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基于单片机的智能照明控制及驱动系统毕业(论文)设计说明书论文.doc
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基于单片机的智能照明控制及驱动系统毕业(论文)设计说明书论文.doc
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毕业设计说明书(论文)
作 者:
学 号:
学 院:
电子与电气工程学院
专 业:
自动化
题 目:
基于单片机的 LED 智能照明驱动及控制
系统
-硬件部分
毕 业 设 计 说 明 书 ( 论 文 ) 中 文 摘 要
摘要
摘要:LED(即发光二极管)为半导体二极管的一种,是一种能够将电能转变
成光能的工具。LED 作为现代化新型照明灯具和设施,它集体积小、耗能低、使
用寿命长和绿色环保等诸多优点于一身。
LED 阵列,控制电路和驱动电路这三部分构成 LED 灯具,其中 LED 灯具的品
质和寿命与 LED 的驱动电路性能有直接关系。所以在本次设计中 LED 的驱动电路
设计将十分重要。
如今 LED 驱动电路的功率因数低和效率低是主要的不足之处,它们分别会造
成谐波污染和降低电能利用。为了解决这些问题,本次设计将采取高效率和高功
率因数的 LED 驱动电路。为了能够更好地利用电能,本次设计将利用单片机实现
智能照明,使 LED 实现自动控制,合理的灯光调节将更加节约用电。
最终本次设计实现了 LED 智能照明驱动及控制系统的硬件达成,而且系统运
行良好,结果表明各项功能及参数均满足本次设计要求。
关键词 LED,单片机,开关电源,智能照明
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT:LED (light emitting diode) it is a semiconductor diode, can convert electric
energyinto light energy. LED as a modern new lighting fixtures and facilities, which combines the
advantages of small volume, low power consumption, long service life and environmental
protection in a body.
The LED array, control circuit and drive circuit which is composed of three parts ofLED lamp,
which is directly related to driving circuit of LED lamp quality and lifewith LED. So in the design
of LED driving circuit design will be very important.
Now the LED drive circuit power factor is low and the low efficiency is the main shortage,
which would cause harmonic pollution and reduce energy use. In order to solve these problems, the
design will take the high efficiency and high power factor LED drive circuit. In order to better use
of electric power, this design will useintelligent lighting, enables the LED to achieve automatic
control, reasonable light adjustment will be more save electricity.
Finally, the complete design of the intelligent lighting control and drive the hardware of the
system, and the system is running well, the results show that the functions and parameters can meet
the requirements of the design.
Keywords: LED; single chip microcomputer; switching power supply; intelligent lighting
毕 业 设 计 说 明 书 ( 论 文 ) 外 文 摘 要
Title Microcontroller-based intelligent LED lighting and drive systems
Abstract :
LED ( light-emitting diode ) is a semiconductor diode , is capable of converting an
electric energy into light tool. LED lighting and a new modern facility , which
combines small size, low power consumption, long life and environmental protection
and many other advantages in one.
LED array , the control circuit and the driver circuit portion constituting the three LED
lamps, where the quality and life of the LED driving circuit performance is directly
related to LED lamps . Therefore, in this design the LED driving circuit design is very
important .
Today, the power factor LED driver circuit is low and inefficiency are major
shortcomings, they will cause harmonic pollution and reduce energy use , respectively .
To solve these problems , this design will take the high efficiency and high power
factor LED driver circuit . In order to be able to make better use of energy, this design
will use MCU intelligent lighting , the LED to achieve automatic control , lighting
adjustment will be more reasonable to conserve electricity .
The final design and implementation of the hardware drivers and LED intelligent
lighting control system to achieve , and the system is running well , the results show
that the various functions and parameters are designed to meet this requirement .
Keywords LED, SCM , switching power supply ,intelligent lighting
淮阴 工学 院毕业 设计 说明书 ( 论 文 ) 第 Ⅰ 页 共 Ⅱ 页
1
目 录
1 绪论……………………………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 前言……………………………………………………………………………… 1
1.1.1 课题研究背景…………………………………………………………………… 1
1.1.2 课题研究的目的及意义………………………………………………………… 2
1.2 LED 照明…………………………………………………………………………… 2
1.2.1 发光原理………………………………………………………………………… 2
1.2.2 光源特点……………………………………………………………………… 3
1.2.3 优点……………………………………………………………………………… 4
1.3 驱动电路…………………………………………………………………………… 4
1.3.1 线性稳压电源……………………………………………………………………4
1.3.2 开关稳压电源…………………………………………………………………… 4
1.4 智能照明…………………………………………………………………………… 5
2 开关稳压电源………………………………………………………………………… 5
2.1 拓扑结构…………………………………………………………………………… 5
2.1.1 非隔离式………………………………………………………………………… 6
2.1.2 隔离式…………………………………………………………………………… 6
2.2 开关电源的控制方式……………………………………………………………… 9
2.2.1 电压控制模式……………………………………………………………………10
2.2.2 电流控制模式……………………………………………………………………10
2.3 开关电源的三种调制方式………………………………………………………10
2.3.1 脉冲宽度调制………………………………………………………………… 11
2.3.2 脉冲频率调制……………………………………………………………………11
2.3.3 混合调制…………………………………………………………………………11
2.4 功率因数校正………………………………………………………………………11
2.5 开关电源未来发展…………………………………………………………………12
3 驱动电路……………………………………………………………………………13
3.1 临界导通式单级 PFC 反激式变换器原理…………………………………………
1 3
3.2 主电路设计…………………………………………………………………………14
3.2.1 高频变压器设计…………………………………………………………………14
3.2.2 滤波电容器设计…………………………………………………………………14
3.2.3 主开关选择………………………………………………………………………15
3.2.4 整流输出二极管设计……………………………………………………………15
3.3 控制电路设计………………………………………………………………………16
3.3.1 调节电路…………………………………………………………………………16
3.3.2 并机均流电路……………………………………………………………………16
3.3.3 保护电路…………………………………………………………………………16
淮阴 工学 院毕业 设计 说明书 ( 论 文 ) 第 Ⅰ 页 共 Ⅱ 页
2
3.3.4 误差放大补偿网络………………………………………………………………16
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