原创 - DMA 原理 PPT（ 使用DMA来提高嵌入式系统的效率）

详解DMA （Direct memory access ）原理， DMA， pooling, interrupt原理； xilinx axi-dma原理，axi4 interconnet bus, xilinx axi-dma原理 ; DMA实现fpga外设与ARM ddr3sdram 交互数据的原理流程、注意。 Cypress CX3 DMA原理，GPIF-II 转态机接口原理图。

ISO15739 The ISO Definition of Dynamic Range of a Digital Still Camera.pdf

ABSTRACT The dynamic range of a digital camera can be simplistically defined as the ratio of the maximum and minimum luminance that a camera can “capture” in a single exposure. But when we try to quantify this property, we find that the establishment of an explicit definition is much more ... ...

gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz.7z

gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf 是由 Linaro 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译32-bit Armv7 Cortex-A, hard-float, little-endian目标中的裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf交叉编译器必须安装在64为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz

gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz是由 Linaro 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译32-bit Armv7 Cortex-A, hard-float, little-endian目标中的裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz交叉编译器必须安装在64为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

arm-2014.05-29-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2.7z

arm-2014.05-29-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu 是由 CodeSourcery 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译ARM系统中所有环节的代码，包括裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。arm-2014.05-29-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2.7z交叉编译器必须安装在32为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi.tar.xz.7z

gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi.tar.xz.7z是由 Linaro 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译32-bit Armv7 Cortex-A, soft-float, little-endian目标中的裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi.tar.xz.7z交叉编译器必须安装在64为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz.7z

gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu是由 Linaro 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译64-bit Armv8 Cortex-A, little-endian hard-float, little-endian目标中的裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz交叉编译器必须安装在64为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz.7z

gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf是由 Linaro 公司基于GCC推出的的ARM交叉编译工具。可用于交叉编译32-bit Armv7 Cortex-A, hard-float, little-endian目标中的裸机程序、u-boot、Linux kernel、filesystem和App应用程序。gcc-linaro-7.4.1-2019.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz交叉编译器必须安装在64为主机上，才能编译目标代码。

