Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition
1 3
Dario Maio
Anil K. Jain
Salil Prabhakar
Handbook of Fingerprint
Recognition
Davide Maltoni
Second Edition
Davide Maltoni Dario Maio
Via Sacchi, 3
47023 Cesena, Italy
47023 Cesena, Italy
maltoni@csr.unibo.it
dmaio@deis.unibo.it
Anil K. Jain
Salil Prabhakar
Department of Computer Science
Michigan State University
720 Bay Road
3115, Engineering Building
Redwood City CA 94063, USA
salilp@digitalpersona.com
jain@cse.msu.edu
ISBN: 978-1-84882-253-5 e-ISBN: 978-1-84882-254-2
East Lansing MI 48823, USA
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as
permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be repro-
duced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of
the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licenses
issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms
should be sent to the publishers.
The use of registered names, trademarks, etc., in this publication does not imply, even in the
absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations
and therefore free for general use.
The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the infor-
mation contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or
omissions that may be made.
Printed on acid-free paper
Springer Science+Business Media
springer.com
Biometric Systems Lab (DEIS)
Università di Bologna
Biometric Systems Lab (DEIS)
Università di Bologna
Via Sacchi, 3
DigitalPersona, Inc.
Springer-Verlag London Limited 2009
©
Library of Congress Control Number: 2009926293
Contents
Preface................................................................................................................................ xi
Overview..................................................................................................................... xi
Objectives................................................................................................................... xii
Organization and Features.......................................................................................... xii
From the First to the Second Edition.........................................................................xiii
Contents of the DVD...................................................................................................xv
Intended Audience.......................................................................................................xv
Acknowledgments..................................................................................................... xvi
1 Introduction.................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................1
1.2 Biometric Recognition .............................................................................................. 2
1.3 Biometric Systems..................................................................................................... 3
1.4 Comparison of Traits................................................................................................. 8
1.5 System Errors.......................................................................................................... 11
1.5.1 Reasons behind system errors .......................................................................... 12
1.5.2 Capture module errors...................................................................................... 13
1.5.3 Feature extraction module errors...................................................................... 14
1.5.4 Template creation module errors...................................................................... 14
1.5.5 Matching module errors ................................................................................... 14
1.5.6 Verification error rates ..................................................................................... 16
1.5.7 Identification error rates................................................................................... 20
1.6 System Evaluation................................................................................................... 22
1.7 Applications of Fingerprint Systems....................................................................... 25
1.7.1 Application characteristics ............................................................................... 25
1.7.2 Application categories...................................................................................... 27
1.7.3 Barriers to adoption.......................................................................................... 30
1.8 History of Fingerprints............................................................................................ 31
1.9 Formation of Fingerprints ....................................................................................... 34
1.10 Individuality of Fingerprints.................................................................................. 35
1.11 Fingerprint Sensing and Storage ........................................................................... 36
1.12 Fingerprint Representation and Feature Extraction............................................... 38
1.13 Fingerprint Matching............................................................................................. 41
1.14 Fingerprint Classification and Indexing................................................................ 43
1.15 Synthetic Fingerprints ........................................................................................... 45
1.16 Biometric Fusion................................................................................................... 45
