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阀门驱动装置:执行器选型的时机、方式和原因
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2024-05-02
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阀门驱动装置:执行器选型的时机、方式和原因
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By Jacqueline Onditi, Earnest Carey,
David Montgomery and Lorenzo Colonna Preti
Valve Actuation: The When, How
and Why of Actuator Selection
A guide to actuators for upstream and
midstream oil and gas applications
WHITE PAPER
Courtesy of Mead O'Brien | (800) 892-2769 | www.meadobrien.com
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Flowserve.com 2 Valve Actuation: The When, How and Why of Actuator Selection
Once the decision to automate has been made, there is a wide — and often confusing — variety of actuators from which to choose.
This paper is designed to make all these decisions easier by providing a quick-reading overview of:
• The key factors to consider when making the decision
to automate.
• The most common types of actuators and the applications
for which each is best suited. (To aid the reader, major
classications of actuators are organized in the same
cascading hierarchy traditionally used for cost/benet analysis
by the oil and gas industry.)
• Hybrid and specialized actuators used for certain specic
applications (such as pipeline control).
• Emerging trends in technology and regulation that may
inuence the decision-making process.
Valve automation dramatically improves control, precision and
efficiency. While these advantages must be weighed against
higher capital and operating costs, actuators are frequently found
to be a cost-effective investment for most oil and gas applications.
Figure 1: Actuators are frequently found to be a cost-effective
investment for most upstream and midstream oil and gas applications.
Courtesy of Mead O'Brien | (800) 892-2769 | www.meadobrien.com
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Flowserve.com 3
Valve Actuation: The When, How and Why of Actuator Selection
Is automation right for
your application?
Three factors typically encourage the decision to automate:
• Frequency of operation—Valves that must perform a
high number of operations or regularly perform modulating
functions are good candidates for automation.
• Ease of access—Automation increases the efciency of
valves in remote areas, unmanned installations, dangerous
environments, the execution of lightly serviced processes,
and the use of large valves requiring signicant time or effort
to operate manually.
• Critical functions—Actuators offer signicant advantages
for shutdown or blowdown services, protective applications,
applications requiring high precision or speed, reliable
performance or process monitoring.
These benets come with a few tradeoffs. In addition to making
systems more complex, actuators directly and indirectly create
additional capital and operating costs, including:
• Design and implementation costs
• Physical and logical layout and interfaces
• Process controls (including the integration of
automated functions)
• Dening suitable material specications
• The need for more skilled operating personnel
• Equipment capital and operating cost
• Service utility capital and operating costs
• Actuator maintenance and eventual upgrades
Despite these considerations, the oil and gas industry generally
considers the benets of actuators signicant enough to
be worth the investment. According to data published by
European Industrial Forecasting Ltd. (EIF) in 2015, nearly 75%
of all valves in the oil and gas sector are automated, compared
to just 30% across all industries combined.
The actuator hierarchy
Each kind of actuator has unique advantages and limitations.
While no single type is appropriate for every job, it’s relatively
easy to determine which category is the best t for your
application.
The industry typically compares the three major options
using a cascading hierarchy: electric actuators are usually the
rst choice whenever possible, followed by pneumatics and
hydraulics, in that order.
Figure 2: Automation increases the
efciency of the valves in remote areas,
unmanned installations and dangerous
environments.
Nearly 75% of all valves in the oil and gas
sector are automated, compared to just
30% across all industries combined.
Courtesy of Mead O'Brien | (800) 892-2769 | www.meadobrien.com
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