弃用了struts，用spring mvc框架做了几个项目，感觉都不错，而且使用了注解方式，可以省掉一大堆配置文件。本文主要介绍使用注解方式配置的spring mvc，之前写的spring3.0 mvc和rest小例子没有介绍到数据层的内容，现在这一篇补上。下面开始贴代码。
文中用的框架版本：spring 3,hibernate 3,没有的，自己上网下。
先说web.xml配置：
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01.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
02.<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
03. <display-name>s3h3</display-name>
04. <context-param>
05. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
06. <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
07. </context-param>
08. <listener>
09. <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
10. </listener>
11.
12. <servlet>
13. <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
14. <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
15. <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
16. </servlet>
17. <servlet-mapping>
18. <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <!-- 这里在配成spring,下边也要写一个名为spring-servlet.xml的文件，主要用来配置它的controller -->
19. <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
20. </servlet-mapping>
21. <welcome-file-list>
22. <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
23. </welcome-file-list>
24.</web-app>
spring-servlet,主要配置controller的信息
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01.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
02. <beans
03. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
04. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
05. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
06. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
07. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
08. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
09.
10. <context:annotation-config />
11. <!-- 把标记了@Controller注解的类转换为bean -->
12. <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.controller" />
13. <!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
14. <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
15.
16. <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，即在模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
17. <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
18. p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />
19.
20. <bean id="multipartResolver"
21. class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"
22. p:defaultEncoding="utf-8" />
23. </beans>
applicationContext.xml代码
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01.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
02.<beans
03. xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
04. xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
05. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
06. xsi:schemaLocation="
07. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
08. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
09. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
10. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
11.
12. <context:annotation-config />
13. <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc" /> <!-- 自动扫描所有注解该路径 -->
14.
15. <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/hibernate.properties" />
16.
17. <bean id="sessionFactory"
18. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
19. <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
20. <property name="hibernateProperties">
21. <props>
22. <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${dataSource.dialect}</prop>
23. <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${dataSource.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
24. <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
25. </props>
26. </property>
27. <property name="packagesToScan">
28. <list>
29. <value>com.mvc.entity</value><!-- 扫描实体类，也就是平时所说的model -->
30. </list>
31. </property>
32. </bean>
33.
34. <bean id="transactionManager"
35. class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
36. <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
37. <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
38. </bean>
39.
40. <bean id="dataSource"
41. class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
42. <property name="driverClassName" value="${dataSource.driverClassName}" />
43. <property name="url" value="${dataSource.url}" />
44. <property name="username" value="${dataSource.username}" />
45. <property name="password" value="${dataSource.password}" />
46. </bean>
47. <!-- Dao的实现 -->
48. <bean id="entityDao" class="com.mvc.dao.EntityDaoImpl">
49. <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
50. </bean>
51. <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
52. <tx:annotation-driven mode="aspectj"/>
53.
54. <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
55.</beans>
hibernate.properties数据库连接配置
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01.dataSource.password=123
02.dataSource.username=root
03.dataSource.databaseName=test
04.dataSource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
05.dataSource.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
06.dataSource.serverName=localhost:3306
07.dataSource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
08.dataSource.properties=user=${dataSource.username};databaseName=${dataSource.databaseName};serverName=${dataSource.serverName};password=${dataSource.password}
09.dataSource.hbm2ddl.auto=update
配置已经完成，下面开始例子
先在数据库建表，例子用的是mysql数据库
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01.CREATE TABLE `test`.`student` (
02. `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
03. `name` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
04. `psw` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
05. PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
06.)
建好表后，生成实体类
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01.package com.mvc.entity;
02.
03.import java.io.Serializable;
04.
05.import javax.persistence.Basic;
06.import javax.persistence.Column;
07.import javax.persistence.Entity;
08.import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
09.import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
10.import javax.persistence.Id;
11.import javax.persistence.Table;
12.
13.@Entity
14.@Table(name = "student")
15.public class Student implements Serializable {
16. private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
17. @Id
18. @Basic(optional = false)
19. @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
20. @Column(name = "id", nullable = false)
21. private Integer id;
22. @Column(name = "name")
23. private String user;
24. @Column(name = "psw")
25. private String psw;
26. public Integer getId() {
27. return id;
28. }
29. public void setId(Integer id) {
30. this.id = id;
31. }
32.
