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### MAX232资料MAX232AEWE.pdf串口必备知识详解 #### 一、总览 **MAX232资料MAX232AEWE.pdf**是关于MAX232系列芯片的重要文档，该系列芯片是专为满足EIA/TIA-232E与V.28/V.24通信接口标准设计的一类线路驱动器/接收器。文档重点介绍了MAX220至MAX249这一家族中的产品特性及其应用领域，尤其强调了在缺乏±12V供电条件下的使用场景。 #### 二、核心功能与优势 ##### 1. **高级特性超越传统双极性设计** - **单+5V电源供电**：大多数型号支持仅由+5V供电运行，而MAX231/MAX239则可同时使用+5V和+12V。 - **低功耗接收模式**：在关断状态下，某些型号如MAX223/MAX242能够显著降低功耗，适合于电池供电系统中减少能耗。 - **符合EIA/TIA-232E及V.28标准**：所有型号均满足或超过这些标准的要求。 - **多通道驱动器与接收器**：支持多个数据通道，增强了其在复杂通信网络中的实用性。 - **三态输出驱动器与接收器**：允许通过外部逻辑控制输出状态，从而实现更为灵活的数据传输管理。 - **开放线路检测**：某些型号如MAX243具备开放线路检测功能，可以自动识别线路状态。 ##### 2. **应用范围广泛** - **便携式计算机**：在移动设备中提供可靠的通信接口解决方案。 - **低功耗调制解调器**：适用于需要长时间工作的低功耗设备。 - **接口转换**：用于不同通信协议间的无缝转换。 - **电池供电的RS-232系统**：特别适用于无稳定电源环境的应用场合。 - **多点RS-232网络**：支持多台设备之间的通信连接，扩展了通信范围。 #### 三、技术规格 ##### 1. **选型表格** | 型号 | 温度范围 | 封装类型 | |-------------------|--------------|-------------| | MAX220CPE | 0°C至+70°C | 16引脚塑料DIP | | MAX220CSE | 0°C至+70°C | 16引脚窄体SO | | MAX220CWE | 0°C至+70°C | 16引脚宽体SO | | MAX220C/D | 0°C至+70°C | 芯片 | | MAX220EPE | -40°C至+85°C | 16引脚塑料DIP | | MAX220ESE | -40°C至+85°C | 16引脚窄体SO | | MAX220EWE | -40°C至+85°C | 16引脚宽体SO | | MAX220EJE | -40°C至+85°C | 16引脚CERDIP | | MAX220MJE | -55°C至+125°C | 16引脚CERDIP | ##### 2. **型号特性对比** | 型号 | 供电电压 | 驱动器/接收器数量 | 外部电容值 (μF) | 关断模式下三态输出 | 数据速率 (kbps) | 特性描述 | |-----------|---------|------------------|----------------|--------------------|---------------|----------------------------------| | MAX220 | +5V | 2/2 | 4 | 0.1 | No | — | 120 | 超低功耗，业界标准引脚排列 | | MAX222 | +5V | 2/2 | 4 | 0.1 | Yes | — | 200 | 低功耗关断模式 | | MAX223 | +5V | 4/5 | 4 | 1.0(0.1) | Yes | ✔ | 120 | MAX213的升级版，关断模式下接收器保持激活 | | MAX241 | +5V | 2/2 | 2 | 1.0(0.1) | No | — | 120 | 支持在关断模式下接收器保持激活 | | MAX225 | +5V | 5/5 | 0 | — | Yes | ✔ | 120 | 提供SO封装 | | MAX230 | +5V | 5/0 | 4 | 1.0(0.1) | Yes | — | 120 | 提供五个驱动器，支持关断模式 | | MAX231 | +5V 和 | 2/2 | 2 | 1.0(0.1) | No | — | 120 | STA | #### 四、实际应用场景示例 1. **便携式计算机中的集成**：在笔记本电脑或平板电脑等移动设备中，使用MAX232系列芯片作为内置的RS-232接口，以便与其他设备进行串行通信。 2. **远程监控系统的构建**：在远程监测系统中，利用MAX232芯片将微控制器的TTL电平信号转换成RS-232电平信号，实现实时数据传输。 3. **工业自动化设备**：在工业现场，通过MAX232芯片实现PLC与上位机之间的可靠通信，确保生产过程的正常运行。 4. **家庭自动化系统**：在智能家居中，采用MAX232系列芯片搭建家庭自动化网络，实现家用电器之间的智能互联。 #### 五、结语 MAX232系列芯片以其卓越的性能和广泛的适用性，在电子工程领域占据了重要的位置。无论是对于专业设计人员还是业余爱好者而言，掌握MAX232的相关知识和技术都将极大提升其在项目开发中的竞争力。希望本文的介绍能够帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些强大的工具。

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General Description

The MAX220–MAX249 family of line drivers/receivers is

intended for all EIA/TIA-232E and V.28/V.24 communica-

tions interfaces, particularly applications where ±12V is

not available.

