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eCognition用户指南
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eCognition是一款用来处理遥感图像的德国软件,有强大的图像分析功能。此说明为英文版,详细介绍此软件功能。
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Definiens
eCognition Developer 8
User Guide
Definiens eCognition Developer 8 – User Guide
2
Imprint and Version
Document Version 1.2.0
Copyright © 2009 Definiens AG. All rights reserved.
This document may be copied and printed only in accordance with the terms of the Frame License
Agreement for End Users of the related Definiens software.
Published by
Definiens AG
Trappentreustr. 1
D-80339 München
Germany
Phone +49-89-231180-0
Fax +49-89-231180-90
Web www.definiens.com
Dear User,
Thank you for using Definiens software. We appreciate being of service to you with image intelligence
solutions.
At Definiens we constantly strive to improve our products. We therefore appreciate all comments and
suggestions for improvements concerning our software, training, and documentation.
Feel free to contact us via the web form on the Definiens website: www.definiens.com/support
Thank you.
Legal Notes
Definiens®, Definiens Cellenger® and Definiens Cognition Network Technology® are registered
trademarks of Definiens AG in Germany and other countries. Cognition Network Technology™,
Definiens eCognition®, Enterprise Image Intelligence™, Definiens Enterprise Image Intelligence® and
Understanding Images® are trademarks of Definiens AG in Germany and other countries.
All other product names, company names, and brand names mentioned in this document may be
trademark properties of their respective holders.
Protected by patents US6091852, US6229920, US7117131, US6738513, US6832002, US7523079,
US7437004, US7574053, US7523115, US7523414, US7146380,, WO9627848, WO9741529, WO9802845,
WO9923603, EP0858051, EP0863485, WO0054176, WO0060497, WO0063788, WO0145033,
WO0171577, WO0175574, WO0205198, WO2004090808, WO2004036337.
Acknowledgements
Portions of this product are based in part on 3rd party software components.
Definiens Developer XD: copyright (c) 1995 – 2008 Definiens AG, Trappentreustraße 1, 80339 Munich,
Germany. All rights reserved.
The Visualisation Toolkit (VTK): copyright (c) 1993 – 2006 Ken Martin, Will Schroeder, Bill Lorensen. All
rights reserved.
Insight Segmentation and Registration Toolkit (ITK): copyright (c) 1999 – 2003 Insight Software
Consortium. All rights reserved.
Definiens eCognition Developer 8 – User Guide
3
Table of Contents
1 Introduction .............................................................................................................8
1.1 The eCognition 8 Product Suite .....................................................................................8
1.2 What's new in Definiens eCognition Developer 8? .................................................8
2 Key Concepts ..........................................................................................................10
2.1 Image Layer........................................................................................................................ 10
2.2 Image Data Set.................................................................................................................. 10
2.3 Segmentation and classification................................................................................. 10
2.4 Image Objects, Hierarchies and Domains................................................................ 10
2.4.1 Image Objects.................................................................................................. 10
2.4.2 Image Object Hierarchy................................................................................ 11
2.4.3 Image Object Domain................................................................................... 11
2.5 Scenes, Maps, Projects and Workspaces .................................................................. 12
2.5.1 Scenes................................................................................................................. 12
2.5.2 Maps and Projects .......................................................................................... 12
2.5.3 Workspaces....................................................................................................... 13
3 Using eCognition Developer in Quick Map Mode...............................................14
3.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 14
3.2 Workflow............................................................................................................................. 14
3.2.1 Workflow 1: Starting With New Data ....................................................... 14
3.2.2 Workflow 2: Building on an Existing Project.......................................... 15
3.3 GUI Framework ................................................................................................................. 15
3.3.1 Building a Solution......................................................................................... 15
3.3.2 Loading and Saving Analysis Settings as Solutions ............................ 15
3.4 Using Segmentation Actions........................................................................................ 16
3.4.1 Segmentation (Quadtree)............................................................................ 16
3.4.2 Segmentation (Multiresolution)................................................................ 17
3.4.3 Segmentation (Merge Objects).................................................................. 19
3.5 Using Classification Actions.......................................................................................... 19
3.5.1 Classification (Optimal Box Classifier)...................................................... 20
3.5.2 Classification (Clutterremoval)................................................................... 21
3.5.3 Classification (Nearest Neighbor).............................................................. 23
3.5.4 Classification (Brightness Threshold)....................................................... 24
3.6 Exporting Data .................................................................................................................. 24
3.6.1 Export (Points) ................................................................................................. 25
3.6.2 Export (Polygons) ........................................................................................... 25
4 Starting eCognition Developer 8..........................................................................26
4.1 Starting Multiple Definiens Clients............................................................................. 26
4.2 The Develop Rule Sets View ......................................................................................... 27
