计算机英语期末复习笔记存档
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2023-06-16
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Computer English Note
Unit 2: Operating System (OS) 操作系统
Words
composition (n) 结构，组成 spectrum (n) 范围 store (v) 储存 retrieve (v) 找回 interface
(n) 接口，界面 request (v) 请求 execution (n) 实行 coordinator (n) 协调人，统筹者
coordinate (v) 协调 oversee (v) 监督 communication (n) 交流 communicate (v) 沟通 transform
(v) 转换 re-brand (v) 重塑 philosophy (n) 哲学 afresh (adv) 重新 ~based (adj) 基于...的 vendor (n)
供应商 modify (v) 修改 minimalist (adj) 简约主义的 reside (v) 居住 light (adj) 轻便的
Definition
An operating system is the software that controls the overall operation of a computer.
OS is the most important program that runs on a computer.
Function
1. OS s are software packages that coordinate a computer internal activities as well as oversee
its communication with outside world.
2. OS communicates with computer hardware and software resources.
3. OS transforms the computer hardware into a useful tool.
4. OS provides common services for computer programs.
It provides:
means(方法): store and retrieve data/files
interface(接口): request the execution of programs
environment(环境): execute the programs requested
Kinds
Windows,Linux,mac OS / OS X , i OS, Android,Blackberry,Unix..
1. Windows / Microsoft Windows: targeted to Intel architecture based computer.(Microsoft)
2. mac OS(OS X): re-brand vision of the Mac OS X OS, known for innovative graphical user
interface.(Apple)
3. Ubuntu: works beautifully, especially on though resolution screens.高分辨率屏幕
4. Unix: a family of multitasking multiuser computer OS that derive from the original AT&T Unix.
5. Unix based OS: freely available source code of UNIX made it easier for vendors to modify the
codes as needed.
6. Chrome OS: open source OS to work exclusively with web applications. User interface takes a
minimalist approach. It will only run on solid-state drives(SSD s) which provide faster boot-up
times(更快的启动时间) than hard disk drives(HDD s).(Google)
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