TABC41 ABAP Development Workbench
Basics 1/2
TABC41 1/2
R/3 System
Release 46B
17.06.2000
TABC41 ABAP Development Workbench Basics 1/2......................................................................................................0-1
Copyright...............................................................................................................................................................................0-2
Target Group TABC40...................................................................................................................................................0-4
Course Prerequisites TABC40 ......................................................................................................................................0-5
Section Overview............................................................................................................................................................0-6
Section: Basis Technology Overview...............................................................................................................................1-1
Content: Basis Technology Overview.........................................................................................................................1-2
Navigation.............................................................................................................................................................................2-1
Navigation: Business Scenario......................................................................................................................................2-2
Logging on to the R/3 System.......................................................................................................................................2-3
Screen Elements...............................................................................................................................................................2-4
SAP Easy Access - Standard.........................................................................................................................................2-5
Selecting Functions.........................................................................................................................................................2-6
Field Help - F1, F4..........................................................................................................................................................2-7
SAP Online Help .............................................................................................................................................................2-8
System Functions - Services..........................................................................................................................................2-9
System Functions - User Profile .................................................................................................................................2-10
Table Settings - Example .............................................................................................................................................2-11
Personalizing the Frontend..........................................................................................................................................2-12
Navigation: Unit Summary..........................................................................................................................................2-13
Exercises.........................................................................................................................................................................2-14
Solutions..........................................................................................................................................................................2-19
System Kernel: Contents.....................................................................................................................................................3-1
Client / Server Principles................................................................................................................................................3-2
R/3 System Client / Server Configurations.................................................................................................................3-3
The System Kernel..........................................................................................................................................................3-4
Processing User Requests ..............................................................................................................................................3-5
R/3 Database Interface....................................................................................................................................................3-6
R/3 Application Services................................................................................................................................................3-7
Locks in R/3 at the Business Process Level................................................................................................................3-8
Asynchronous Update.....................................................................................................................................................3-9
Long-Running ABAP Programs .................................................................................................................................3-10
Background Processing................................................................................................................................................3-11
R/3 Printer Services.......................................................................................................................................................3-12
The R/3 Instance............................................................................................................................................................3-13
System Kernel: Unit Summary ...................................................................................................................................3-14
Communication: Contents ..................................................................................................................................................4-1
Communication Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................4-2
Communication: R/3 is an Open System.....................................................................................................................4-3
Remote Function Call.....................................................................................................................................................4-4
Office Integration Using OLE.......................................................................................................................................4-6
Business Objects and BAPIs .........................................................................................................................................4-7
Administration: Contents....................................................................................................................................................5-1
Security in the R/3 System.............................................................................................................................................5-2
System Administration...................................................................................................................................................5-3
Computing Center Management System (CCMS)....................................................................................................5-4
Monitoring Architecture.................................................................................................................................................5-5
Remote Services Provided by SAP..............................................................................................................................5-6
SAPNet..............................................................................................................................................................................5-7
Administration: Unit Summary....................................................................................................................................5-8
System-wide Concepts........................................................................................................................................................6-1
Enterprise Structure Terminology................................................................................................................................6-2
Organizational Structures - Levels ...............................................................................................................................6-3
Organizational Structures - Business Functions.........................................................................................................6-4
Master Data - Customer Master....................................................................................................................................6-5
Customer Master - General and Financial Data.........................................................................................................6-6
Customer Master - Sales Data.......................................................................................................................................6-7
Master Data - Material Master......................................................................................................................................6-8
Transactions and Documents: Topic Objectives........................................................................................................6-9
Transaction - Using Master Data................................................................................................................................6-10
Transaction - Using Organizational Units.................................................................................................................6-11
Message Types...............................................................................................................................................................6-12
SAP Business Workflow Example .............................................................................................................................6-13
mySAP.com..........................................................................................................................................................................7-1
SAP’s Major Internet Initiatives...................................................................................................................................7-2
The Strategy: From Integration to Collaboration.......................................................................................................7-3
People on Top..................................................................................................................................................................7-4
mySAP.com: What does it mean?................................................................................................................................7-5
Workplace: Topic Objectives........................................................................................................................................7-6
Workplace Internet Business Framework...................................................................................................................7-7
mySAP.com Workplace - Benefits...............................................................................................................................7-8
Marketplace: Topic Objectives .....................................................................................................................................7-9
mySAP.com Marketplace ............................................................................................................................................7-10
Buying and Selling on the Marketplace.....................................................................................................................7-11
mySAP.com Marketplace - Benefits..........................................................................................................................7-12
Application Hosting Types ..........................................................................................................................................7-13
mySAP.com: Unit Summary .......................................................................................................................................7-14
Section: ABAP Workbench Concepts and Tools ...........................................................................................................8-1
Content: ABAP Workbench Concepts and Tools......................................................................................................8-2
Main Business Scenario .................................................................................................................................................8-3
Program Flow in an ABAP Program................................................................................................................................9-1
