python从入门到实践，外星人入侵pygame小项目源码

# @Time:2023/5/13 20:41 # @Author: 一只流浪的蚊子 # @File:game_functions.py import sys import pygame from time import sleep from bullet import Bullet from alien import Alien # from ship import Ship from game_stats import GameStats def check_events(ai_settings, bullets, screen, ship, stats, play_button): """响应按键和鼠标事件""" for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: sys.exit() elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets) elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP: check_keyup_events(event, ship) elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos() check_play_button(stats, play_button, mouse_x, mouse_y) def check_play_button(stats, play_button, mouse_x, mouse_y): """在玩家单机Play时开始新游戏""" if play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x, mouse_y): # 重置游戏统计信息 # stats.reset_stats() stats.game_active = True # # 清空外星人列表和子弹列表 # aliens.empty() # bullets.empty() # # 创建一群新的外星人， 并让飞船居中 # create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens) # ship.center_ship() def check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets): """响应按键""" if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: ship.moving_right = True elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: ship.moving_left = True elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: fire_bullets(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets) elif event.key == pygame.K_q: sys.exit() def check_keyup_events(event, ship): """响应松开""" if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: ship.moving_right = False if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: ship.moving_left = False def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, ship, bullets, aliens, play_button): """更新屏幕上的图像，并切换到新屏幕""" screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color) ship.blitme() # 绘制所有子弹 for bullet in bullets.sprites(): bullet.draw_bullet() aliens.draw(screen) # 绘制外星人 # 如果游戏处于非活动状态，绘制Play按钮 if not stats.game_active: play_button.draw_button() # 让最近绘制的屏幕可见 pygame.display.flip() def update_bullets(aliens, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets): bullets.update() # 删除已消失的子弹 for bullet in bullets.copy(): # 使用副本，避免在删除元素后迭代过程产生错误 if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0: bullets.remove(bullet) check_bullet_alien_collision(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets) def check_bullet_alien_collision(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens, bullets): # 检查是否有子弹击中了外星人，如果是则删除相应的子弹和外星人 collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets, aliens, True, True) if len(aliens) == 0: bullets.empty() create_fleet(ai_settings, ship, screen, aliens) def fire_bullets(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets): """如果还没有到达极限，就发射一颗子弹""" if len(bullets) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed: new_bullet = Bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship) bullets.add(new_bullet) def create_fleet(ai_settings, ship, screen, aliens): """创建外星人群""" alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen) number_alien_x = get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien.rect.width) number_rows = get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship.rect.height, alien.rect.height) # 创建第一行外星人 for row_number in range(number_rows): for alien_number in range(number_alien_x): create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number) def get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien_width): """计算一行能容下多少外星人""" available_space_x = ai_settings.screen_width - (2 * alien_width) number_alien_x = available_space_x // (2 * alien_width) # 向下取整的整数除法 return number_alien_x def get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship_height, alien_height): """计算可容纳多少行外星人""" available_space_y = (ai_settings.screen_height - (3 * alien_height) - ship_height) number_rows = int(available_space_y/(2 * alien_height)) return number_rows def create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number): """创建单个外星人""" alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen) alien_width = alien.rect.width alien.x = alien_width + 2 * alien_width * alien_number alien.rect.x = alien.x alien.rect.y = alien.rect.height + 2 * alien.rect.height * row_number aliens.add(alien) def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens): """有外星人到达边缘时采取相应的措施""" for alien in aliens.sprites(): if alien.check_edges(): change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens) break def change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens): """将整群外星人下移，并改变他们的方向""" for alien in aliens.sprites(): alien.rect.y += ai_settings.fleet_drop_speed ai_settings.fleet_direction *= -1 def update_aliens(ai_settings, ship, stats, screen, bullets, aliens): """检查是否有外星人位于屏幕边缘，更新重新调整外星人的位置""" check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens) aliens.update() # 检测外星人和飞船之间的碰撞 if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(ship, aliens): ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, ship, screen, aliens, bullets) # 检查是否有外星人到达屏幕底端 check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets) def ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, ship, screen, aliens, bullets): """响应被外星人撞到的飞船""" if stats.ship_left > 0: # 将ship_left-1 stats.ship_left -= 1 # 清空外星人和子弹列表 aliens.empty() bullets.empty() # 创建一群新的外星人，并将飞船放到屏幕底端中央 create_fleet(ai_settings, ship, screen, aliens) ship.center_ship() # 暂停0.5秒 sleep(0.5) else: stats.game_active = False def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets): """检查是否有外星人到达屏幕底端""" screen_rect = screen.get_rect() for alien in aliens.sprites(): if alien.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom: # 进行处理 ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, ship, screen, aliens, bullets) break