An Easy Reference for ALV Grid Control
Introduction
Here is the definition for ALV from SAPHelp:
“The ALV Grid control is a flexible tool for displaying lists. The tool provides common list operations as
generic functions and can be enhanced by self-defined options.”
The ALV Grid control is used to build non-hierarchical, interactive, and modern-design lists. As a
control, it is a component that is installed on the local PC.
The ALV Grid control provides typical list functions as sorting, filtering, summing, etc... while also
gives the opportunity to develop user functions where needed. It presents numerous interfaces like Excel
Inplace and Crystal Reports.
The wrapper class implemented to encapsulate ALV Grid functionality is “CL_GUI_ALV_GRID”.
There is another way to display lists with ALV utilizing “REUSE_ALV...” functions. However, that way is
not comprised in this tutorial.
Building Blocks
While preparing a list to be displayed via an ALV grid control, we have some basic components to
prepare. These are;
List data: Obviously, this is the data in an internal table to be listed. Standard ALV functions except
sorting makes just read access to the list data. However, sorting changes state of the internal table. The
internal table holding list data may be of any flat type. Deep types are only allowed when set for some
functionalities of ALV Grid.
Field Catalog:
We use another internal table to define specifications on how the fields of our list will be
displayed. This internal table is called the “field catalog”. The field catalog must comprise some technical
and additional information about display options for each column to be displayed. There are three
procedures to generate the field catalog as “Automatic generation”, “Semi-automatic generation”, and
“Manual generation”. The internal table for the field catalog must be referenced to the dictionary type
“LVC_T_FCAT”.
Layout Structure:
We fill a structure to specify general layout options for the grid. With this structure we
can set general display options, grid customizing, totals options, color adjustments etc... The layout
structure must be of type “LVC_S_LAYO”.
Event Handler:
We should define and implement an event handler class if we want to handle events
triggered by the ALV Grid instance. After creating ALV Grid instance, we must register an instance of this
event handler class to handle ALV Grid events.
Additional Data:
To trigger some additional features of ALV Grid we can have some additional data to
pass as parameters. For example, initial sorting criteria, buttons to be deactivated, etc...
General Scheme
Now, we can figure out a primitive scheme to prepare our ALV Grid. As a control object, ALV Grid
instance requires a container to be linked to the screen. Generally, an instance of the class
“cl_gui_custom_container” is used for this purpose. Instances of some other container classes such
as “cl_gui_docking_container”, “cl_gui_dialogbox_container” may also be used. In our
example we take a custom container. To create a custom container instance, we need a custom control
area on the screen.
Step 1Æ Add a custom control on the screen which will be related to the custom container. Let’s give
it the name ‘CC_ALV’.
Step 2 Æ Declare global variables to be used for ALV Grid.
*-- Global data definitions for ALV
*--- ALV Grid instance reference
© 2005 SAP AG 5
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ji_vicky2016-02-02初级教程，太好了。已经下载。。
