UNIX网络编程卷1（第三版 英文版）

Addison Wesley : UNIX

Network Programming

Volume 1, Third Edition: The

Sockets Networking API

Addison Wesley : UNIX Network Programming Volume 1, Third Edition: The Sockets Networking API

Main Page .......................................................................................................................................... 12

Addison-Wesley Professional Computing Series ............................................................................... 25

Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 28

Changes from the Second Edition.............................................................................................. 29

Using This Book.......................................................................................................................... 30

Source Code and Errata Availability ........................................................................................... 30

Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................... 31

Part 1: Introduction and TCP/IP ......................................................................................................... 32

Chapter 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 32

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 33

1.2 A Simple Daytime Client .............................................................................................. 36

1.3 Protocol Independence................................................................................................ 41

1.4 Error Handling: Wrapper Functions ............................................................................. 42

1.5 A Simple Daytime Server ............................................................................................. 45

1.12 Summary .................................................................................................................... 64

Exercises ............................................................................................................................ 65

Chapter 2. The Transport Layer: TCP, UDP, and SCTP ................................................................. 66

2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 66

2.2 The Big Picture ............................................................................................................. 67

2.3 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) .................................................................................... 70

2.4 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) ............................................................................ 71

2.5 Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) ............................................................. 72

2.6 TCP Connection Establishment and Termination ......................................................... 73

2.7 TIME_WAIT State ......................................................................................................... 80

Addison Wesley : UNIX Network Programming Volume 1, Third Edition: The Sockets Networking API

2.14 Summary .................................................................................................................. 101

Exercises .......................................................................................................................... 102

Part 2: Elementary Sockets .............................................................................................................. 103

Chapter 3. Sockets Introduction .............................................................................................. 103

3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 104

3.2 Socket Address Structures ......................................................................................... 104

3.3 Value-Result Arguments ............................................................................................ 112

3.4 Byte Ordering Functions ............................................................................................ 115

3.5 Byte Manipulation Functions ..................................................................................... 119

3.6 'inet_aton', 'inet_addr', and 'inet_ntoa' Functions ................................................... 121

Chapter 4. Elementary TCP Sockets ......................................................................................... 135

4.2 'socket' Function ........................................................................................................ 137

4.3 'connect' Function ..................................................................................................... 140

4.4 'bind' Function ........................................................................................................... 143

4.5 'listen' Function .......................................................................................................... 146

4.6 'accept' Function ........................................................................................................ 152

4.7 'fork' and 'exec' Functions.......................................................................................... 155

4.8 Concurrent Servers .................................................................................................... 158

4.9 'close' Function .......................................................................................................... 161

4.10 'getsockname' and 'getpeername' Functions .......................................................... 162

4.11 Summary .................................................................................................................. 165

5.5 TCP Echo Client: 'str_cli' Function .............................................................................. 171

5.6 Normal Startup .......................................................................................................... 172

5.7 Normal Termination ................................................................................................... 175

5.8 POSIX Signal Handling ................................................................................................ 177

5.9 Handling 'SIGCHLD' Signals ........................................................................................ 181

5.10 'wait' and 'waitpid' Functions .................................................................................. 184

5.11 Connection Abort before 'accept' Returns .............................................................. 189

5.12 Termination of Server Process ................................................................................. 191

5.13 'SIGPIPE' Signal......................................................................................................... 193

5.14 Crashing of Server Host ........................................................................................... 195

Addison Wesley : UNIX Network Programming Volume 1, Third Edition: The Sockets Networking API

5.16 Shutdown of Server Host ......................................................................................... 196

5.17 Summary of TCP Example ........................................................................................ 197

5.18 Data Format ............................................................................................................. 198

5.19 Summary .................................................................................................................. 202

Exercises .......................................................................................................................... 203

Chapter 6. I/O Multiplexing: The 'select' and 'poll' Functions ................................................. 204

6.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 205

6.2 I/O Models ................................................................................................................. 206

6.3 'select' Function ......................................................................................................... 212

6.4 'str_cli' Function (Revisited) ....................................................................................... 219

6.10 'poll' Function .......................................................................................................... 237

6.12 Summary .................................................................................................................. 243

Exercises .......................................................................................................................... 244

Chapter 7. Socket Options ....................................................................................................... 244

7.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 245

7.2 'getsockopt' and 'setsockopt' Functions .................................................................... 246

7.3 Checking if an Option Is Supported and Obtaining the Default ................................. 248

7.4 Socket States .............................................................................................................. 253

7.5 Generic Socket Options ............................................................................................. 254

7.6 IPv4 Socket Options ................................................................................................... 270

7.7 ICMPv6 Socket Option ............................................................................................... 272

Chapter 8. Elementary UDP Sockets ........................................................................................ 296

8.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 297

8.2 'recvfrom' and 'sendto' Functions ............................................................................. 298

8.3 UDP Echo Server: 'main' Function ............................................................................. 300

8.4 UDP Echo Server: 'dg_echo' Function ........................................................................ 301

8.5 UDP Echo Client: 'main' Function .............................................................................. 303

8.6 UDP Echo Client: 'dg_cli' Function ............................................................................. 304

8.7 Lost Datagrams .......................................................................................................... 305

8.8 Verifying Received Response ..................................................................................... 306

8.9 Server Not Running .................................................................................................... 309

Addison Wesley : UNIX Network Programming Volume 1, Third Edition: The Sockets Networking API

8.11 'connect' Function with UDP ................................................................................... 313

8.12 'dg_cli' Function (Revisited) ..................................................................................... 317

8.13 Lack of Flow Control with UDP ................................................................................ 318

8.14 Determining Outgoing Interface with UDP .............................................................. 323

8.15 TCP and UDP Echo Server Using 'select' .................................................................. 324

8.16 Summary .................................................................................................................. 327

Exercises .......................................................................................................................... 328

Chapter 9. Elementary SCTP Sockets ....................................................................................... 329

9.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 330

9.2 Interface Models ........................................................................................................ 331

9.8 'sctp_freeladdrs' Function ......................................................................................... 339

9.10 'sctp_recvmsg' Function .......................................................................................... 340

9.11 'sctp_opt_info' Function .......................................................................................... 341

9.12 'sctp_peeloff' Function ............................................................................................ 341

9.13 'shutdown' Function ................................................................................................ 342

9.14 Notifications............................................................................................................. 343

9.15 Summary .................................................................................................................. 351

Exercises .......................................................................................................................... 351

Chapter 10. SCTP Client/Server Example ................................................................................. 351

10.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 352

10.2 SCTP One-to-Many-Style Streaming Echo Server: 'main' Function ......................... 353

Exercises .......................................................................................................................... 370

Chapter 11. Name and Address Conversions .......................................................................... 371

11.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 372

11.2 Domain Name System (DNS) ................................................................................... 373

11.3 'gethostbyname' Function ....................................................................................... 377

11.4 'gethostbyaddr' Function ......................................................................................... 381

11.5 'getservbyname' and 'getservbyport' Functions...................................................... 382

11.6 'getaddrinfo' Function.............................................................................................. 387

11.7 'gai_strerror' Function ............................................................................................. 394

11.8 'freeaddrinfo' Function ............................................................................................ 395