Data Center Handbook

Data Center Handbook provides the fundamentals, technologies, and best practices in designing, constructing and managing mission critical, energy efficient data centers.

AUGUST 2018 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS

Signals intelligence, electronic jamming, and electronic protection incorporating software-defined radio and artificial intelligence to stay ahead of adversaries.

3M Novec Engineering fluids

The Marangoni effect describes the behavior of liquid on the wafer surface resulting from a surface tension gradient at the gas/liquid interface. This effect results in liquid on the wafer surface being pulled back into the immersion bath as the wafer is removed from the tank. Because IPA has a much lower surface tension (22 dynes/cm) than water (73 dynes/cm), when IPA from the vapor dissolves into the water at the gas/liquid interface, a surface tension gradient is created.