These parts are especially useful in battery-powered sys-

tems, since their low-power shutdown mode reduces

power dissipation to less than 5µW. The MAX225,

MAX233, MAX235, and MAX245/MAX246/MAX247 use

no external components and are recommended for appli-

cations where printed circuit board space is critical.

________________________Applications

Portable Computers

Low-Power Modems

Interface Translation

Battery-Powered RS-232 Systems

Multidrop RS-232 Networks

____________________________Features

Superior to Bipolar

♦ Operate from Single +5V Power Supply

(+5V and +12V—MAX231/MAX239)

♦ Low-Power Receive Mode in Shutdown

(MAX223/MAX242)

♦ Meet All EIA/TIA-232E and V.28 Specifications

♦ Multiple Drivers and Receivers

♦ 3-State Driver and Receiver Outputs

♦ Open-Line Detection (MAX243)

Ordering Information

Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet.

*Contact factory for dice specifications.

MAX220–MAX249

+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232

Drivers/Receivers

________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1

Selection Table

19-4323; Rev 10; 8/01

PART

MAX220CPE

MAX220CSE

MAX220CWE 0°C to +70°C

0°C to +70°C

TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE

16 Plastic DIP

16 Narrow SO

16 Wide SO

MAX220C/D 0°C to +70°C Dice*

MAX220EPE

MAX220ESE

MAX220EWE -40°C to +85°C

-40°C to +85°C

-40°C to +85°C 16 Plastic DIP

16 Narrow SO

16 Wide SO

MAX220EJE -40°C to +85°C 16 CERDIP

MAX220MJE -55°C to +125°C 16 CERDIP

Power No. of Nominal SHDN Rx

Part Supply RS-232 No. of Cap. Value & Three- Active in Data Rate

Number (V) Drivers/Rx Ext. Caps (µF) State SHDN (kbps) Features

MAX220 +5 2/2 4 0.1 No — 120 Ultra-low-power, industry-standard pinout

MAX222 +5 2/2 4 0.1 Yes — 200 Low-power shutdown

MAX223 (MAX213) +5 4/5 4 1.0 (0.1) Yes ✔ 120 MAX241 and receivers active in shutdown

MAX225 +5 5/5 0 — Yes ✔ 120 Available in SO

MAX230 (MAX200) +5 5/0 4 1.0 (0.1) Yes — 120 5 drivers with shutdown

MAX231 (MAX201) +5 and 2/2 2 1.0 (0.1) No — 120 Standard +5/+12V or battery supplies;

+7.5 to +13.2 same functions as MAX232

MAX232 (MAX202) +5 2/2 4 1.0 (0.1) No — 120 (64) Industry standard

MAX232A +5 2/2 4 0.1 No — 200 Higher slew rate, small caps

MAX233 (MAX203) +5 2/2 0 — No — 120 No external caps

MAX233A +5 2/2 0 — No — 200 No external caps, high slew rate

MAX234 (MAX204) +5 4/0 4 1.0 (0.1) No — 120 Replaces 1488

MAX235 (MAX205) +5 5/5 0 — Yes — 120 No external caps

MAX236 (MAX206) +5 4/3 4 1.0 (0.1) Yes — 120 Shutdown, three state

MAX237 (MAX207) +5 5/3 4 1.0 (0.1) No — 120 Complements IBM PC serial port

MAX238 (MAX208) +5 4/4 4 1.0 (0.1) No — 120 Replaces 1488 and 1489

MAX239 (MAX209) +5 and 3/5 2 1.0 (0.1) No — 120 Standard +5/+12V or battery supplies;

+7.5 to +13.2 single-package solution for IBM PC serial port

MAX240 +5 5/5 4 1.0 Yes — 120 DIP or flatpack package

MAX241 (MAX211) +5 4/5 4 1.0 (0.1) Yes — 120 Complete IBM PC serial port

MAX242 +5 2/2 4 0.1 Yes ✔ 200 Separate shutdown and enable

MAX243 +5 2/2 4 0.1 No — 200 Open-line detection simplifies cabling

MAX244 +5 8/10 4 1.0 No — 120 High slew rate

MAX245 +5 8/10 0 — Yes ✔ 120 High slew rate, int. caps, two shutdown modes

MAX246 +5 8/10 0 — Yes ✔ 120 High slew rate, int. caps, three shutdown modes

MAX247 +5 8/9 0 — Yes ✔ 120 High slew rate, int. caps, nine operating modes

MAX248 +5 8/8 4 1.0 Yes ✔ 120 High slew rate, selective half-chip enables

MAX249 +5 6/10 4 1.0 Yes ✔ 120 Available in quad flatpack package

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at

1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

MAX220–MAX249

+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232

Drivers/Receivers

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS—MAX220/222/232A/233A/242/243

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX220/222/232A/233A/242/243

= +5V ±10%, C1–C4 = 0.1µF‚ MAX220, C1 = 0.047µF, C2–C4 = 0.33µF, T

= T

MIN

to T

MAX

‚ unless otherwise noted.)

