头文件inttypes.h和stdint.h，在vs2008和vs2010需要时可使用

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在C语言编程中，`stdint.h` 和 `inttypes.h` 是两个非常重要的头文件，它们在跨平台的开发中起到关键作用。这两个头文件在C99标准中被引入，目的是为了提供一种标准化的方式来定义整数类型，使得在不同架构和操作系统上的代码能有相同的表示和行为。 `stdint.h` 头文件主要提供了具有确切宽度的整数类型，比如 `int8_t`, `int16_t`, `int32_t`, `int64_t` 以及它们的无符号版本 `uint8_t`, `uint16_t`, `uint32_t`, `uint64_t` 等。这些类型定义确保了在任何支持C99的编译器上，都能得到相应宽度的整数类型，这对于处理位宽敏感的算法或者需要精确内存占用的场景尤其有用。例如，如果你需要一个恰好占8位的无符号整数，你可以使用 `uint8_t` 而无需关心具体平台的细节。而 `inttypes.h` 头文件则扩展了 `stdint.h`，它包含了一些与整数相关的格式化输出和输入函数，如 `printf` 和 `scanf` 的变体。例如，`PRId32` 和 `PRIu64` 宏分别用于以适当的形式打印 `int32_t` 和 `uint64_t` 类型的值。这些宏的存在使得在不同平台上进行格式化输出时，不必担心整数类型的表示问题，提高了代码的可移植性。在Windows下的Microsoft Visual Studio（MSVC）环境中，由于早期版本（如VS2008和VS2010）并不完全支持C99标准，因此默认情况下可能找不到 `stdint.h` 和 `inttypes.h` 这两个头文件。为了解决这个问题，开发者可以选择自行下载这两个头文件，并将其复制到Visual Studio的安装目录下的 `include` 文件夹。这样做之后，开发者就可以在使用VS2008或VS2010编写C代码时，直接包含并利用这两个头文件提供的功能。需要注意的是，虽然将头文件手动放入 `include` 目录可以解决编译问题，但这种方法并非长久之计，因为这可能会导致与其他库或项目中的自定义实现冲突。更好的解决方案是升级到更现代的Visual Studio版本，如VS2015及以后，这些版本对C99标准的支持更加完善，从而避免了手动添加头文件的困扰。 `stdint.h` 和 `inttypes.h` 提供了跨平台整数类型定义和格式化输出的接口，对于编写可移植的C代码至关重要。在不完全支持C99的编译器环境下，可以通过手动添加头文件或升级编译器来确保其可用性。理解并合理使用这两个头文件，可以显著提高代码的可读性、可维护性和跨平台兼容性。

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inttypes.h&stdint.h.7z （3个子文件）

inttypes.h&stdint.h

stdint.h 7KB

changelog.txt 5KB

inttypes.h 8KB

------------------------------------------------------------------------ r21 | 2008-07-17 09:47:22 +0400 | 4 lines Get rid of these compiler warnings when compiling for 32-bit: warning C4311: 'type cast' : pointer truncation from 'void *' to 'uintptr_t' warning C4312: 'type cast' : conversion from 'uintptr_t' to 'const void *' of greater size ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r20 | 2007-10-09 16:54:27 +0400 | 2 lines Better C99 conformance: macros for format specifiers should only be included in C++ implementations if __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS is defined before <inttypes.h> is included. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r19 | 2007-07-04 02:14:40 +0400 | 3 lines Explicitly cast to appropriate type INT8_MIN, INT16_MIN, INT32_MIN and INT64_MIN constants. Due to their unusual definition in Visual Studio headers (-_Ix_MAX-1) they are propagated to int and thus do not have expected type, causing VS6 strict compiler to claim about type inconsistency. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r18 | 2007-06-26 16:53:23 +0400 | 2 lines Better handling of (U)INTx_C macros - now they generate constants of exact width. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r17 | 2007-03-29 20:16:14 +0400 | 2 lines Fix typo: Miscrosoft -> Microsoft. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r16 | 2007-02-24 17:32:58 +0300 | 4 lines Remove <BaseTsd.h> include, as it is not present in Visual Studio 2005 Epxress Edition and required only for INT_PTR and UINT_PTR types. 'intptr_t' and 'uintptr_t' types now defined explicitly with #ifdef _WIN64. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r15 | 2007-02-11 20:53:05 +0300 | 2 lines More correct fix for compilation under VS6. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r14 | 2007-02-11 20:04:32 +0300 | 2 lines Bugfix: fix compiling under VS6, when stdint.h enclosed in 'extern "C" {}'. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r13 | 2006-12-13 16:53:11 +0300 | 2 lines Make _inline modifier for imaxdiv default option. Use STATIC_IMAXDIV to make it static. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r12 | 2006-12-13 16:42:24 +0300 | 2 lines Error message changed: VC6 supported from now. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r11 | 2006-12-13 16:39:33 +0300 | 2 lines All (U)INT* types changed to (unsigned) __int*. This should make stdint.h compatible with VC6. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r10 | 2006-12-13 16:20:57 +0300 | 3 lines Added INLINE_IMAXDIV define switch. If INLINE_IMAXDIV is defined imaxdiv() have static modifier. If not - it is _inline. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r9 | 2006-12-13 15:53:52 +0300 | 2 lines Error message for non-MSC compiler changed. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r8 | 2006-12-13 12:47:48 +0300 | 2 lines Added #ifndef for SIZE_MAX (it is defined in limits.h on MSVSC 8). ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r7 | 2006-12-13 01:08:02 +0300 | 2 lines License chaged to BSD-derivative. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r6 | 2006-12-13 00:53:20 +0300 | 2 lines Added <wchar.h> include to avoid warnings when it is included after stdint.h. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r5 | 2006-12-12 00:58:05 +0300 | 2 lines BUGFIX: Definitions of INTPTR_MIN, INTPTR_MAX and UINTPTR_MAX for WIN32 and WIN64 was mixed up. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r4 | 2006-12-12 00:51:55 +0300 | 2 lines Rise #error if _MSC_VER is not defined. I.e. compiler other then Microsoft Visual C++ is used. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r3 | 2006-12-11 22:54:14 +0300 | 2 lines Added <limits.h> include to stdint.h. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r2 | 2006-12-11 21:39:27 +0300 | 2 lines Initial check in. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r1 | 2006-12-11 21:30:23 +0300 | 1 line Initial directory structure. ------------------------------------------------------------------------

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