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Codeforces 题库 001-100

Codeforces

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CODEFORCES PROBLEMSET

#001-#100

2013-4-11

Sorted by Jerry Xu in Shanghai

Codeforces is a Russian website dedicated to competitive programming. It was created and

is currently maintained by group of sportsmen from Saratov State University led by Mikhail

Mirzayanov.

Codeforces provides to all users following main services:

Participation in the short (2-hours) contests, so-called "Codeforces Rounds", held about

once a week;

Ability to solve problems from previous contests for training purposes;

"Polygon" for creating and testing problems;

Kind of social-networking by using of internal public blogs.

Contestants are rated by system similar to ELO. There are usually no prizes for winners,

though 100 winners of 100-th Codeforces Round received a T-Shirt. Some bigger contests

(mostly country internal) are hosted on Codeforces base, among them "Yandex Algorithm

2011", provided by Yandex - one of biggest Russian IT-companies.

Website: Codeforces.com

1A. Theatre Square

time limit per test

2 seconds

memory limit per test

64 megabytes

input

standard input

output

standard output

Theatre Square in the capital city of Berland has a rectangular shape with the size

n × m meters. On the occasion of the city's anniversary, a decision was taken to

pave the Square with square granite flagstones. Each flagstone is of the size a × a.

What is the least number of flagstones needed to pave the Square? It's allowed to

cover the surface larger than the Theatre Square, but the Square has to be covered.

It's not allowed to break the flagstones. The sides of flagstones should be parallel to

the sides of the Square.

Input

The input contains three positive integer numbers in the first line: n, m and a

(1 ≤ n, m, a ≤ 10

Output

Write the needed number of flagstones.

Sample test(s)

Input

6 6 4

Output

1B. Spreadsheets

time limit per test

10 seconds

memory limit per test

64 megabytes

input

standard input

output

standard output

In the popular spreadsheets systems (for example, in Excel) the following

numeration of columns is used. The first column has number A, the second —

number B, etc. till column 26 that is marked by Z. Then there are two-letter

numbers: column 27 has number AA, 28 — AB, column 52 is marked by AZ. After

ZZ there follow three-letter numbers, etc.

The rows are marked by integer numbers starting with 1. The cell name is the

concatenation of the column and the row numbers. For example, BC23 is the name

for the cell that is in column 55, row 23.

Sometimes another numeration system is used: RXCY, where X and Y are integer

numbers, showing the column and the row numbers respectfully. For instance,

R23C55 is the cell from the previous example.

Your task is to write a program that reads the given sequence of cell coordinates

and produce each item written according to the rules of another numeration system.

Input

The first line of the input contains integer number n (1 ≤ n ≤ 10

), the number of

coordinates in the test. Then there follow n lines, each of them contains

coordinates. All the coordinates are correct, there are no cells with the column

and/or the row numbers larger than 10

Output

Write n lines, each line should contain a cell coordinates in the other numeration

system.

Sample test(s)

Input

R23C55

BC23

Output

BC23

R23C55

1C. Ancient Berland Circus

time limit per test

2 seconds

memory limit per test

64 megabytes

input

standard input

output

standard output

Nowadays all circuses in Berland have a round arena with diameter 13 meters, but

in the past things were different.

In Ancient Berland arenas in circuses were shaped as a regular (equiangular)

polygon, the size and the number of angles could vary from one circus to another. In

each corner of the arena there was a special pillar, and the rope strung between the

pillars marked the arena edges.

Recently the scientists from Berland have discovered the remains of the ancient

circus arena. They found only three pillars, the others were destroyed by the time.

You are given the coordinates of these three pillars. Find out what is the smallest

area that the arena could have.

Input

The input file consists of three lines, each of them contains a pair of numbers ––

coordinates of the pillar. Any coordinate doesn't exceed 1000 by absolute value,

and is given with at most six digits after decimal point.

Output

Output the smallest possible area of the ancient arena. This number should be

accurate to at least 6 digits after the decimal point. It's guaranteed that the number

of angles in the optimal polygon is not larger than 100.

Sample test(s)

Input

0.000000 0.000000

1.000000 1.000000

0.000000 1.000000

Output

1.00000000

2A. Winner

time limit per test

1 second

memory limit per test

64 megabytes

input

standard input

output

standard output

The winner of the card game popular in Berland "Berlogging" is determined

according to the following rules. If at the end of the game there is only one player

with the maximum number of points, he is the winner. The situation becomes more

difficult if the number of such players is more than one. During each round a player

gains or loses a particular number of points. In the course of the game the number

of points is registered in the line "name score", where name is a player's name,

and score is the number of points gained in this round, which is an integer

number. If score is negative, this means that the player has lost in the round. So, if

two or more players have the maximum number of points (say, it equals to m) at the

end of the game, than wins the one of them who scored at least m points first.

Initially each player has 0 points. It's guaranteed that at the end of the game at least

one player has a positive number of points.

Input

The first line contains an integer number n (1 ≤ n ≤ 1000), n is the number of

rounds played. Then follow n lines, containing the information about the rounds in

"name score" format in chronological order, where name is a string of lower-case

Latin letters with the length from 1 to 32, and score is an integer number between

-1000 and 1000, inclusive.

Output

Print the name of the winner.

Sample test(s)

Input

mike 3

andrew 5

mike 2

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ZhEngYuana

2014-04-08

题目比较难看懂，不过还是很好的

Codeforces 题库 001-100

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