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1 Academic Phrasebank 2015b enhanced edition 2.pdf
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专治英文SCI写作的各种水土不服。 该文档是由曼彻斯特大学John Morley博士创办的,里面提供了各种丰富的SCI专用写作句型和短语,参考全来自于英语母语者的学术论文。通过他们的句型和短语加上你的灵魂注入,就可以成就一篇SCI了
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The Academic Phrasebank is a
general resource for academic
writers. It makes explicit the more
common phraseological ‘nuts and
bolts’ of academic writing.
Academic
Phrasebank
A compendium of commonly
used phrasal elements in
academic English in PDF format
2015b enhanced edition
Personal Copy
Dr John Morley
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PDF Download version
©2015 The University of Manchester
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Preface
The Academic Phrasebank is a general resource for academic writers. It aims to provide the
phraseological ‘nuts and bolts’ of academic writing organised according to the main sections of a
research paper or dissertation. Other phrases are listed under the more general communicative
functions of academic writing.
The resource was designed primarily for academic and scientific writers who are non-native speakers
of English. However, native writers may still find much of the material helpful. In fact, recent data
suggests that the majority of users are native speakers of English.
The phrases, and the headings under which they are listed, can be used simply to assist you in
thinking about the content and organisation of your own writing, or the phrases can be incorporated
into your writing where this is appropriate. In most cases, a certain amount of creativity and
adaptation will be necessary when a phrase is used.
The Academic Phrasebank is not discipline specific. Nevertheless, it should be particularly useful for
writers who need to report their empirical studies. The phrases are content neutral and generic in
nature; in using them, therefore, you are not stealing other people's ideas and this does not
constitute plagiarism.
Most of the phrases in this compendium have been organised according to the main sections of a
research report. However, it is an over-simplification to associate the phrases only with the section in
which they have been placed here. In reality, for example, many of phrases used for referring to
other studies may be found throughout a research report.
In the current PDF version, additional material, which is not phraseological, has been incorporated.
These additional sections should be helpful to you as a writer.
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Contents
About Academic Phrasebank
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Major Sections
Introducing work
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Referring to literature
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Describing methods
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Reporting results
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Discussing findings
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Writing conclusions
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General Functions
Being critical
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Being cautious
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Classifying and listing
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Compare and contrast
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Defining terms
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Describing trends
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Describing quantities
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Explaining causality
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Giving examples
as support
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Signalling transition
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Writing about the past
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Writing abstracts
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Notes on Academic Writing
Academic style
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Commonly confused words
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British and US spelling
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Punctuation
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Using articles
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Sentence structure
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Paragraph structure
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Helpful tips for writers
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