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CDMA Technology Overview5
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2009-03-28
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CDMA Technology Overview February, 2001 - Page 4-1
CDMA Technology
CDMA Technology
Overview
Overview
Lesson 5 – Power Control,
Registration, and Handoffs
CDMA Technology Overview February, 2001 - Page 4-2
Power Control
CDMA Technology Overview February, 2001 - Page 4-3
CDMA is an interference-limited system based on the number of users
Unlike AMPS/TDMA, CDMA has a soft capacity limit
Each user is a noise source on the shared channel
The noise contributed by users is cumulative
This creates a practical limit to how many users a system will sustain
Precise power control of the mobile stations is critical if we want to
Maximize system capacity
Increase battery life of the mobile stations
The goal is to keep each mobile station at the absolute minimum power
level necessary to ensure acceptable service quality
Ideally the power received at the base station from each mobile station
should be the same (minimum signal to interference)
Mobile stations which transmit excessive power increase interference to
other mobile stations
CDMA Power Control
CDMA Technology Overview February, 2001 - Page 4-4
Reverse Open Loop Power Control
•
The mobile station makes a coarse initial estimation of the required transmit
power, based upon the total received power.
•
Problems with Reverse Open Loop Power Control:
• Assumes same exact path loss in both directions; therefore, cannot
account for asymmetrical path loss
• Estimates are based on total power received; therefore the power received
from other cell sites by mobile station introduces inaccuracies
•
The mobile station makes a coarse initial estimation of the required transmit
power, based upon the total received power.
•
Problems with Reverse Open Loop Power Control:
• Assumes same exact path loss in both directions; therefore, cannot
account for asymmetrical path loss
• Estimates are based on total power received; therefore the power received
from other cell sites by mobile station introduces inaccuracies
BTSMobile
Reverse Open Loop
Power Control
BTS
BTS
CDMA Technology Overview February, 2001 - Page 4-5
Estimated Reverse Open Loop
Output Power
mean output power (dBm) = - mean power input (dBm)
+ K
+ NOM_PWR - 16 x NOM_PWR_EXT
+ INIT_PWR
Power output level for the initial probe during open loop probing
on the Access Channel (with closed loop correction inactive):
Subsequent probes in the sequence are sent at increased power levels
(each probe is incremented by a value equal to the parameter PWR_STEP)
The “turn around constant” K is calculated assuming
a nominal cell Effective Radiation Power (ERP) of 5 W
and a nominal cell loading of 50%.
Its value is -73 for cellular systems and -76 for PCS systems
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