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CDMA Technology Overview3
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2009-03-28
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CDMA Technology Overview February, 2001 - Page 2-1
CDMA Technology
Overview
Lesson 3 - Forward Traffic Channels
CDMA Technology Overview February, 2001 - Page 2-2
CDMA Forward Traffic Channels
Used for the transmission of user and signaling information to a
specific mobile station during a call
Maximum number of traffic channels: 64 minus one Pilot channel, one
Sync channel, and 1 to 7 Paging channels
This leaves each CDMA frequency with at least 55 traffic channels
Unused paging channels can provide up to 6 additional channels
Realistic loading will typically be about 17 subscribers when using
the 13 kb vocoder (22 when using the 8 kb vocoder)
Forward Traffic Channel
Sync
Paging
Forward Traffic Channel
Forward Traffic Channel
Pilot
CDMA Cell Site
CDMA Technology Overview February, 2001 - Page 2-3
Pilot Walsh 0
Walsh 19
Paging Walsh 1
Walsh 6
Walsh 11
Walsh 20
Sync Walsh 32
Walsh 42
Walsh 37
Walsh 41
Walsh 56
Walsh 60
Walsh 55
Code Channels in the Forward Direction
PILOT: WALSH CODE 0
The Pilot is a “structural beacon” which does
not contain a character stream. It is a timing
source used in system acquisition and as a
measurement device during handoffs
SYNC: WALSH CODE 32
This carries a data stream of system
identification and parameter information
used by mobiles during system acquisition
PAGING: WALSH CODES 1 up to 7
There can be from one to seven paging
channels as determined by capacity needs.
They carry pages, system parameters
information, and call setup orders
TRAFFIC: any remaining WALSH codes
The traffic channels are assigned to
individual users to carry call traffic. All
remaining Walsh codes are available,
subject to overall capacity limited by noise
CDMA Technology Overview February, 2001 - Page 2-4
BTS (1 sector)MTX BSC
FEC
Walsh #1
Sync FEC
Walsh #32
Walsh #0
FEC
Walsh #12
FEC
Walsh #23
FEC
Walsh #27
FEC
Walsh #44
Pilot
Paging
Vocoder
Vocoder
Vocoder
Vocoder
more more
more
Trans-
mitter,
Sector X
I Q
Short PN Code
PN Offset 246
Coding Process in the Forward Direction
A Forward Channel
is identified by:
its CDMA RF
carrier Frequency
the unique Short
Code PN Offset of
the sector
the unique Walsh
Code of the user
CDMA
Frequency
CDMA Technology Overview February, 2001 - Page 2-5
Digital Stream 0 (DS0)
t
t
0
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4
16
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15
8
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8
t
0
1
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8
15
3
1
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16
4
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t
8
15
3
1
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16
4
4
8
64 kbs
Analog Voice Signal Sampling Quantizing
Signal Regeneration
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