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confidential
DFAE: Boris Wang
2023/5/9
ADI Solutions for Industrial Equipment Battery Charging
Macnica Cytech
© Macnica,Inc.
confidential
Battery Applications
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锂电池的过充（热失效）
锂电池的过放
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2
➢ Li-Ion/Li-polymer: High cycle count, high specific energy.
Needs protection circuitry and handling care.
➢ Pb Acid: Very Mature, rugged, economical. Low specific
energy, limited cycle count, lead is toxic
➢ NiCd: Long service life, well understood, high discharge
currents, extreme temperatures, rugged, ultra-fast charging
with minimal stress. Not environmentally friendly
➢ NiMH: Replaces NiCd with only mildly toxic metals, higher
specific energy, many medical, industrial and consumer
applications. Low cell voltage, high self-discharge.
➢ LiFePO4: High charge/discharge rate, very high cycle count.
Lower specific energy, lower charge voltage vs. Li-Ion
Battery Chemistries Pros/Cons
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➢ C-rate:
• The capacity of a battery is commonly rated at 1C, meaning a fully charged battery rated at 1Ah should provide 1A for
one hour. 1C charge rate means charging at a current equal to the battery’s capacity rating in Amp*hours
➢ CC/CV:
• Constant Current / Constant Voltage charging method - used for most battery chemistries
➢ Termination:
• Continuous charging of many chemistries shortens battery life (or worse…). Criteria for terminating a charge cycle
depends on Battery chemistry:
• C/x charge current reduction
• Safety timer
• dV/dt (Rate of Change in Bat Voltage)
• dT/dt (Rate of Change of Bat Temperature)
➢ Precharge:
• Trickle charge depleted batteries until VBAT exceeds minimum threshold
➢ Recharge:
• Initiate new charge cycle when VBAT drops below recharge threshold
• Compensate for self-discharge
Battery Charging Terminology
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锂电池举例
铅酸电池举例
Charge Cycle Examples
