Network Working Group M. MacFaden
Request for Comments: 3512 Riverstone Networks, Inc.
Category: Informational D. Partain
Ericsson
J. Saperia
JDS Consulting, Inc.
W. Tackabury
Gold Wire Technology, Inc.
April 2003
Configuring Networks and Devices with
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
Status of this Memo
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does
not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this
memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.
Abstract
This document is written for readers interested in the Internet
Standard Management Framework and its protocol, the Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP). In particular, it offers guidance in the
effective use of SNMP for configuration management. This information
is relevant to vendors that build network elements, management
application developers, and those that acquire and deploy this
technology in their networks.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1. The Internet Standard Management Framework. . . . . . . . 3
1.2. Configuration and the Internet Standard Management
Frame-work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Using SNMP as a Configuration Mechanism. . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1. Transactions and SNMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2. Practical Requirements for Transactional Control. . . . . 6
2.3. Practices in Configuration--Verification. . . . . . . . . 7
3. Designing a MIB Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.1. MIB Module Design - General Issues. . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2. Naming MIB modules and Managed Objects. . . . . . . . . . 11
3.3. Transaction Control And State Tracking. . . . . . . . . . 12
MacFaden, et al. Informational [Page 1]
RFC 3512 Configuring Networks and Devices with SNMP April 2003
3.3.1. Conceptual Table Row Modification Practices. . . . 12
3.3.2. Fate sharing with multiple tables. . . . . . . . . 13
3.3.3. Transaction Control MIB Objects. . . . . . . . . . 14
3.3.4. Creating And Activating New Table Rows . . . . . . 15
3.3.5. Summary Objects and State Tracking . . . . . . . . 15
3.3.6. Optimizing Configuration Data Transfer . . . . . . 18
3.4. More Index Design Issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.4.1. Simple Integer Indexing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.4.2. Indexing with Network Addresses. . . . . . . . . . 23
3.5. Conflicting Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.6. Textual Convention Usage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.7. Persistent Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.8. Configuration Sets and Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.8.1. Operational Activation Considerations. . . . . . . 28
3.8.2. RowStatus and Deactivation . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.9. SET Operation Latency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.9.1. Subsystem Latency, Persistence Latency,
and Activation Latency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.10. Notifications and Error Reporting. . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.10.1. Identifying Source of Configuration Changes . . . 34
3.10.2. Limiting Unnecessary Transmission of
Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.10.3. Control of Notification Subsystem . . . . . . . . 36
3.11 Application Error Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.12 Designing MIB Modules for Multiple Managers . . . . . . . 37
3.13 Other MIB Module Design Issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.13.1. Octet String Aggregations . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.13.2 Supporting multiple instances of a MIB Module. . . 40
3.13.3 Use of Special Optional Clauses. . . . . . . . . . 41
4. Implementing SNMP Configuration Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4.1. Operational Consistency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4.2. Handling Multiple Managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.3. Specifying Row Modifiability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.4. Implementing Write-only Access Objects. . . . . . . . . . 44
5. Designing Configuration Management Software. . . . . . . . . . 44
5.1. Configuration Application Interactions
with Managed Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
5.1.1. SET Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
5.1.2. Configuration Transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
5.1.3. Tracking Configuration Changes . . . . . . . . . . 47
5.1.4. Scalability of Data Retrieval. . . . . . . . . . . 48
6. Deployment and Security Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
6.1. Basic assumptions about Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 48
6.2. Secure Agent Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
6.3. Authentication Notifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
6.4. Sensitive Information Handling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
7. Policy-based Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
7.1. What Is the Meaning of 'Policy-based' . . . . . . . . . . 51
MacFaden, et al. Informational [Page 2]
RFC 3512 Configuring Networks and Devices with SNMP April 2003
7.2. Organization of Data in an SNMP-Based Policy System . . . 53
7.3. Information Related to Policy-based Configuration . . . . 54
7.4. Schedule and Time Issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
7.5. Conflict Detection, Resolution and Error Reporting. . . . 56
7.5.1. Changes to Configuration Outside of the
Policy System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
7.6. More about Notifications in a Policy System . . . . . . . 57
7.7. Using Policy to Move Less Configuration Data. . . . . . . 57
8. Example MIB Module With Template-based Data. . . . . . . . . . 58
8.1. MIB Module Definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
8.2. Notes on MIB Module with Template-based Data. . . . . . . 73
8.3. Examples of Usage of the MIB . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 74
9. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 77
10. Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
11. Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
12. Informative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
13. Intellectual Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
14. Editors' Addresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
15. Full Copyright Statement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
1. Introduction
1.1. The Internet Standard Management Framework
The Internet Standard Management Framework has many components. The
purpose of this document is to describe effective ways of applying
those components to the problems of configuration management.
