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苹果公司iPhone人机界面设计规范
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苹果公司iPhone人机界面设计规范,按此设计可以增加可操作性,并提高APP审核通过率
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iOS Human Interface Guidelines
User Experience
2011-03-23
Apple Inc.
© 2011 Apple Inc.
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in
any form or by any means, mechanical,
electronic, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, without prior written permission of
Apple Inc., with the following exceptions: Any
person is hereby authorized to store
documentation on a single computer for
personal use only and to print copies of
documentation for personal use provided that
the documentation contains Apple’s copyright
notice.
The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Inc.
No licenses, express or implied, are granted
with respect to any of the technology described
in this document. Apple retains all intellectual
property rights associated with the technology
described in this document. This document is
intended to assist application developers to
develop applications only for Apple-labeled
computers.
Apple Inc.
1 Infinite Loop
Cupertino, CA 95014
408-996-1010
App Store is a service mark of Apple Inc.
iAd is a service mark of Apple Inc.
Apple, the Apple logo, AirPlay, Apple TV, Finder,
iPhone, iPod, iPod touch, iTunes, Keynote,
Logic, Mac, Mac OS, Numbers, Safari, Shake,
Spotlight, and Xcode are trademarks of Apple
Inc., registered in the United States and other
countries.
iPad, Multi-Touch, and Retina are trademarks
of Apple Inc.
IOS is a trademark or registered trademark of
Cisco in the U.S. and other countries and is used
under license.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or
its affiliates.
Even though Apple has reviewed this document,
APPLE MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION,
EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO
THIS DOCUMENT, ITS QUALITY, ACCURACY,
MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, THIS DOCUMENT IS
PROVIDED “AS IS,” AND YOU, THE READER, ARE
ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY
AND ACCURACY.
IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT,
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY
DEFECT OR INACCURACY IN THIS DOCUMENT, even
if advised of the possibility of such damages.
THE WARRANTY AND REMEDIES SET FORTH ABOVE
ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHERS, ORAL
OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. No Apple
dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make
any modification, extension, or addition to this
warranty.
Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation
of implied warranties or liability for incidental or
consequential damages, so the above limitation or
exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives
you specific legal rights, and you may also have
other rights which vary from state to state.
Contents
Introduction
Introduction 9
At a Glance 9
Great iOS Apps Embrace the Platform and HI Design Principles 9
Great App Design Begins with Some Clear Definitions 10
A Great User Experience Is Rooted in Your Attention to Detail 10
People Expect to Find iOS Technologies in the Apps They Use 10
All Apps Need at Least Some Custom Artwork 11
Chapter 1
Platform Characteristics 13
The Display Is Paramount, Regardless of Its Size 13
Device Orientation Can Change 14
Apps Respond to Gestures, Not Clicks 14
People Interact with One App at a Time 15
Preferences Are Available in Settings 16
Onscreen User Help Is Minimal 16
An App Has a Single Window 17
Two Types of Software Run in iOS 17
Safari on iOS Provides the Web Interface 18
Chapter 2
Human Interface Principles 21
Aesthetic Integrity 21
Consistency 21
Direct Manipulation 22
Feedback 22
Metaphors 22
User Control 23
Chapter 3
App Design Strategies 25
Create an Application Definition Statement 25
1. List All the Features You Think Users Might Like 25
2. Determine Who Your Users Are 26
3. Filter the Feature List Through the Audience Definition 26
4. Don’t Stop There 26
Design the App for the Device 27
Embrace iOS UI Paradigms 27
Ensure that Universal Apps Run Well on Both iPhone and iPad 28
Reconsider Web-Based Designs 28
Tailor Customization to the Task 29
3
2011-03-23 | © 2011 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Prototype and Iterate 31
Chapter 4
Case Studies: Transitioning to iOS 33
From Mail on the Desktop to Mail on iPhone 33
From Keynote on the Desktop to Keynote on iPad 35
From Mail on iPhone to Mail on iPad 38
From a Desktop Browser to Safari on iOS 41
Chapter 5
User Experience Guidelines 47
Focus on the Primary Task 47
Elevate the Content People Care About 48
Think Top Down 48
Give People a Logical Path to Follow 48
Make Usage Easy and Obvious 49
Use User-Centric Terminology 50
Minimize the Effort Required for User Input 50
Downplay File-Handling Operations 51
Enable Collaboration and Connectedness 51
De-emphasize Settings 52
Brand Appropriately 53
Make Search Quick and Rewarding 53
Entice and Inform with a Well-Written Description 54
Be Succinct 55
Use UI Elements Consistently 55
Consider Adding Physicality and Realism 56
Delight People with Stunning Graphics 57
Handle Orientation Changes 58
Make Targets Fingertip-Size 60
Use Subtle Animation to Communicate 61
Support Gestures Appropriately 62
Ask People to Save Only When Necessary 63
Make Modal Tasks Occasional and Simple 63
Start Instantly 64
Always Be Prepared to Stop 65
Don’t Quit Programmatically 65
If Necessary, Display a License Agreement or Disclaimer 65
For iPad: Enhance Interactivity (Don’t Just Add Features) 66
For iPad: Reduce Full-Screen Transitions 66
For iPad: Restrain Your Information Hierarchy 67
For iPad: Consider Using Popovers for Some Modal Tasks 69
For iPad: Migrate Toolbar Content to the Top 70
4
2011-03-23 | © 2011 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
CONTENTS
Chapter 6
iOS Technology Usage Guidelines 71
Multitasking 71
Printing 73
iAd Rich Media Ads 74
Quick Look Document Preview 79
Sound 80
Understand User Expectations 80
Define the Audio Behavior of Your App 81
Manage Audio Interruptions 85
Handle Media Remote Control Events, if Appropriate 86
VoiceOver and Accessibility 87
Edit Menu 88
Undo and Redo 90
Keyboards and Input Views 91
Location Services 91
Local and Push Notifications 92
Chapter 7
iOS UI Element Usage Guidelines 97
Bars 97
The Status Bar 97
Navigation Bar 98
Toolbar 100
Tab Bar 101
Content Views 103
Popover (iPad Only) 103
Split View (iPad Only) 105
Table View 107
Text View 114
Web View 115
Alerts, Action Sheets, and Modal Views 115
Alert 116
Action Sheet 119
Modal View 121
Controls 124
Activity Indicator 124
Date and Time Picker 125
Detail Disclosure Button 126
Info Button 126
Label 127
Network Activity Indicator 127
Page Indicator 128
Picker 129
Progress View 129
Rounded Rectangle Button 130
5
2011-03-23 | © 2011 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
CONTENTS
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- Frank04272019-01-30很好,2011年3月版的原版英文文档。
franklin008
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