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OpenCV；图像处理

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Intel 图像处理库手册

Intel image processing library

By Somebody@smth

INTEL IMAGE PROCESSING LIBRARY.........................................................................................1

INTEL IMAGE PROCESSING LIBRARY.........................................................................................8

前言

...............................................................................................................................................8

命名规则 Naming Convention ....................................................................................................................8

函数名命名规则：......................................................................................................................................8

X-Y 方向顺序规则......................................................................................................................................8

图像结构

.......................................................................................................................................9

数据结构 .....................................................................................................................................................9

色彩模型.................................................................................................................................................9

数据类型和调色板.................................................................................................................................9

色彩通道的序列和顺序 .........................................................................................................................9

坐标系统...............................................................................................................................................10

ROI（感兴趣区域） ............................................................................................................................10

Alpha 通道............................................................................................................................................ 11

扫描线对齐...........................................................................................................................................11

图像尺度...............................................................................................................................................11

执行结构(Execution Architecture) ............................................................................................................11

处理下溢和上溢(handling Overflow and Underflow)..........................................................................11

当场和离场操作(in-place and Out-of-Place Operations) .....................................................................11

图像分块（Image Tiling）................................................................................................................... 11

ROI 和分解（ROI and Tiling）................................................................................................................12

当场操作和图象分解（In-Place Operation and Tiling） ....................................................................12

错误处理

.....................................................................................................................................13

错误处理函数............................................................................................................................................13

Error ......................................................................................................................................................13

GetErrStatus ..........................................................................................................................................14

GetErrMode...........................................................................................................................................14

ErrorStr..................................................................................................................................................15

RedirectError.........................................................................................................................................15

NullDevReport ......................................................................................................................................15

错误处理宏 ...............................................................................................................................................16

状态码 .......................................................................................................................................................16

表 3-1 IplError()状态码 s.....................................................................................................................16

错误处理范例............................................................................................................................................17

加入自己的错误处理函数........................................................................................................................19

图像建立和访问

.........................................................................................................................21

表 4-1 图像建立，数据交换和 Windows 位图函数。 .....................................................................21

图像的头和属性........................................................................................................................................22

表 4-2 图像头属性............................................................................................................................22

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Intel 图像处理库手册

IPL_DATA_ORDER_PIXEL................................................................................................................23

IPL_ALIGN_DWORD..........................................................................................................................23

IplImage 结构定义................................................................................................................................24

IplImage 结构中的图像分块域 ................................................................................................................24

IplTileInfo 结构 ........................................................................................................................................25

建立图像 ...................................................................................................................................................25

CreateImageHeader...............................................................................................................................25

AllocateImage，AllocateImageFP........................................................................................................27

DeallocateImage....................................................................................................................................28

CloneImage ...........................................................................................................................................28

Deallocate..............................................................................................................................................28

CheckImageHeader ...............................................................................................................................28

CreateImageJaehne................................................................................................................................29

设置感兴趣的区域（ROI）.....................................................................................................................30

IplROI 结构定义：...............................................................................................................................30

CreateROI..............................................................................................................................................30

DeleteROI..............................................................................................................................................31

SetROI...................................................................................................................................................31

图像边界和图像分块................................................................................................................................31

SetBoarderMode....................................................................................................................................31

CreateTileInfo........................................................................................................................................32

SetTileInfo.............................................................................................................................................33

DeleteTileInfo........................................................................................................................................33

内存申请函数............................................................................................................................................33

Malloc ...................................................................................................................................................33

wMalloc.................................................................................................................................................33

iMalloc ..................................................................................................................................................34

sMalloc..................................................................................................................................................34

dMalloc .................................................................................................................................................34

iplFree ...................................................................................................................................................34

图像数据交换............................................................................................................................................35

Set，SetFP ............................................................................................................................................35

Copy......................................................................................................................................................35

Exchange...............................................................................................................................................36

Convert..................................................................................................................................................37

PutPixel，SetPixel................................................................................................................................38

Scale......................................................................................................................................................39

ScaleFP..................................................................................................................................................39

NoiseImage............................................................................................................................................40

NoiseUniformInit，NoiseUniformInitFp..............................................................................................40

NoiseGaussianInit，NoisGaussianInitFp..............................................................................................40

在 Windows 设备无关位图环境下的兼容...............................................................................................41

TranslateDIB .........................................................................................................................................41

ConvertFromDIB...................................................................................................................................43

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Intel 图像处理库手册

ConvertFromDIBSep.............................................................................................................................45

ConvertToDIB.......................................................................................................................................45

ConvertToDIBSep.................................................................................................................................46

图像的数学和逻辑处理

...........................................................................................................47

表 5-1 图像的数学处理和逻辑操作...................................................................................................47

单对象数学操作........................................................................................................................................48

Adds，AddSFP.....................................................................................................................................48

SubtractS，SubtractSFP........................................................................................................................48

MultiplyS，MultiplySFP ......................................................................................................................48

MultiplySScale......................................................................................................................................48

Square....................................................................................................................................................49

Abs ........................................................................................................................................................49

双对象数学操作........................................................................................................................................49

Add........................................................................................................................................................49

Subtract .................................................................................................................................................49

Multiply.................................................................................................................................................50

MultiplyScale ........................................................................................................................................50

单对象逻辑操作........................................................................................................................................50

LshiftS...................................................................................................................................................50

RshiftS...................................................................................................................................................50

Not.........................................................................................................................................................51

AndS......................................................................................................................................................51

Ors.........................................................................................................................................................51

XorS ......................................................................................................................................................51

双对象逻辑操作........................................................................................................................................51

And........................................................................................................................................................52

