非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它是指在句子中不作谓语，但具有动词特征的成分，通常包括动词不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词（过去分词done，现在分词doing）。这个测试主要考察了非谓语动词的各种用法，如作定语、状语、宾语补足语等。
1. "Mrs.White showed her students some old maps borrowed from the library." 这里的 "borrowed" 是过去分词作后置定语，修饰 "maps"，表示 "被图书馆借出的" 地图。
2. "Seen from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees." "Seen" 是过去分词短语作状语，表示被动关系，意味着 "从塔顶看去"。
3. "His first book to be published next month is based on a true story." "to be published" 是不定式作定语，表示将来的动作，即 "即将出版的" 书。
4. "Though surprised to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome." "surprised" 是过去分词作状语，表示教授的状态，即 "尽管见到我们感到惊讶"。
5. "We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition." "to find" 是不定式作原因状语，表示 "惊讶的原因"。
6. "Alexander tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles." "recognized" 是过去分词，构成 "get + 宾语 + 过去分词" 结构，表示使工作被认可。
7. "Looking at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes." "Looking" 是现在分词作伴随状语，表示主语正在进行的动作。
8. "The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and weighing less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat." "weighing" 是现在分词作伴随状语，说明孩子们的状态。
9. "The next thing he saw was smoke rising from behind the house." "rising" 是现在分词作后置定语，修饰 "smoke"，表示 "正在升起的" 烟雾。
10. "Sarah pretended to be cheerful, saying nothing about the argument." "saying" 是现在分词作伴随状语，表示 Sarah 的同时进行的动作。
11-15 题目继续考察了非谓语动词的用法，例如用于目的状语、条件状语、原因状语等。
16. "Offered an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous." "Offered" 是过去分词短语作原因状语，表示 Andy 被提供了角色。
17. "Michael put up a picture of Yang Liwei, admiring (admire) him as a national hero." 这里 "admiring" 是现在分词作伴随状语，表明 Michael 对杨利伟的敬仰。
通过这些题目，我们可以看出非谓语动词在句子中起着多种作用，可以表达主动或被动，表示时间、原因、条件等。熟练掌握非谓语动词的运用对于提高英语水平至关重要，尤其在阅读理解、写作和翻译中都十分关键。
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