33. public String getUser() {
34. return user;
35. }
36. public void setUser(String user) {
37. this.user = user;
38. }
39. public String getPsw() {
40. return psw;
41. }
42. public void setPsw(String psw) {
43. this.psw = psw;
44. }
45.}
Dao层实现
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01.package com.mvc.dao;
02.
03.import java.util.List;
04.
05.public interface EntityDao {
06. public List<Object> createQuery(final String queryString);
07. public Object save(final Object model);
08. public void update(final Object model);
09. public void delete(final Object model);
10.}
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01.package com.mvc.dao;
02.
03.import java.util.List;
04.
05.import org.hibernate.Query;
06.import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateCallback;
07.import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
08.
09.public class EntityDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements EntityDao{
10. public List<Object> createQuery(final String queryString) {
11. return (List<Object>) getHibernateTemplate().execute(
12. new HibernateCallback<Object>() {
13. public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
14. throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {
15. Query query = session.createQuery(queryString);
16. List<Object> rows = query.list();
17. return rows;
18. }
19. });
20. }
21. public Object save(final Object model) {
22. return getHibernateTemplate().execute(
23. new HibernateCallback<Object>() {
24. public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
25. throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {
26. session.save(model);
27. return null;
28. }
29. });
30. }
31. public void update(final Object model) {
32. getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>() {
33. public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
34. throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {
35. session.update(model);
36. return null;
37. }
38. });
39. }
40. public void delete(final Object model) {
41. getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>() {
42. public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)
43. throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {
44. session.delete(model);
45. return null;
46. }
47. });
48. }
49.}
Dao在applicationContext.xml注入
<bean id="entityDao" class="com.mvc.dao.EntityDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
Dao只有一个类的实现，直接供其它service层调用，如果你想更换为其它的Dao实现，也只需修改这里的配置就行了。
开始写view页面，WEB-INF/view下新建页面student.jsp，WEB-INF/view这路径是在spring-servlet.xml文件配置的，你可以配置成其它，也可以多个路径。student.jsp代码
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01.<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
02. pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
03.<%@ include file="/include/head.jsp"%>
04.<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
05.<html>
06.<head>
07.<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
08.<title>添加</title>
09.<mce:script language="javascript" src="<%=request.getContextPath()%><!--
10./script/jquery.min.js">
11.// --></mce:script>
12.<mce:style><!--
13.table{ border-collapse:collapse; }
14.td{ border:1px solid #f00; }
15.--></mce:style><style mce_bogus="1">table{ border-collapse:collapse; }
16.td{ border:1px solid #f00; }</style>
17.<mce:script type="text/javascript"><!--
18.function add(){
19. [removed].href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do?method=add";
20.}
21.
22.function del(id){
23.$.ajax( {
24. type : "POST",
25. url : "<%=request.getContextPath()%>/student.do?method=del&id;=" + id,
26. dataType: "json",
27. success : function(data) {
28. if(data.del == "true"){
29. alert("删除成功！");
30. $("#" + id).remove();
31. }
32. else{
33. alert("删除失败！");
34. }
35. },
36. error :function(){
37. alert("网络连接出错！");
38. }
39.});
40.}
41.// --></mce:script>
42.</head>
43.<body>
44.
45.<input id="add" type="button" value="添加"/>
46.<table >
47. <tr>
48. <td>序号</td>
49. <td>姓名</td>
50. <td>密码</td>
51. <td>操作</td>
52. </tr>
53. <c:forEach items="${list}" var="student">
54. <tr id="<c:out value="${student.id}"/>">
55. <td><c:out value="${student.id}"/></td>
56. <td><c:out value="${student.user}"/></td>
57. <td><c:out value="${student.psw}"/></td>
58. <td>
59. <input type="button" value="编辑"/>
60. <input type="button" value="${student.id}"/>')" value="删除"/>
61. </td>
62. </tr>
63. </c:forEach>
64.