Note 1: Input voltage measured with T

OUT

in high-impedance state, SHDN or V

= 0V.

Note 2: For the MAX220, V+ and V- can have a maximum magnitude of 7V, but their absolute difference cannot exceed 13V.

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional

operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to

absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Supply Voltage (V

) ...............................................-0.3V to +6V

Input Voltages

..............................................................-0.3V to (V

- 0.3V)

(Except MAX220) ........................................................±30V

(MAX220).....................................................................±25V

OUT

(Except MAX220) (Note 1) .......................................±15V

OUT

(MAX220)...............................................................±13.2V

Output Voltages

OUT

...................................................................................±15V

OUT

.........................................................-0.3V to (V

+ 0.3V)

Driver/Receiver Output Short Circuited to GND.........Continuous

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

= +70°C)

16-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C)....842mW

18-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C)....889mW

20-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C) ..440mW

16-Pin Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/°C above +70°C) ...696mW

16-Pin Wide SO (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C)......762mW

18-Pin Wide SO (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C)......762mW

20-Pin Wide SO (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C)....800mW

20-Pin SSOP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C) ..........640mW

16-Pin CERDIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C).....800mW

18-Pin CERDIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C).....842mW

Operating Temperature Ranges

MAX2_ _AC_ _, MAX2_ _C_ _.............................0°C to +70°C

MAX2_ _AE_ _, MAX2_ _E_ _ ..........................-40°C to +85°C

MAX2_ _AM_ _, MAX2_ _M_ _.......................-55°C to +125°C

Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C

1.4 0.8Input Logic Threshold Low

UNITSMIN TYP MAXPARAMETER CONDITIONS

Input Logic Threshold High

All devices except MAX220 2 1.4

All except MAX220, normal operation 540

Logic Pull-Up/lnput Current

SHDN = 0V, MAX222/242, shutdown, MAX220

±0.01 ±1

µA

= 5.5V, SHDN = 0V, V

OUT

= ±15V, MAX222/242

±0.01 ±10

Output Leakage Current

= SHDN = 0V, V

OUT

= ±15V

±0.01 ±10

µA

200 116Data Rate kb/s

Transmitter Output Resistance V

= V+ = V- = 0V, V

OUT

= ±2V 300 10M Ω

Output Short-Circuit Current V

OUT

= 0V ±7 ±22 mA

RS-232 Input Voltage Operating Range ±30 V

All except MAX243 R2

0.8 1.3

RS-232 Input Threshold Low V

= 5V

MAX243 R2

(Note 2) -3

All except MAX243 R2

1.8 2.4

RS-232 Input Threshold High V

= 5V

MAX243 R2

(Note 2) -0.5 -0.1

All except MAX243, V

= 5V, no hysteresis in shdn. 0.2 0.5 1

RS-232 Input Hysteresis

MAX243 1

RS-232 Input Resistance 357kΩ

TTL/CMOS Output Voltage Low I

OUT

= 3.2mA 0.2 0.4 V

TTL/CMOS Output Voltage High I

OUT

= -1.0mA 3.5 V

- 0.2 V

Sourcing V

OUT

= GND -2 -10

mATTL/CMOS Output Short-Circuit Current

Shrinking V

OUT

= V

10 30

V±5 ±8Output Voltage Swing All transmitter outputs loaded with 3kΩ to GND

RS-232 TRANSMITTERS

RS-232 RECEIVERS

2.4MAX220: V

= 5.0V

MAX220–MAX249

+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232

Drivers/Receivers

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

Note 3: MAX243 R2

OUT

is guaranteed to be low when R2

is ≥ 0V or is floating.

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX220/222/232A/233A/242/243 (continued)

= +5V ±10%, C1–C4 = 0.1µF‚ MAX220, C1 = 0.047µF, C2–C4 = 0.33µF, T

= T

MIN

to T

MAX

‚ unless otherwise noted.)