For reference purposes, the Internet Standard Management Framework
presently consists of five major components:
o An overall architecture, described in RFC 3411 [1].
o Mechanisms for desc
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net-snmp开发包 (1788个子文件)
snmpinform.1 20B
netsnmp_mib_utilities.3 52KB
netsnmp_handler.3 35KB
netsnmp_util.3 22KB
netsnmp_library.3 22KB
netsnmp_snmp_agent.3 22KB
netsnmp_table_dataset.3 19KB
netsnmp_table_data.3 16KB
netsnmp_table.3 15KB
netsnmp_tdata.3 15KB
netsnmp_cache_handler.3 15KB
netsnmp_read_config.3 13KB
netsnmp_snmp_session.3 13KB
netsnmp_data_list.3 13KB
netsnmp_instance.3 12KB
netsnmp_table_iterator.3 11KB
netsnmp_agent_registry.3 11KB
netsnmp_agent_trap.3 10KB
netsnmp_oid_stash.3 9KB
netsnmp_snmp_pdu.3 9KB
netsnmp_snmp_logging.3 9KB
netsnmp_variable_list.3 9KB
netsnmp_default_store.3 8KB
netsnmp_table_container.3 8KB
netsnmp_asn1_packet_parse.3 8KB
netsnmp_table_array.3 6KB
netsnmp_callback.3 6KB
netsnmp_stash_cache.3 6KB
netsnmp_snmp_client.3 6KB
netsnmp_row_merge.3 6KB
netsnmp_netsnmp_iterator_info_s.3 5KB
netsnmp_old_api.3 5KB
netsnmp_debug.3 5KB
netsnmp_netsnmp_handler_registration_s.3 5KB
netsnmp_table_maintenance.3 5KB
netsnmp_netsnmp_mib_handler_s.3 4KB
netsnmp_scalar.3 4KB
netsnmp_netsnmp_request_info_s.3 4KB
netsnmp_table_iterator.h.3 4KB
netsnmp_mib_maintenance.3 3KB
netsnmp_watcher.3 3KB
netsnmp_table_rows.3 3KB
netsnmp_serialize.3 3KB
netsnmp_mode_end_call.3 3KB
netsnmp_bulk_to_next.3 3KB
netsnmp_table_indexes.3 3KB
netsnmp_netsnmp_table_registration_info_s.3 2KB
netsnmp_set_data.3 2KB
netsnmp_multiplexer.3 2KB
netsnmp_read_only.3 2KB
netsnmp_iterator_info_s.3 2KB
netsnmp_netsnmp_table_request_info_s.3 2KB
netsnmp_utilities.3 2KB
netsnmp_baby_steps.3 2KB
netsnmp_Container_iterator.3 2KB
netsnmp_stash_to_next.3 1KB
netsnmp_netsnmp_data_list_s.3 1KB
netsnmp_leaf.3 1KB
netsnmp_example_scalar_int.3 1KB
netsnmp_netsnmp_agent_request_info_s.3 1KB
netsnmp_netsnmp_column_info_t.3 960B
netsnmp_agent.3 945B
netsnmp_table_generic.3 895B
netsnmp_scalar_group_group.3 704B
netsnmp_snmp_alarm.3 678B
netsnmp_netsnmp_mib_handler_access_methods.3 494B
netsnmp_netsnmp_mib_handler_methods.3 461B
netsnmp_mib_handler_methods.3 422B
netsnmp_container.3 240B
snmp_sess_select_info.3 25B
snmp_sess_close.3 25B
snmp_sess_init.3 25B
snmp_sess_async_send.3 25B
snmp_sess_error.3 25B
snmp_sess_send.3 25B
snmp_sess_timeout.3 25B
snmp_sess_read.3 25B
snmp_sess_open.3 25B
snmp_sess_session.3 25B
snmp_free_pdu.3 20B
snmp_open.3 20B
snmp_perror.3 20B
snmp_select_info.3 20B
snmp_close.3 20B
snmp_timeout.3 20B
snmp_error.3 20B
snmp_send.3 20B
snmp_api_errstring.3 20B
snmp_sess_perror.3 20B
snmp_read.3 20B
snmp_set_mib_warnings.3 19B
add_module_replacement.3 19B
init_mib_internals.3 19B
get_module_node.3 19B
init_mib.3 19B
read_module.3 19B
add_mibdir.3 19B
read_objid.3 19B
shutdown_mib.3 19B
read_module_node.3 19B
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