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云计算-陆浑灌区渠道过流能力的计算分析与整治措施.pdf
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云计算-陆浑灌区渠道过流能力的计算分析与整治措施.pdf
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摘要
I
摘要
陆浑灌区始建于 1967 年,受建设时期的历史背景、社会情况、投资政策和
施工水平的限制,存在设计标准较低、配套设施较差、遗留尾工较大等问题;
同时灌区经过近五十年的运行,加上维修资金不足和管理体制较落后,暴露出
的问题愈来愈多,尤其是渠道过流能力不足,严重影响了灌区的安全运行、效
益发挥和持续发展。本文针对陆浑灌区渠道过流能力展开研究,主要内容如下:
(1)采用 JAVA 编制了渠道水面线计算程序,该程序可应用于计算棱柱体渠
道水面线和非棱柱体渠道水面线两种情况。渠道水面线计算结果表明,实际断
面水面线远高于设计断面水面线,说明渠道目前的过流量远低于设计流量,同
时通过分析找出了渠道过流能力的影响因素,定量分析了各因素的影响程度,
提出了渠道的改造措施。
(2)采用 FLUENT 模拟弯道三维水流运动,通过 ICEM 进行前处理,质量守
恒方程和雷诺平均 N-S 方程作为控制方程,RNG k-ε 涡粘性紊流模型封闭方程,
有限体积法离散化方程,水气两相流 VOF 模型追踪自由水面,常规 SIMPLE 算
法求解以及 CFD-Post 进行后处理,得到了不同流量工况下明渠弯道水流的纵向
水面线、横向水面线和弯道环流结果,并将数值模拟结果与编程计算结果进行
比较,分析总结了弯道对渠道水流水面线的影响。
关键词:灌区改造;渠道过流能力;水面线计算;弯道水流;数值模拟
万方数据
Abstract
II
Abstract
The Luhun irrigation area was constructed in 1967 and it was because of the
background, the society, the investment policy and the limit of construction
technology at that time that there are some problems with this project such as the low
design principle, the bad auxiliary facilities and the abundant uncompleted projects.
After working for dozens of years, the problems, like the insufficient capacity of
bearing flowing, become more and more serious because of the shortage of
allowances for maintaining and the backward of management. These problems make
negative effects on the security, the benefit and the sustainable developing seriously.
The article focus on the research about the capacity of bearing flowing and the main
content and results are showed below:
(1) Designing a program which can calculate the water surface lines by using
JAVA. The program is suitable for prismatic channels and non-prismatic channels.
The results show that the practical water surface lines are higher than the designed
water surface line, which indicates that the current flow is much lower than the
designed flow. In addition, the article finds out factors which lead to the insufficient
capability of bearing flow and figures out how much influences these factors make.
Finally, the study proposes suggestions to improve conditions of the irrigation area.
(2) Numerical simulation on the 3-D flow in the curving channel by using
FLUENT. The preprocessing method of the simulation is carried out by ICEM. The
turbulent model is set with k-ε model basing on the N-S equation. The study also uses
the VOF model to track the free water surface, the finite volume method to discrete
equations, the SIMPLE algorithm to solve equations and the CFD-Post to analysis the
results. And the simulation shows the longitudinal and transverse water surface lines
and the circle flow in the curving channel under different working conditions of flow.
Meanwhile, the article studies the influences which the flow in the curving channel
makes on the water surface lines by comparing the computational results and the
simulation results.
万方数据
Abstract
III
Key Words: reconstruction of irrigation area; capacity of bearing flow in channel;
computation of water surface lines; flow in the curving channel; numerical simulation
万方数据
目录
IV
目录
摘要 ............................................................................................................ I
Abstract ...................................................................................................... II
目录 .......................................................................................................... IV
1 概况 ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1 研究背景和意义 .............................................................................................. 1
1.2 问题的提出 ...................................................................................................... 2
1.3 水面线计算方法的研究现状 .......................................................................... 3
1.4 弯道水流数值模拟的研究现状 ...................................................................... 4
1.5 本文的研究内容 .............................................................................................. 6
1.6 小结 .................................................................................................................. 7
2 灌区基本情况 ......................................................................................... 8
2.1 灌区概况 .......................................................................................................... 8
2.1.1 自然状况 ................................................................................................................ 8
2.1.2 社会经济状况 ........................................................................................................ 8
2.1.3 农业生产状况 ......................................................................................................... 9
2.1.4 水利设施情况 ........................................................................................................ 9
2.1.5 灌区外部条件 ....................................................................................................... 11
2.2 建设及改造情况 ............................................................................................ 11
2.3 研究的必要性和可行性 ................................................................................ 13
2.4 小结 ................................................................................................................ 13
3 渠道勘察工作 ...................................................................................... 14
3.1 纵横断面 ........................................................................................................ 14
3.2 衬砌情况 ........................................................................................................ 15
3.3 淤积及植物分布状况 .................................................................................... 15
3.4 弯道 ................................................................................................................ 15
3.5 跨渠桥梁 ........................................................................................................ 16
万方数据
目录
V
3.6 渡槽 ................................................................................................................ 17
3.7 闸门 ................................................................................................................ 18
3.8 渐变段 ............................................................................................................ 18
3.9 小结 ................................................................................................................ 19
4 灌区渠道水力计算 .............................................................................. 20
4.1 恒定非均匀渐变流微分流段数学模型 ......................................................... 20
4.2 渠道水面线计算方法 .................................................................................... 21
4.2.1 水面线计算公式 .................................................................................................. 22
4.2.2 水面线计算原理 .................................................................................................. 23
4.2.3 水面线定性分析 .................................................................................................. 24
4.2.4 水面线计算方法 .................................................................................................. 25
4.3 渠道局部水头损失计算方法 ........................................................................ 29
4.4 渠道水面线计算结果 .................................................................................... 32
4.4.1 渠道实际断面水面线计算 .................................................................................. 32
4.4.2 渠道设计断面水面线计算 .................................................................................. 32
4.4.3 渠道最大过流量计算 .......................................................................................... 33
4.5 小结 ................................................................................................................ 33
5 弯道水流数值模拟 .............................................................................. 34
5.1 弯道水流的特性 ............................................................................................ 34
5.2 弯道水流的数值模拟方法 ............................................................................ 35
5.2.1 控制方程 .............................................................................................................. 35
5.2.2 紊流模型 .............................................................................................................. 38
5.2.3 离散化方法 .......................................................................................................... 39
5.2.4 多相流模型 .......................................................................................................... 40
5.2.5 网格划分 .............................................................................................................. 40
5.2.6 初始条件和边界条件的处理 .............................................................................. 40
5.2.7 离散方程的解法 .................................................................................................. 41
5.3 灌区典型弯道的三维流场数值模拟结果 .................................................... 41
5.3.1 纵向水面线 .......................................................................................................... 42
5.3.2 横向水面线 .......................................................................................................... 43
万方数据
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