USB Type-C Specification Release 1.3.pdf

Universal Serial Bus Type-C Cable and Connector Specification Release 1.3 July 14, 2017 CONTENTS Specification Work Group Chairs / Specification Editors ................................................... 11 Specification Work Group Contributors .................................................................................. 11 Pre-Release Draft Industry Reviewing Companies That Provided Feedback ................ 14 Revision History ............................................................................................................................. 14 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 15 1.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................................... 15 1.2 Scope ............................................................................................................................. 15 1.3 Related Documents .................................................................................................... 16 1.4 Conventions ................................................................................................................. 16 1.4.1 Precedence .................................................................................................... 16 1.4.2 Keywords ...................................................................................................... 16 1.4.3 Numbering .................................................................................................... 17 1.5 Terms and Abbreviations ......................................................................................... 17 2 Overview ................................................................................................................................. 21 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 21 2.2 USB Type-C Receptacles, Plugs and Cables ......................................................... 22 2.3 Configuration Process ............................................................................................... 23 2.3.1 Source-to-Sink Attach/Detach Detection .............................................. 24 2.3.2 Plug Orientation/Cable Twist Detection ............................................... 24 2.3.3 Initial Power (Source-to-Sink) Detection and Establishing the Data (Host-to-Device) Relationship ................................................................. 24 2.3.4 USB Type-C VBUS Current Detection and Usage .................................. 25 2.3.5 USB PD Communication ............................................................................. 25 2.3.6 Functional Extensions ................................................................................ 26 2.4 VBUS ............................................................................................................................... 26 2.5 VCONN ............................................................................................................................. 27 2.6 Hubs ............................................................................................................................... 27 3 Mechanical ............................................................................................................................... 28 3.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................... 28 3.1.1 Compliant Connectors................................................................................ 28 3.1.2 Compliant Cable Assemblies .................................................................... 28 3.1.3 Compliant USB Type-C to Legacy Cable Assemblies .......................... 28 3.1.4 Compliant USB Type-C to Legacy Adapter Assemblies ..................... 29 3.2 USB Type-C Connector Mating Interfaces ............................................................ 29 3.2.1 Interface Definition .................................................................................... 29 3.2.2 Reference Designs ....................................................................................... 52 3.2.3 Pin Assignments and Descriptions ......................................................... 59 3.3 Cable Construction and Wire Assignments ......................................................... 60 3.3.1 Cable Construction (Informative) ........................................................... 60 3.3.2 Wire Assignments ....................................................................................... 62 3.3.3 Wire Gauges and Cable Diameters (Informative) ............................... 63 3.4 Standard USB Type-C Cable Assemblies .............................................................. 65 3.4.1 USB Full-Featured Type-C Cable Assembly .......................................... 65 3.4.2 USB 2.0 Type-C Cable Assembly .............................................................. 66 3.4.3 USB Type-C Captive Cable Assemblies .................................................. 67 3.5 Legacy Cable Assemblies .......................................................................................... 67 3.5.1 USB Type-C to USB 3.1 Standard-A Cable Assembly .......................... 68 3.5.2 USB Type-C to USB 2.0 Standard-A Cable Assembly .......................... 69 3.5.3 USB Type-C to USB 3.1 Standard-B Cable Assembly .......................... 70 3.5.4 USB Type-C to USB 2.0 Standard-B Cable Assembly .......................... 71 3.5.5 USB Type-C to USB 2.0 Mini-B Cable Assembly ................................... 72 3.5.6 USB Type-C to USB 3.1 Micro-B Cable Assembly ................................. 73 3.5.7 USB Type-C to USB 2.0 Micro-B Cable Assembly ................................. 75 3.6 Legacy Adapter Assemblies ..................................................................................... 76 3.6.1 USB Type-C to USB 3.1 Standard-A Receptacle Adapter Assembly 76 3.6.2 USB Type-C to USB 2.0 Micro-B Receptacle Adapter Assembly ...... 78 3.7 Electrical Characteristics ......................................................................................... 79 3.7.1 Raw Cable (Informative) ........................................................................... 79 3.7.2 USB Type-C to Type-C Passive Cable Assemblies (Normative) ....... 80 3.7.3 Mated Connector (Informative) .............................................................. 93 3.7.4 USB Type-C to Legacy Cable Assemblies (Normative) ...................... 97 3.7.5 USB Type-C to USB Legacy Adapter Assemblies (Normative) ....... 101 3.7.6 Shielding Effectiveness Requirements (Normative) ........................ 103 3.7.7 DC Electrical Requirements (Normative) ........................................... 106 3.8 Mechanical and Environmental Requirements (Normative) ........................ 109 3.8.1 Mechanical Requirements ....................................................................... 109 3.8.2 Environmental Requirements ................................................................ 115 3.9 Docking Applications (Informative) ................................................................... 116 3.10 Implementation Notes and Design Guides ........................................................ 117 3.10.1 EMC Management (Informative) ........................................................... 117 3.10.2 Stacked and Side-by-Side Connector Physical Spacing (Informative) .............................................................................................. 120 3.10.3 Cable Mating Considerations (Informative) ...................................... 120 4 Functional .............................................................................................................................. 122 4.1 Signal Summary ........................................................................................................ 122 4.2 Signal Pin Descriptions ........................................................................................... 122 4.2.1 SuperSpeed USB Pins ............................................................................... 122 4.2.2 USB 2.0 Pins ................................................................................................ 123 4.2.3 Auxiliary Signal Pins ................................................................................ 123 4.2.4 Power and Ground Pins ........................................................................... 123 4.2.5 Configuration Pins .................................................................................... 123 4.3 Sideband Use (SBU) ................................................................................................. 123 4.4 Power and Ground ................................................................................................... 123 4.4.1 IR Drop ......................................................................................................... 123 4.4.2 VBUS ............................................................................................................... 124 ... ...

IMU（加速度计和陀螺仪设备）在嵌入式应用中使用的指南.pdf

这篇文章主要介绍加速度计和陀螺仪的数学模型和基本算法，以及如何融合这 两者，侧重算法、思想的讨论。