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本科毕业设计
题 目 基于单片机的出租车计价器设计
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摘 要
出租车是当代人们出行不可或缺的交通工具,而出租车计价器是出租车营运
收费的专用智能化仪表,国内出租车计价器已经经历了4个阶段的发展。从传统的
全部由机械元器件组成的机械式,到半电子式即用电子线路代替部分机械元器件
的出租车计价器;再从集成电路式到目前的单片机系统设计的出租车计价器。出
租车计价器计费是否准确是乘客最关心的问题,而计价器营运数据的管理是否方
便才是出租车司机最关注的。采用单片机设计的计价器,功能强大,用较少的硬
件和适当的软件相互配合可以很容易地实现设计要求,且灵活性强。
本设计主要是以单片机 AT89C52为核心,输出采用 LED 数码管显示,给出了
硬件电路及主程序流程,阐述了软硬件设计过程中关键技术的处理方法。本电路
设计的计价器具有计时、计程、计价的基本功能,而且还有数据掉电保护功能,
具有一定的实用性。
关键字 出租车计价器;AT89C52;A44E 霍尔传感器;AT24C02
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ABSTRACT
The taxi is the contemporary people to travel the necessary traffic tools, and the
taximeter is a special intelligent meter taxi operating charges, domestic taxi meter has
experienced 4 stages of development. From the traditional all-mechanical components,
mechanical components, to semi-electronic or mechanical parts with electronic circuit
components instead of the taxi meter; again from single chip integrated circuit type to
the current design of the taxi meter. The accuracy of the taxi meter billing passengers
are most concerned about, and meter data management operation is convenient for taxi
drivers is the most concern. Meter using microcontroller design, powerful, with less
hardware and appropriate software can be easily complement each other to achieve the
design requirements, and flexibility.
The design of the main core is AT89C52 microcontroller, the output with LED
digital tube display, given the hardware circuit and the main program flow, described
the key technologies of hardware and software design process approach. The circuit
design of the meter has the basic functions of timing, taxi, valuation, but also data
power-off protection function, has a certain practicality.
Keyword
:
Taximeter; AT89C52; A44E Hall Sensor;AT24C02.
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目 录
1 引言
............................................................................................................................ 1
1.1
目的和意义 ........................................................................................................... 1
1.2 主要设计要求及性能指标 .................................................................................... 1
2 系统分析
.................................................................................................................... 2
2.1
系统组成 ............................................................................................................... 2
2.2 系统的工作原理 .................................................................................................... 2
3 系统硬件设计
.......................................................................................................... 5
3.1 系统的硬件总体电路图 ........................................................................................ 5
3.2
信号发生电路和开关控制电路 ........................................................................... 6
3.3
显示驱动电路 ....................................................................................................... 7
3.4 显示电路 ................................................................................................................ 8
3.5
单片机控制电路 ................................................................................................. 10
3.6 数据掉电保护模块 .............................................................................................. 10
4 系统软件设计
........................................................................................................ 11
4.1
AT89C52 单片机的使用 ...................................................................................... 11
4.2
中断子函数 ......................................................................................................... 11
4.3
主程序设计 ......................................................................................................... 12
5 系统使用说明
......................................................................................................... 14
5.1
系统安装及配置说明 ......................................................................................... 14
5.1.1
系统运行环境 ................................................................................................ 14
5.2 系统操作说明 ...................................................................................................... 14
5.3
PROTEUS 仿真结果 .............................................................................................. 15
6 结论
.......................................................................................................................... 16
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参考文献
...................................................................................................................... 17
附录 程序
................................................................................................................... 18
致谢
............................................................................................................................... 28