单片机【经典外文翻译】--51系列单片机的功能和结构(译文+英文)—-毕业论文设计.doc
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Structure and function of the MCS-51 series
Structure and function of the MCS-51 series one-chip computer is a name of a
piece of one-chip computer series which Intel Company produces. This company
introduced 8 top-grade one-chip computers of MCS-51 series in 1980 after
introducing 8 one-chip computers of MCS-48 series in 1976. It belong to a lot of
kinds this line of one-chip computer the chips have,such as 8051, 8031, 8751,
80C51BH, 80C31BH,etc., their basic composition, basic performance and instruction
system are all the same. 8051 daily representatives- 51 serial one-chip computers .
An one-chip computer system is made up of several following parts: ( 1) One
microprocessor of 8 (CPU). ( 2) At slice data memory RAM (128B/256B),it use not
depositting not can reading /data that write, such as result not middle of operation,
final result and data wanted to show, etc. ( 3) Procedure memory ROM/EPROM
(4KB/8KB ), is used to preserve the procedure , some initial data and form in slice.
But does not take ROM/EPROM within some one-chip computers, such as 8031 ,
8032, 80C ,etc.. ( 4) Four 8 run side by side I/O interface P0 four P3, each mouth can
use as introduction , may use as exporting too. ( 5) Two timer / counter, each timer /
counter may set up and count in the way, used to count to the external incident, can
set up into a timing way too, and can according to count or result of timing realize the
control of the computer. ( 6) Five cut off cutting off the control system of the source .
( 7) One all duplexing serial I/O mouth of UART (universal asynchronous
receiver/transmitter (UART) ), is it realize one-chip computer or one-chip computer
and serial communication of computer to use for. ( 8) Stretch oscillator and clock
produce circuit, quartz crystal finely tune electric capacity need outer. Allow
oscillation frequency as 12 megahertas now at most. Every the above-mentioned part
was joined through the inside data bus .Among them, CPU is a core of the one-chip
computer, it is the control of the computer and command centre, made up of such
parts as arithmetic unit and controller , etc.. The arithmetic unit can carry on 8 persons
of arithmetic operation and unit ALU of logic operation while including one, the 1
storing device temporarilies of 8, storing device 2 temporarily, 8's accumulation
device ACC, register B and procedure state register PSW, etc. Person who accumulate
ACC count by 2 input ends entered of checking etc. temporarily as one operation
often, come from person who store 1 operation is it is it make operation to go on to
count temporarily , operation result and loopback ACC with another one. In addition,
ACC is often regarded as the transfer station of data transmission on 8051 inside . The
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