65.</table>
66.</body>
67.</html>
student_add.jsp
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01.<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
02. pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
03.<%@ include file="/include/head.jsp"%>
04.<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
05.<html>
06.<head>
07.<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
08.<title>学生添加</title>
09.<mce:script type="text/javascript"><!--
10.function turnback(){
11. [removed].href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do";
12.}
13.// --></mce:script>
14.</head>
15.<body>
16.<form method="post" action="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do?method=save">
17.<div><c:out value="${addstate}"></c:out></div>
18.<table>
19. <tr><td>姓名</td><td><input id="user" name="user" type="text" /></td></tr>
20. <tr><td>密码</td><td><input id="psw" name="psw" type="text" /></td></tr>
21. <tr><td colSpan="2" align="center"><input type="submit" value="提交"/><input type="button" value="返回" /> </td></tr>
22.</table>
23.
24.</form>
25.</body>
26.</html>
controller类实现，只需把注解写上，spring就会自动帮你找到相应的bean，相应的注解标记意义，不明白的，可以自己查下@Service，@Controller，@Entity等等的内容。
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01.package com.mvc.controller;
02.
03.import java.util.List;
04.
05.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
06.import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
07.
08.import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
09.import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
10.import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
11.import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
12.import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
13.import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
14.import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
15.import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
16.import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
17.
18.import com.mvc.entity.Student;
19.import com.mvc.service.StudentService;
20.
21.@Controller
22.@RequestMapping("/student.do")
23.public class StudentController {
24. protected final transient Log log = LogFactory
25. .getLog(StudentController.class);
26. @Autowired
27. private StudentService studentService;
28. public StudentController(){
29.
30. }
31.
32. @RequestMapping
33. public String load(ModelMap modelMap){
34. List<Object> list = studentService.getStudentList();
35. modelMap.put("list", list);
36. return "student";
37. }
38.
39. @RequestMapping(params = "method=add")
40. public String add(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception{
41. return "student_add";
42. }
43.
44. @RequestMapping(params = "method=save")
45. public String save(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap modelMap){
46. String user = request.getParameter("user");
47. String psw = request.getParameter("psw");
48. Student st = new Student();
49. st.setUser(user);
50. st.setPsw(psw);
51. try{
52. studentService.save(st);
53. modelMap.put("addstate", "添加成功");
54. }
55. catch(Exception e){
56. log.error(e.getMessage());
57. modelMap.put("addstate", "添加失败");
58. }
59.
60. return "student_add";
61. }
62.
63. @RequestMapping(params = "method=del")
64. public void del(@RequestParam("id") String id, HttpServletResponse response){
65. try{
66. Student st = new Student();
67. st.setId(Integer.valueOf(id));
68. studentService.delete(st);
69. response.getWriter().print("{/"del/":/"true/"}");
70. }
71. catch(Exception e){
72. log.error(e.getMessage());
73. e.printStackTrace();
74. }
75. }
76.}
service类实现
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01.package com.mvc.service;
02.
03.import java.util.List;
04.
05.import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
06.import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
07.import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
08.
09.import com.mvc.dao.EntityDao;
10.import com.mvc.entity.Student;
11.
12.@Service
13.public class StudentService {
14. @Autowired
15. private EntityDao entityDao;
16.
17. @Transactional
18. public List<Object> getStudentList(){
19. StringBuffer sff = new StringBuffer();
20. sff.append("select a from ").append(Student.class.getSimpleName()).append(" a ");
21. List<Object> list = entityDao.createQuery(sff.toString());
22. return list;
23. }
24.
25. public void save(Student st){
26. entityDao.save(st);
27. }
28. public void delete(Object obj){
29. entityDao.delete(obj);
30. }
31.}
OK，例子写完。有其它业务内容，只需直接新建view，并实现相应comtroller和service就行了，配置和dao层的内容基本不变，也就是每次只需写jsp（view），controller和service调用dao就行了。
怎样，看了这个，spring mvc是不是比ssh实现更方便灵活。
spring_mvc.rar （88个子文件） 
.project 1KB
WebContent 
org.springframework.beans-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar 542KB
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