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扫地机的数据控制系统设计-毕业(设计)论文说明书.doc
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扫地机的数据控制系统设计-毕业(设计)论文说明书.doc
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本科毕业设计说明书
扫地机的数据控制系统设计
THE DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC SWEEPING MACHINE DATA
CONTROL SYSTEM
安徽理工大学毕业设计
II
扫地机的数据控制系统设计
摘要
自动扫地机属于服务机器人的一种,随着社会的发展需要,服务机器人已经渗透了
我们的生活、工作和经济方面,并且起到了很大的作用。世界各国尤其是西方发达国家
都在致力于研究开发和广泛使用自动扫地机。尽管目前国内外在这方面的研究开发方面
已经取得一定的成果,但是仍有许多关键技术问题需要解决或提高,如路径规划就是其
中的一个比较重要的技术。本文介绍一种基于 MC9S12DG128 单片机的自动扫地机数据
控制系统。该系统实时性高功能完备,包括信息采集模块、控制模块、清扫模块、运动
模块。由碰撞传感器、红外测距传感器等来探测周围的环境,由红外接收头实现无线手
动遥控功能,由直流电机带动两个驱动轮旋转,采用改进的“井”字形路径遍历法。经
过实验证明了设计的可靠性,实现了自动扫地机的自动清洁行走。
关键词:自动扫地机,单片机,红外遥控,自动行走
安徽理工大学毕业设计
III
THE DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC SWEEPING MACHINE DATA
CONTROL SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
Automatic sweeping machine is one part of the serving robot. With the
development of society, the serving robot has infiltrated our lives, work and the
economy, and has played a significant role. Automatic sweeping is being
researched and developed in the countries all over the world, and which is being
used widely in the west developed countries. Despite the current areas of
research and development at home and abroad in this aspect has made certain
achievements, there are still many key technical problems need to be solved or
improved. For example, path planning is one of the important technical. This
paper presents the system integration and overview of autonomous cleaning
robot which is based on MC9S12DG128 singlechip. The real time characteristic
and function of the system are in good condition. The system consists four
segments: information collection module, the decision module, cleaning module,
motion control module. Several sensors such as collision sensor, infrared
distance sensors detect the surrounding obstacles while cleaning. The realization
of wireless remote manual control function is composed of an infrared receiving
head. Two driven wheels are driven by two DC motors combining. It adopts the
improved " 井 " - shaped path traversal method. Experiments show that the
control system run well and the robot have the ability to clean the floor
automatically.
KEYWARDS:automatic sweeping machine, singlechip, infrared remote
control, automatic move
安徽理工大学毕业设计
i
目录
摘要 .............................................................................................................................................I
ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................................................II
1 绪论.........................................................................................................................................1
1.1 概述...............................................................................................................................1
1.2 选题依据和意义............................................................................................................1
1.3 国内外自动扫地机的发展现状...................................................................................2
2 MC9S12DG128 单片机简介 ..................................................................................................4
2.1 前言................................................................................................................................4
2.2 引脚说明........................................................................................................................4
2.3 操作模式.......................................................................................................................7
2.4 本系统中的 MC9S12DG128 单片机 ..........................................................................7
3 系统总体设计.........................................................................................................................9
3.1 自动扫地机系统组成....................................................................................................9
3.1.1 信息采集模块......................................................................................................9
3.1.2 控制模块..............................................................................................................9
3.1.3 运动模块............................................................................................................10
3.1.4 清扫模块...........................................................................................................10
3.2 自动扫地机系统总体设计.........................................................................................10
3.2.1 自动扫地机功能设计........................................................................................10
3.2.2 自动扫地机硬件框架........................................................................................11
3.2.3 自动扫地机软件框架........................................................................................12
3.2.4 自动扫地机机械结构........................................................................................13
3.3 电机和电池选型..........................................................................................................13
3.3.1 电机选型............................................................................................................13
3.3.2 电池选型............................................................................................................14
4 系统硬件电路和软件流程....................................................................................................16
4.1 机械结构设计..............................................................................................................16
4.1.1 自动扫地机本体设计........................................................................................16
4.1.2 传感器配置与安装............................................................................................16
4.1.3 运动控制系统结构............................................................................................16
4.2 硬件电路设计..............................................................................................................17
安徽理工大学毕业设计
ii
4.2.1 硬件电路总体结构............................................................................................17
4.2.2 子板设计............................................................................................................18
4.2.3 时钟电路设计....................................................................................................18
4.2.4 看门狗电路设计................................................................................................19
4.2.5 电源模块设计....................................................................................................19
4.2.6 电机驱动模块设计............................................................................................21
4.2.7 信号采集模块设计............................................................................................22
4.2.8 视觉模块设计....................................................................................................24
4.2.9 遥控模块设计....................................................................................................25
4.2.10 LCD 显示模块设计.........................................................................................26
4.2.11 自动充电系统设计..........................................................................................27
4.3 软件流程设计..............................................................................................................30
4.3.1 主程序流程........................................................................................................30
4.3.2 路径规划概述....................................................................................................31
4.3.3 自动充电流程....................................................................................................33
4.3.4 视觉导引研究....................................................................................................33
5 结束语....................................................................................................................................36
参考文献...................................................................................................................................37
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