印度互联网与社会中心-印度AI制造业发展状况（英文）-7-49页.pdf

AI and

the Manufacturing

and Services Industry

in India

REPORT BY

Geethanjali Jujjavarapu, Elonnai Hickok, Amber Sinha

MAPPING BY

Shweta Mohandas and Sidharth Ray

RESEARCH ASSISTANCE BY

Executive Summary 1

Introduction 1

Methodology 2

State of AI in Manufacturing and Services in India 3

Sector Deep Dives 3

Sector Neutral 4

Electronics 4

Heavy Electricals 5

Agriculture 7

Automobiles 8

Access and Ownership of Data and Technology and Competition 21

Labor and Workers Rights 23

Liability, Negligence, and Standards of Care Regime 25

Governance and Design 26

Challenges to Development and Adoption of AI 27

Learnings from Other Contexts 30

Recommendations 31

Conclusion 36

Annex 1 AI in Manufacturing and Services: Stakeholder Mapping 39

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highlighted the need to adapt to these changes, beginning with education towards enabling

individuals to move and work higher up the value chain in innovative capacities.

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Forms of

smart manufacturing are also starting to come up in India: Wipro and Infosys have launched

AI platforms, and the Indian Institute of Science is developing a smart factory with support

from Boeing Company and General Electric.

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of AI in the manufacturing sector in India include lack of value creation in the industry,

discrepancies in needed skills and available skills, capacity issues amongst professionals,

infrastructure inadequacies and challenges in access to technologies.

industry? Impact: What is the potential and existing impact of AI in manufacturing and

services? Regulation: What are the challenges faced in policy making around AI in the

manufacturing and services industry? Are there key steps that regulators and industry need

to take when adopting AI into the sector?

With the inroading of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) into the

manufacturing sector, countries are inevitably faced with a number of policy concerns which

need to be addressed at various levels keeping in mind the socio-economic factors that

influence policy making in that particular country. India, unlike its G20 counterparts is yet

to fully tap the available opportunities that AI presents.

Karnik. Retrieved February 23, 2018, from: https://qz.com/990558/machines-vs-humans-the-battle-for-

jobs-in-india-is-affecting-not-just-it-engineers/

3 India and The Artificial Intelligence Revolution, Shashi Shekhar Vempati. Retrieved February

23, 2018, from http://carnegieendowment.org/files/CP283_Vempati_final.pdf

4 Towards Smart Manufacturing: Industry 4.0 and India, Make in India Portal. Retrieved February

23, 2018, from http://www.makeinindia.com/article/-/v/towards-smart-manufacturing-industry-4-0-

and-india

44 AI dominates: Indian IT stares at talent shortage in digital, cloud skills, Ayan Pramanik. Available

at: http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/ai-dominates-indian-it-stares-at-talent-

shortage-in-digital-cloud-skills-117010700469_1.html

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of AI to its full potential can add US$975 billion to India’s economy by 2035. This can be

achieved with policy makers and the business sector actively working together to achieve

this goal.

The most significant impact of AI in the manufacturing sector will be enhancing efficiency,

and bringing simplicity into the process of production through mechanization of tasks

previously performed by humans. This will also improve machine interactions and promote

real time decision making in the process of manufacturing. While a move towards complete

automation has its own benefits of accuracy and efficiency, it raises socio-economic

and ethical concerns which need to be addressed before fullly integrating AI into the

single definition of AI.

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For the purposes of this report, we have drawn upon the definitions

outlined in the literature review and reached a broad understanding of AI as a dynamic

learning system that can be used in decision making and actioning.

This report seeks to map the growth and potential of AI across the manufacturing and

services sector in India. The study will look at the existing stakeholders, current and potential

uses of AI, impacts of deploying AI in the sector, barriers to AI in India and other relevant

topics in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the state of AI in India and the

way forward. Manufacturing is a broad industry that encompasses a number of different sub

sectors.

After undertaking a review of sectors via desk research for considerable uptake

AI solutions that can be adopted in a company’s processes, the use of AI in the process of

manufacturing, and insights into the use and incorporation of AI into the end product itself.

For the purpose of identifying the use of AI and distinguishing from other technologies, we

captured solutions and use examples that self identified as ‘AI’ or that appeared to take

on ‘brain related’ functions.

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Search terms for identifying the use AI included: artificial

intelligence, autonomous, machine learning, natural language processing, robotics, computer

vision, neural networks, smart factory, and future of work. Search terms to identify sectors

included: manufacturing agriculture, IT, IT and services, electronics, heavy electricals,

autonomous vehicles, automobiles, and automotive.

Manufacturing. For more information see: https://www.ibef.org/download/Manufacturing-Report-

Jan-2018.pdf

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solutions. It also seeks to outline key government initiatives in the field which boost the use,

adoption and development of AI in India.

This report forms a part of the larger project on Artificial Intelligence undertaken by the

Centre for Internet and Society

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and relies on primary and secondary sources including news

items, company websites, industry reports, policy and legislation, interviews, and roundtable

inputs.

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