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345 East 47th Street

New York, NY 10017, USA

This is an unapproved draft of a proposed IEEE Standard, subject to change. Permission is hereby granted for

IEEE Standards Committee participants to reproduce this document for purposes of IEEE standardization ac-

tivities. If this document is to be submitted to ISO or IEC, notification shall be given to the IEEE Copyright Ad-

ministrator. Permission is also granted for member bodies and technical committees of ISO and IEC to

reproduce this document for purposes of developing a national position. Other entities seeking permission to

reproduce this document for standardization or other activities, or to reproduce portions of this document for

these or other uses must contact the IEEE Standards Department for the appropriate license.

Use of information contained in this unapproved draft is at your own risk.

IEEE Standards Department

445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331

Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA

Draft 1.3 IEEE P1596.3-1995

Draft Standard for Low-Voltage

Differential Signals (LVDS) for

Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI)

Draft 1.3

November 27, 1995

Sponsor



Microprocessor and Microcomputer Standards Subcommittee

of the IEEE Computer Society

Abstract:



The IEEE Std 1596-1992 Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) provides computer-bus-like



services but uses a collection of fast point-to-point links instead of a physical bus in order to reach



far higher speeds. The base specification defines differential ECL signals, which provide a high



transfer rate (16 bits are transferred every 2 ns), but are inconvenient for some applications.



This extension to the SCI standard defines a lower-voltage differential signal (as low as 250 mV



swing) that is compatible with low-voltage CMOS, BiCMOS, and GaAs circuitry. The power dissi-



pation of the transceivers is low, since only 2.5 mA is needed to generate this differential voltage



across a 100



Ω



termination resistance.

Signal encoding is defined that allows transfer of SCI packets over data paths that are 4, 8, 32, 64,



and 128 bits wide. Narrow data paths (4 to 8 bits) transferring data every 2 ns can provide suffi-



cient bandwidth for many applications while reducing the physical size and cost of the interface.



The wider paths may be needed for very-high-performance systems.



Keywords:

backplane, bus, cable, differential, low-power, low-voltage, point-to-point, scalable,



signal



Cop





This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change.

IEEE Standards



documents are developed within the Technical Committees of the IEEE Societies and the

Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Board. Members of the committees serv

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e volun-

tarily and without compensation.



They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The standards developed

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

xpertise on the subject within the Institute as well as those

acti



vities outside of IEEE that have expressed an interest in participating in the development of the standard.

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

oluntary. The existence of an IEEE Standard does not imply that there

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

ays to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services related to

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velopments in the state of the art and comments

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alue, do not wholly reﬂect the present state of

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xt, together with appropriate supporting comments.

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garding the meaning of portions of standards as they

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When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention of IEEE, the

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or this reason IEEE and the members of its technical committees are not able to pro-

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xcept in those cases where the matter has previously

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Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to:

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Secretary

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, IEEE Standards Board

445 Hoes Lane

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

.O. Box 1331

Piscata

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way, NJ 08855-1331

USA

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IEEE Standards documents are adopted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics

Engineers without regard to whether their adoption may involve patents on articles,

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wner, nor does it assume an y obligation whatever to parties adopting the standards

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

Cop



This is an unappro



ved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change. iii

Introduction

(This introduction is not a part of IEEE P1596.3-1995, IEEE STANDARD FOR LOW-VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL SIGNALS FOR SCI.)

The demand for more processing po



wer continues to increase, and apparently has no limit. One can usefully

saturate the resources of an



y computer by merely specifying a ﬁner mesh or higher resolution for the solu-

tion to a physical problem such as hydrodynamics or 3-D graphics.



This demand leads engineers and scien-

tists in a desperate search for more po



werful and faster computers.



o economically obtain this kind of computing po wer, it seems necessary to use a lar ge number of proces-

sors cooperati



vely. This cooperation is provided by the Scalable Coherent Interface, a high-speed packet

transmission protocol that ef



ﬁciently provides the functionality of bus-like transactions (read, write, lock,

etc.). Ho



wever, the initial physical implementations are based on ECL signal levels, which consume more



wer than is practical in the low-cost workstation environment. The initial speciﬁcation’s 1 Gbyte per sec-

ond bandwidth (16-bit data path) may be o



verly expensive in the workstation environment. It may be more

cost ef



fective to use a narrower data path of sufﬁcient bandwidth. The combination of a high speed transmis-

sion en



vironment and efﬁcient protocols can provide the link for multiple processors to cooperate in a lo w

cost w



orkstation environment.

The initial de



velopers of this standard came from the IEEE Std 1596 Scalable Coherent Interf ace project.

The ECL signal le



vels deﬁned there were to get the standard implemented quickly and are practical for high-

performance applications.



They are less well suited, however, to using SCI in low-cost workstations. The



vious low cost solution is to integrate the transceivers into the controller and implement both in CMOS.

This inte



gration will satisfy the space and power requirements of the workstation and personal computing

mark

et.

entually, a lower voltage swing will be needed in order to get higher speeds than ECL signal levels can

pro



vide. This standard can provide the basis for increasing parallel signal switching frequency into the GHz

range.



Stephen K



empainen, Chairman

Comments on this draft should be addressed to the chair of the w



orking group:

Stephen K



empainen

National Semiconductor

2900 Semiconductor Dri

ve M/S E-2595

Santa Clara, CA 95052-8090



Phone: 408-721-2836



ax: 408-721-4785

Email: stephen@lightning.nsc.com

Questions on other Scalable Coherent Interf

ace projects should be addressed to the Chair of the IEEE Std

1596 Scalable Coherent Interface Working Group:

vid B. Gustavson

SCIzzL

1946 Fallen Leaf Lane

Los

(

Altos, CA 94024

Phone: 415-961-0305



ax: 415-961-3530

Email: dbg@sunrise.scu.edu

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