Operating Supply Voltage

SHDN Threshold High

4.5 5.5 V

MAX222/242

Transmitter-Output Enable Time

(SHDN goes high), Figure 4

2.0 1.4 V

MAX220 0.5 2

No load

MAX222/232A/233A/242/243 410

MAX222/232A/233A/242/243 61230

MAX220 12

Supply Current (SHDN = V

Figures 5, 6, 11, 19

3kΩ load

both inputs

MAX222/232A/233A/242/243 15

Transition Slew Rate

= +25°C 0.1 10

= 50pF to 2500pF,

= 3kΩ to 7kΩ,

= 5V, T

= +25°C,

measured from +3V

to -3V or -3V to +3V

= 0°C to +70°C

CONDITIONS

250

MAX220 1.5 3 30

V/µs

= -40°C to +85°C 250

MAX222/242, 0.1µF caps

(includes charge-pump start-up)

Shutdown Supply Current MAX222/242

= -55°C to +125°C 35 100

µA

SHDN Input Leakage Current

MAX222/242 ±1 µA

SHDN Threshold Low

MAX222/242 1.4 0.8 V

250

MAX222/232A/233A/242/243 1.3 3.5

µs

PHLT

MAX220 410

Transmitter-Output Disable Time

(SHDN goes low), Figure 4

MAX222/232A/233A/242/243 1.5 3.5

Transmitter Propagation Delay

TLL to RS-232 (normal operation),

Figure 1

PLHT

MAX220 510

µs

V2.0 1.4

MAX222/242, 0.1µF caps

µA±0.05 ±10

600

TTL/CMOS Output Leakage Current

EN Input Threshold High

MAX222/232A/233A/242/243 0.5 1

PHLR

MAX220 0.6 3

PLHR

MAX222/232A/233A/242/243 0.6 1

Receiver Propagation Delay

RS-232 to TLL (normal operation),

Figure 2

PHLT

- t

PLHT

MAX220 0.8 3

µs

MAX222/232A/233A/242/243

PHLS

MAX242 0.5 10

Receiver Propagation Delay

RS-232 to TLL (shutdown), Figure 2

PLHS

MAX242 2.5 10

µs

Receiver-Output Enable Time, Figure 3 t

MAX242

UNITSMIN TYP MAX

125 500

PARAMETER

MAX242

SHDN = V

or EN = V

(SHDN = 0V for MAX222),

0V ≤ V

OUT

≤ V

Receiver-Output Disable Time, Figure 3 t

MAX242 160 500 ns

300

Transmitter + to - Propagation

Delay Difference (normal operation)

MAX220 2000

PHLR

- t

PLHR

MAX222/232A/233A/242/243 100

Receiver + to - Propagation

Delay Difference (normal operation)

MAX220 225

V1.4 0.8

EN Input Threshold Low

MAX242

MAX220–MAX249

+5V-Powered, Multichannel RS-232

Drivers/Receivers

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

...........................................................................-0.3V to +6V

V+ ................................................................(V

- 0.3V) to +14V

V- ............................................................................+0.3V to -14V

Input Voltages

............................................................-0.3V to (V

+ 0.3V)

......................................................................................±30V

Output Voltages

OUT

...................................................(V+ + 0.3V) to (V- - 0.3V)

OUT

.........................................................-0.3V to (V

+ 0.3V)

Short-Circuit Duration, T

OUT

......................................Continuous

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

= +70°C)

14-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C)....800mW

16-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C)....842mW

20-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C)....889mW

24-Pin Narrow Plastic DIP

(derate 13.33mW/°C above +70°C) ..........1.07W

24-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C)......500mW

16-Pin Wide SO (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C).........762mW

20-Pin Wide SO (derate 10 00mW/°C above +70°C).......800mW

24-Pin Wide SO (derate 11.76mW/°C above +70°C).......941mW

28-Pin Wide SO (derate 12.50mW/°C above +70°C) .............1W

44-Pin Plastic FP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C) .....889mW

14-Pin CERDIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C) ..........727mW

16-Pin CERDIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C) ........800mW

20-Pin CERDIP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C) ........889mW

24-Pin Narrow CERDIP

(derate 12.50mW/°C above +70°C) ..............1W

24-Pin Sidebraze (derate 20.0mW/°C above +70°C)..........1.6W

28-Pin SSOP (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C).............762mW

Operating Temperature Ranges

MAX2 _ _ C _ _......................................................0°C to +70°C

MAX2 _ _ E _ _...................................................-40°C to +85°C

MAX2 _ _ M _ _ ...............................................-55°C to +125°C

Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS—MAX223/MAX230–MAX241

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX223/MAX230–MAX241

(MAX223/230/232/234/236/237/238/240/241, V

= +5V ±10; MAX233/MAX235, V

= 5V ±5%‚ C1–C4 = 1.0µF; MAX231/MAX239,

= 5V ±10%; V+ = 7.5V to 13.2V; T

= T

MIN

to T

MAX

; unless otherwise noted.)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional

operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to

absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

CONDITIONS

MIN TYP MAX

UNITS

Output Voltage Swing All transmitter outputs loaded with 3kΩ to ground ±5.0 ±7.3 V

Power-Supply Current

No load,

= +25°C

510

mA715

0.4 1

V+ Power-Supply Current