CMMI 管理组、产品团队、配置管理组(CCB)。
CMMI 管理组引导和批准产品团队的工作计划，为重要的 CMMI 项
目问题提供帮助，保证各种兴趣小组参与其中。
管理组监视星型开发团队的活动，（帮助）他们认识到提供最佳实践
给开发企业的重要性。
1
The CMMI Framework is the basic structure that organizes CMMI components and combines them into
CMMI constellations and models.
2
A constellation is a collection of CMMI components that are used to construct models, training materials,
and appraisal related documents for an area of interest (e.g., development, acquisition, services).
CMMI for Development, Version 1.3
前言
ii
产品团队编写，评审，修订，讨论，并对 CMMI 产品系列的结构和
技术内容达成一致，包括框架，模型，培训和评估材料。开发活动
来自于多个输入。这些输入包括一个由管理团队提交的规范和指南，
源模型，来自于用户组织的变更请求，也包括来自于试点项目和其
他干系人的输入。
CBB 控制变更的正式机制，用于控制 CMMI 模型、估计相关文档和
CMMI 教材等资料的变更。
参与开发 CMMI-DEV V1.3 的小组成员，请参见附录 C.
读者
CMMI- DEV 的读者包括那些对过程改进有兴趣的任何人。不管是否
熟悉能力成熟度模型，抑或正在为提升开发过程能力查找资料，
CMMI- DEV 都会对你有所帮助。这个模型也适合那些正在试图为评
估他们开发相关过程的企业，模型可以为他们提供一个有用的参考
3
。
文本的组织
本文由三部分构成：
第一部分: 关于 CMMI -DEV
第二部分:通用目标和通用实践，以及过程域。
第三部分:附录和词汇表
第一部分：关于 CMMI-DEV,由 5 个章节组成：
第一章，简介，提供了 CMMI 和 CMMI-DEV 星型结构的轮廓，过程
改进的概念，以及用于过程改进模型和过程改进方法的历史。
第二章，过程域组件，描述所有 CMMI-DEV 过程域的组件
4
。
第三章，集成在一起，把模型组件汇总，并解释成熟度等级和能力
等级的概念。
3
An appraisal is an examination of one or more processes by a trained team of professionals using a
reference model (e.g., CMMI-DEV) as the basis for determining strengths and weaknesses.
4
A process area is a cluster of related practices in an area that, when implemented collectively, satisfies a set
of goals considered important for making improvement in that area. This concept is covered in detail in
Chapter 2.