4.2.1 Customizing the Layout ............................................................................... 27
4.2.2 Splitting Windows .......................................................................................... 28
4.2.3 Magnifier ........................................................................................................... 29
4.2.4 Docking.............................................................................................................. 29
4.2.5 Developer Views ............................................................................................. 29
4.2.6 Image Layer Display....................................................................................... 32
4.2.7 Adding Text to an Image.............................................................................. 36
4.2.8 3D and 4D Viewing......................................................................................... 37
5 An Introductory Tutorial .......................................................................................42
5.1 Identifying Shapes ........................................................................................................... 42
5.1.1 Divide the Image Into Basic Objects......................................................... 42
5.1.2 Identifying the Background ........................................................................ 43
5.1.3 Shapes and Their Attributes........................................................................ 44
5.1.4 The Complete Rule Set.................................................................................. 46
Definiens eCognition Developer 8 – User Guide
4
6 Basic Rule Set Editing ............................................................................................47
6.1 Creating and Editing Processes in the Process Tree Window ........................... 47
6.1.1 Name................................................................................................................... 48
6.1.2 Algorithm .......................................................................................................... 48
6.1.3 Image Object Domain................................................................................... 48
6.1.4 Algorithm Parameters................................................................................... 48
6.2 Adding a Process.............................................................................................................. 48
6.2.1 Selecting and Configuring an Image Object Domain ........................ 48
6.2.2 Adding an Algorithm..................................................................................... 50
6.2.3 Loops & Cycles................................................................................................. 51
6.2.4 Executing a Process ....................................................................................... 51
6.2.5 Executing a Process on a Selected Object.............................................. 51
6.2.6 Parent and Child Processes ......................................................................... 52
6.2.7 Editing a Rule Set............................................................................................ 52
6.2.8 Undoing Edits .................................................................................................. 52
6.2.9 Deleting a Process or Rule Set.................................................................... 53
6.2.10 Editing Using Drag and Drop...................................................................... 53
6.3 Creating Image Objects Through Segmentation.................................................. 53
6.3.1 Top-down Segmentation............................................................................. 54
6.3.2 Bottom-up Segmentation............................................................................ 55
6.3.3 Segmentation by Reshaping Algorithms ............................................... 57
6.4 Object Levels and Segmentation................................................................................ 58
6.4.1 About Hierarchical Image Object Levels................................................. 58
6.4.2 Creating an Image Object Level ................................................................ 59
6.4.3 Creating Object Levels With Segmentation Algorithms ................... 60
6.4.4 Duplicating an Image Object Level .......................................................... 60
6.4.5 Editing an Image Object Level or Level Variable ................................. 60
6.4.6 Deleting an Image Object Level ................................................................ 61
6.5 Getting Information on Image Objects..................................................................... 62
6.5.1 The Image Object Information Window ................................................. 62
6.5.2 The Feature View Window........................................................................... 63
6.5.3 Editing the Feature Distance ...................................................................... 67
6.5.4 Comparing Objects Using the Image Object Table ............................ 68
6.5.5 Comparing Features Using the 2D Scatter Plot.................................... 69
6.5.6 Comparing Features Using the 2D Feature Space Plot...................... 70
6.5.7 Using Metadata and Features .................................................................... 71
6.6 Tutorials............................................................................................................................... 75
6.6.1 Comparing segmentation methods......................................................... 75
7 Projects and Workspaces ......................................................................................76
7.1 Creating a Simple Project.............................................................................................. 76
7.2 Creating a Project with Predefined Settings........................................................... 77
7.2.1 The Create Project Dialog Box.................................................................... 78
7.2.2 Editing Multidimensional Map Parameters ........................................... 79
7.2.3 Assigning No-Data Values ........................................................................... 80
7.2.4 Importing Image Layers of Different Scales........................................... 82
7.2.5 Geocoding......................................................................................................... 82
7.2.6 Multisource Data Fusion .............................................................................. 83
7.2.7 Working with LiDAR Files............................................................................. 83
