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上海交通大学自学考试毕业论文

1

基于单片机的照明控制系统

摘要

随着电子技术的飞速发展，基于单片机的控制系统已广泛应用于工业、农业、电力、电

子、智能楼宇等行业，微型计算机作为嵌入式控制系统的主体与核心，代替了传统的控制系

统的常规电子线路。同时楼宇智能化的发展与成熟，也为基于单片机的照明控制系统的普及

与应用奠定了坚实的基础。

本文阐述了照明的有线、无线控制方式设计原理与实现方法。以设计过程为主线，分别

从硬件和软件两个方面描述设计过程，即从硬件电路的设计方法到实现所要求功能的软件技

术。该照明控制系统的主控制器、分控制器分别是以 AT89C51 与 AT89C2051 单片机为基础，

实现了有线通信、无线数传、控制与显示等功能。文中详细地描述了控制电路的设计过程，

包括：键盘与 LED 显示电路、RS485 通信电路、无线数传电路、照明灯控制电路以及看门

狗电路等。对于软件设计主要有主控制器、分控制器的有线通信程序设计与无线数字传输程

序设计以及灯光控制、定时控制、键盘扫描与 LED 显示等程序设计。有线通信程序的功能

是：通过 RS485 主从通信方式，由主控制器发出命令对全部或单个分控制器所控制的照明

灯实现开启、关闭、灯光亮度调节、定时控制等功能。无线数传程序设计的功能是：通过无

线数传模块实现照明灯的无线遥控，同样实现有线方式控制的功能。

关键词：主控制器，分控制器，单片机，有线通信，无线数传，灯光

亮度控制，定时控制

上海交通大学自学考试毕业论文

2

The Control System for Lighting Based on

Single–chip Microcomputer

Abstract

With the rapid development of electronic technology, the system of control based

on Single-chip Microcomputer is widely applied in industry, agriculture, electric

power, electron, intelligent building and so on. Microcomputer, as the subject and

core of the embedded system of control, replaces the traditional system—electronic

circuit. At the same time, the development and maturation of the intelligent building

have established the substantial foundation for the popularization and application of

the control system for lighting based on single-chip microcomputer.

The paper expatiates on the designing theories and implementation method of

the control system for lighting by wired or wireless communications. Taking the

designing process as mainline, it describes the process of designing from two

respects—hardware and software. In another word, the paper describes the process

from the method of circuit designing to the software technology of realizing the

demanded functions. The host controller of the control system for lighting is based on

AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer, and the auxiliary ones are based on

AT89C2051. The system can do many jobs, such as wired communication, wireless

data transmitting, controlling and display. The paper describes the designing process

of the circuit at length, including: keyboard and LED display circuit, RS485

communication circuit, wireless transmitting circuit, control circuit of lighting,

watchdog circuit, etc. The designing of software mainly includes the several

programming, such as wired communication, wireless data transmitting, lamplight

controlling, timed controlling, keyboard scanning and LED displaying. The wired

communication programming function is that through Master-slave communication

method based on RS485 the host controller sends orders to the all auxiliary controllers

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