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基于机械手技术的自动中药抓药机设计.doc
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基于机械手技术的自动中药抓药机设计.doc
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1
题 目
基于机械手技术的自动
中药抓药机设计
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89034990/bg2.jpg)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89034990/bg3.jpg)
- I -
摘 要
随着时代的发展进步,越来越多的人们意识到了养生的重要性。作为养生的一个
重要方法,中药开始被越来越多的人所追捧。然而,就目前中医药药房的发展状况来
说。无论是大医院还是街边的小药店,抓取药材的方式仍然是用人工风湿进行。人工
抓药与机器人相比效率低、误差大,存在粉尘污染、人手对药物的二次污染等等缺点。
目前国内中医药行业飞速发展,而人工抓药的这诸多缺点已成为制约中药发展的因素
之一。
国外的情况与国内恰恰相反,无论是大型工厂还是小型企业都以机器人代替了人
工作业方式。基于从事五年机械专业学习以及对自动化专业知识了解,以德国自动化
药房作为参考后提出基于机械手技术的自动中药抓药机的设计思路。这种基于机械手
技术的自动中药抓药机由可编程控制器、单片机、串行显示器以及 ADC 模数转换器
等构成主要控制系统,以机械手技术为其核心,完成自动中药抓药机基本设计思路。
这种机器将在一定水平上节省人力物力,并可实现远程控制和统一控制。
关键词:机械手;自动重量检测;智能控制;传感器
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89034990/bg4.jpg)
基于机械手技术的自动中药抓药机设计
- II -
Design of Automatic Chinese Medicine Grab Machine Based on
Robot Technology
Abstract
With the development of the times, more and more people are aware of the importance of
health. As an important method of health, Chinese medicine has begun to be sought after
by more and more people. However, as far as the current development of Chinese medicine
pharmacies is concerned. Whether it is a large hospital or a small pharmacy on the street,
the way to grab the medicine is still carried out with artificial rheumatism. Compared with
the robot, the artificial drug is less efficient, has a large error, and has the disadvantages of
dust pollution, secondary pollution of the drug by the human hand, and the like. At present,
the Chinese traditional medicine industry is developing rapidly, and many of the
shortcomings of artificial medicine have become one of the factors restricting the
development of traditional Chinese medicine.
The situation in foreign countries is exactly the opposite of that in China. Both large
factories and small enterprises have replaced robots with manual methods. Based on the
five-year mechanical professional learning and understanding of automation expertise, the
German automated pharmacy is used as a reference to propose the design idea of automatic
Chinese medicine medicine grabbing machine based on robot technology. The automatic
Chinese medicine medicine grabbing machine based on manipulator technology consists of
programmable controller, single chip microcomputer, serial display and ADC
analog-to-digital converter, etc. The main control system is composed of manipulator
technology, and the basic design idea of automatic Chinese medicine medicine grabbing
machine is completed. This kind of machine will save manpower and resources at a certain
level, and can realize remote control and unified control.
Key Words:Robot;Automatic weight detection;intelligent control; sensor
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89034990/bg5.jpg)
- III -
目录
第 1 章 绪论............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 课题背景 ...........................................................................................................................................1
1.2 机械手的定义与分类 ......................................................................................................................1
1.3 机械手的组成结构 ..........................................................................................................................2
1.4 机械手的发展现状 ..........................................................................................................................2
1.5 总体设计要求 ..................................................................................................................................3
第 2 章 机械手结构设计...........................................................................................................................4
2.1 机械手手部结构设计 .......................................................................................................................4
2.2 手臂的设计 ......................................................................................................................................7
2.3 手臂直线运动的驱动力计算............................................................................................................9
2.4 臂部运动驱动力计算 ....................................................................................................................11
2.5 臂水平伸缩运动驱动力的计算.....................................................................................................13
2.6 药斗拉出装置 ................................................................................................................................13
2.7 真空发生器 ....................................................................................................................................15
第 3 章 PLC 的介绍与选择......................................................................................................................17
3.1 PLC 介绍与选择 .............................................................................................................................17
3.2 PLC 的选择 .....................................................................................................................................17
3.3 三菱 FX 系列的结构功能...............................................................................................................18
PLC 组成框图........................................................................................................................................19
输入/输出口保护 ...................................................................................................................................19
第 4 章 单片机介绍与选择 .....................................................................................................................20
4.1 单片机介绍 .....................................................................................................................................20
4.2 单片机的分类 ............................................................................................................................20
4.3 单片机的工作原理及应用领域.....................................................................................................22
4.4 单片机选择 ....................................................................................................................................24
第 5 章 PLC 控制回路设计......................................................................................................................26
5.1 机械手工作流程 .............................................................................................................................26
设计总结 .................................................................................................................................................31
致谢.........................................................................................................................................................32
参考文献 .................................................................................................................................................33
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