7.3 Creating, Saving and Loading Workspaces............................................................. 84
7.3.1 Opening and Creating New Workspaces................................................ 85
7.3.2 Importing Scenes into a Workspace......................................................... 85
8 About Classification...............................................................................................89
8.1 Key Classification Concepts.......................................................................................... 89
8.1.1 Assigning Classes............................................................................................ 89
8.1.2 Class Descriptions and Hierarchies........................................................... 89
Definiens eCognition Developer 8 – User Guide
5
8.2 Classification Algorithms............................................................................................... 94
8.2.1 The Assign Class Algorithm......................................................................... 94
8.2.2 The Classification Algorithm....................................................................... 94
8.2.3 The Hierarchical Classification Algorithm .............................................. 94
8.2.4 Advanced Classification Algorithms ........................................................ 96
8.3 Thresholds .......................................................................................................................... 96
8.3.1 Using Thresholds with Class Descriptions.............................................. 96
8.3.2 About the Class Description........................................................................ 97
8.3.3 Using Membership Functions for Classification................................... 97
8.3.4 Evaluation Classes ........................................................................................102
8.4 Supervised Classification.............................................................................................103
8.4.1 Nearest Neighbor Classification ..............................................................103
8.4.2 Working with the Sample Editor .............................................................110
8.4.3 Training and Test Area Masks...................................................................115
8.4.4 The Edit Conversion Table.........................................................................116
8.4.5 Creating Samples Based on a Shapefile................................................117
8.4.6 Selecting Samples with the Sample Brush...........................................119
8.4.7 Setting the Nearest Neighbor Function Slope....................................119
8.4.8 Using Class-Related Features in a Nearest Neighbor
Feature Space ................................................................................................
119
9 Advanced Rule Set Concepts ..............................................................................120
9.1 Units, Scales and Co-ordinate Systems...................................................................120
9.2 Thematic Layers and Thematic Objects..................................................................120
9.2.1 Importing, Editing and Deleting Thematic Layers.............................120
9.2.2 Displaying a Thematic Layer.....................................................................121
9.2.3 The Thematic Layer Attribute Table.......................................................122
9.2.4 Manually Editing Thematic Vector Objects..........................................122
9.2.5 Using a Thematic Layer for Segmentation...........................................127
9.3 Variables in Rule Sets ....................................................................................................127
9.3.1 About Variables.............................................................................................128
9.3.2 Creating a Variable.......................................................................................129
9.3.3 Saving Variables as Parameter Sets........................................................131
9.4 Image Objects and Their Relationships ..................................................................133
9.4.1 Implementing Child Domains via the Execute Child
Process Algorithm ........................................................................................
133
9.4.2 Child Domains and Parent Processes.....................................................133
9.5 Tutorial...............................................................................................................................138
9.5.1 Tutorial: Using Process-Related Features for Advanced
Local Processing............................................................................................
138
9.6 Customized Features ....................................................................................................141
9.6.1 Creating Customized Features.................................................................142
9.6.2 Arithmetic Customized Features.............................................................142
9.6.3 Relational Customized Features..............................................................144
9.6.4 Saving and Loading Customized Features...........................................146
9.6.5 Finding Customized Features...................................................................147
9.7 Customized Algorithms ...............................................................................................147
9.7.1 Dependencies and Scope Consistency Rules......................................148
9.7.2 Handling of References to Local Items During Runtime .................148
9.7.3 Domain Handling in Customized Algorithms.....................................148
9.7.4 Creating a Customized Algorithm ..........................................................149
9.7.5 Using Customized Algorithms .................................................................151
9.7.6 Modifying a Customized Algorithm.......................................................152
9.7.7 Executing a Customized Algorithm for Testing .................................152
9.7.8 Deleting a Customized Algorithm ..........................................................152
9.7.9 Using a Customized Algorithm in Another Rule Set.........................152
9.8 Maps ...................................................................................................................................153
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资源评论
- liangyandlj2011-11-02看了一下,觉得很好,就是都是英文的,比较费劲,不过内容很好。
- island320872012-12-02英文的啊,看着有点困难,不过还是谢谢分享了
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