Overview
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Client / Server Architecture...........................................................................................................................................9-3
User-Oriented View........................................................................................................................................................9-4
Program Flow: What the User Sees .............................................................................................................................9-5
Interaction Between Server Layers ..............................................................................................................................9-6
Overview...........................................................................................................................................................................9-7
Sample Program 1: Program Start ................................................................................................................................9-8
System Loads Program Context ....................................................................................................................................9-9
Runtime System Sends Selection Screen..................................................................................................................9-10
Selection Screen Entries Inserted into Data Objects...............................................................................................9-11
Program Requests Data Record from Database.......................................................................................................9-12
Database Returns Data Record to Program...............................................................................................................9-13
Runtime System Sends List.........................................................................................................................................9-14
Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................9-15
Sample Program 2: Program Start ..............................................................................................................................9-16
ABAP Runtime System sends Screen........................................................................................................................9-17
User Leaves Selection Screen .....................................................................................................................................9-18
Program Requests Data Record from Database.......................................................................................................9-19
Database Returns Data Record....................................................................................................................................9-20
Program Calls Screen....................................................................................................................................................9-21
ABAP Runtime System Sends Selection Screen.....................................................................................................9-22
User Executes User Action..........................................................................................................................................9-23
Processing of the ABAP Processing Block Resumes .............................................................................................9-24
Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................9-25
Introduction to the ABAP Workbench...........................................................................................................................10-1
Overview: Introduction to the ABAP Workbench...................................................................................................10-2
R/3 Repository...............................................................................................................................................................10-3
Structure of the Repository..........................................................................................................................................10-4
SAP Application Hierarchy.........................................................................................................................................10-5
Repository Information System..................................................................................................................................10-6
ABAP Workbench Tools .............................................................................................................................................10-7
Screen Structure in the Object Navigator..................................................................................................................10-8
Navigation Functions in the Hierarchy Area............................................................................................................10-9
Displaying Program Objects in the Object Window.............................................................................................10-10
Analyzing an Existing Program................................................................................................................................10-11
Determining the Functional Scope: Executing a Program...................................................................................10-12
Static View of Program Objects: The Object List................................................................................................10-13
Starting Programs ........................................................................................................................................................10-14
Determining the Sequential Use of Program Objects: Debugging mode..........................................................10-15
Breakpoints in the Debugging Mode.......................................................................................................................10-16
General ABAP Syntax................................................................................................................................................10-17
Chained Statements and Comments.........................................................................................................................10-18
Navigation in the Editor
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Keyword Documentation...........................................................................................................................................10-20
Sample Program Source Code...................................................................................................................................10-21
Data Objects and Selection Screens.........................................................................................................................10-22
Database Dialog 1: ......................................................................................................................................................10-23
Database Dialog 2: ......................................................................................................................................................10-24
Processing Screens......................................................................................................................................................10-25
Creating Lists...............................................................................................................................................................10-26
Overview: Introduction to the ABAP Workbench.................................................................................................10-27
First Project:.................................................................................................................................................................10-28
Transporting Repository Objects..............................................................................................................................10-29
Sample Project: Training BC400..............................................................................................................................10-30
Project Representation in the Workbench Organizer............................................................................................10-31
Completing the Development Process.....................................................................................................................10-32
Copying Programs .......................................................................................................................................................10-33
Saving Programs ..........................................................................................................................................................10-34
Allocation to a Change Request................................................................................................................................10-35
Adjusting Short Texts.................................................................................................................................................10-36
Adapting Source Code................................................................................................................................................10-37
Making Changes to Screens.......................................................................................................................................10-38
Saving and Activating.................................................................................................................................................10-39
Introduction to the ABAP Workbench: Unit Summary........................................................................................10-40
Exercises.......................................................................................................................................................................10-41
Solutions........................................................................................................................................................................10-45
ABAP Statements and Data Declarations......................................................................................................................11-1
The R/3 Client/Server Architecture............................................................................................................................11-2
Overview: Types............................................................................................................................................................11-3
Using Types....................................................................................................................................................................11-4
Local and Global Data Types......................................................................................................................................11-5
Using Elementary Dictionary Types..........................................................................................................................11-6
Finding ABAP Dictionary Types 1............................................................................................................................11-7
Finding ABAP Dictionary Types 2............................................................................................................................11-8
Local Data Types in Programs ....................................................................................................................................11-9
Overview: Data Objects .............................................................................................................................................11-10
Defining Data Objects ................................................................................................................................................11-11
Overview: Elementary Data Objects........................................................................................................................11-12
Data Objects in a Program's Object List..................................................................................................................11-13
Defining Elementary Data Objects...........................................................................................................................11-14
Literals and Constants.................................................................................................................................................11-15
Changing Variables: Copy and Initialization..........................................................................................................11-16
Performing Calculations.............................................................................................................................................11-17
Evaluating Field Contents..........................................................................................................................................11-18
Observing Data Flow in the Debugger: Field
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