Or ..........................................................................................................................................................52

Xor ........................................................................................................................................................52

基于透明度的图像融合............................................................................................................................52

使用预先求积的 Alpha 值........................................................................................................................53

AlphaComposite，AlphaCompositeC...................................................................................................53

表 5-2 图像融合的可选参数...............................................................................................................55

PreMultiplyAlpha..................................................................................................................................55

．图像滤波

..................................................................................................................................57

表 6-1 图像滤波函数...........................................................................................................................57

线性滤波器 ...............................................................................................................................................57

Blur........................................................................................................................................................57

二维卷积 ...................................................................................................................................................58

CreateConvKernel，CreateConvKernelChar，CreateConvKernelFP..................................................58

GetConvKernel，GetConvKernelChar，GetConvKernelFP................................................................59

DeleteConvKernel，DeleteConvKernelFP...........................................................................................60

Convolve2D，Convolve2DFP..............................................................................................................60

ConvolveSep2D，ConvolveSep2DFP..................................................................................................61

FixedFilter.............................................................................................................................................62

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Intel 图像处理库手册

非线性滤波器............................................................................................................................................63

MedianFilter..........................................................................................................................................63

ColorMedianFilter.................................................................................................................................64

MaxFilter...............................................................................................................................................65

MinFilter ...............................................................................................................................................65

．线性图像变换

..........................................................................................................................66

表 7-1 线性图像变换函数...................................................................................................................66

快速傅立叶变换........................................................................................................................................66

实部-虚部集成格式 ..................................................................................................................................66

表 7-2 FFT 在 K 为偶数时的输出，格式为 RCPack2D.....................................................................67

表 7-3 FFT 在 K 为奇数时的输出，格式为 RCPack2D.....................................................................67

表 7-4 当 K＝4，L＝4 的输出............................................................................................................67

RealFft2D..............................................................................................................................................67

CcsFft2D ...............................................................................................................................................69

MpyRCPack2D .....................................................................................................................................69

离散余弦变换............................................................................................................................................70

DCT2D..................................................................................................................................................70

．形态操作

..................................................................................................................................72

表 8-1 形态操作函数...........................................................................................................................72

Erode.....................................................................................................................................................72

Dilate.....................................................................................................................................................73

Open......................................................................................................................................................74

Close......................................................................................................................................................74

．色彩空间转换

..........................................................................................................................75

表 9-1 色彩空间转化函数...................................................................................................................75

降低图像的位分辨率................................................................................................................................75

ReduceBits ............................................................................................................................................75

表 9-2 源和输出图像类型...................................................................................................................77

将灰阶图像转为二值图像........................................................................................................................77

BitonalToGray.......................................................................................................................................77

将绝对色彩转化为调色板色彩................................................................................................................77

将彩色图像转为灰阶图像........................................................................................................................77

ColorToGray..........................................................................................................................................77

表 9-3 彩色转化为灰阶图像的输入和输出图像格式 .......................................................................78

将灰度图像转为彩色图像（伪彩色）....................................................................................................78

GrayToColor..........................................................................................................................................78

表 9-4 灰阶转化为伪彩色图像的输入和输出图像格式....................................................................78

色彩模式转化............................................................................................................................................79

在 HLS 和 HSV 图像模式中的数据范围.................................................................................................79

RGB2HSV.............................................................................................................................................79

HSV2RGB.............................................................................................................................................80

RGB2HLS.............................................................................................................................................80

HLS2RGB.............................................................................................................................................80

RGB2LUV ............................................................................................................................................80

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Intel 图像处理库手册

LUV2RGB ............................................................................................................................................80

RGB2XYZ ............................................................................................................................................80

XYZ2RGB ............................................................................................................................................81

RGB2YCRCB .......................................................................................................................................81

YCRCB2RGB .......................................................................................................................................81

RGB2YUV............................................................................................................................................81

YUV2RGB............................................................................................................................................82

YCC2RGB ............................................................................................................................................82

使用色彩扭曲矩阵....................................................................................................................................82

CreateColorTwist...................................................................................................................................82

SetColorTwist........................................................................................................................................83

ApplyColorTwist...................................................................................................................................83

DeleteColorTwist...................................................................................................................................84

ColorTwistFP.........................................................................................................................................84

．直方图，阈值和比较函数

....................................................................................................85

表 10－1 比较，阈值和直方图函数 ..................................................................................................85

阈值化 .......................................................................................................................................................85

Threshold...............................................................................................................................................85

查找表（LUT）和直方图操作 ................................................................................................................87

IplLUT 结构..........................................................................................................................................87

ContrastStretch......................................................................................................................................87

ComputeHisto........................................................................................................................................89

HistoEqualize ........................................................................................................................................89

比较图像 ...................................................................................................................................................90

Greater...................................................................................................................................................91

Less .......................................................................................................................................................91

Equal .....................................................................................................................................................91

EqualFPEps...........................................................................................................................................92

GreaterS.................................................................................................................................................92

GreaterSFP ............................................................................................................................................93

LessS .....................................................................................................................................................93

LessSFP.................................................................................................................................................93

EqualS...................................................................................................................................................94

EqualSFP...............................................................................................................................................94

EqualSFPEps.........................................................................................................................................94

．几何变换

................................................................................................................................96

表 11-1 图像几何变换函数和宏.........................................................................................................96

改变图像大小............................................................................................................................................97

Zoom.....................................................................................................................................................97

Decimate................................................................................................................................................97

DecimateBlur ........................................................................................................................................98

Resize....................................................................................................................................................98

iplZoomFit，iplDecimateFit，iplResizeFit..........................................................................................99

改变图像的方向........................................................................................................................................99

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