gtk+-1.2.4.tar.gz

GTK v1.2 Tutorial Tony Gale <gale@gtk.org> Ian Main <imain@gtk.org>, February 21st, 1999 This is a tutorial on how to use GTK (the GIMP Toolkit) through its C interface. ______________________________________________________________________ Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Getting Started 2.1 Hello World in GTK 2.2 Compiling Hello World 2.3 Theory of Signals and Callbacks 2.4 Events 2.5 Stepping Through Hello World 3. Moving On 3.1 Data Types 3.2 More on Signal Handlers 3.3 An Upgraded Hello World 4. Packing Widgets 4.1 Theory of Packing Boxes 4.2 Details of Boxes 4.3 Packing Demonstration Program 4.4 Packing Using Tables 4.5 Table Packing Example 5. Widget Overview 5.1 Casting 5.2 Widget Hierarchy 5.3 Widgets Without Windows 6. The Button Widget 6.1 Normal Buttons 6.2 Toggle Buttons 6.3 Check Buttons 6.4 Radio Buttons 7. Adjustments 7.1 Creating an Adjustment 7.2 Using Adjustments the Easy Way 7.3 Adjustment Internals 8. Range Widgets 8.1 Scrollbar Widgets 8.2 Scale Widgets 8.2.1 Creating a Scale Widget 8.2.2 Functions and Signals (well, functions, at least) 8.3 Common Functions 8.3.1 Setting the Update Policy 8.3.2 Getting and Setting Adjustments 8.4 Key and Mouse bindings 8.4.1 Vertical Range Widgets 8.4.2 Horizontal Range Widgets 8.5 Example 9. Miscellaneous Widgets 9.1 Labels 9.2 Arrows 9.3 The Tooltips Widget 9.4 Progress Bars 9.5 Dialogs 9.6 Pixmaps 9.7 Rulers 9.8 Statusbars 9.9 Text Entries 9.10 Spin Buttons 9.11 Combo Box 9.12 Color Selection 9.13 File Selections 10. Container Widgets 10.1 The EventBox 10.2 The Alignment widget 10.3 Fixed Container 10.4 Layout Container 10.5 Frames 10.6 Aspect Frames 10.7 Paned Window Widgets 10.8 Viewports 10.9 Scrolled Windows 10.10 Button Boxes 10.11 Toolbar 10.12 Notebooks 11. CList Widget 11.1 Creating a GtkCList widget 11.2 Modes of operation 11.3 Working with titles 11.4 Manipulating the list itself 11.5 Adding rows to the list 11.6 Setting text and pixmaps in the cells 11.7 Storing data pointers 11.8 Working with selections 11.9 The signals that bring it together 11.10 A GtkCList example 12. Tree Widget 12.1 Creating a Tree 12.2 Adding a Subtree 12.3 Handling the Selection List 12.4 Tree Widget Internals 12.4.1 Signals 12.4.2 Functions and Macros 12.5 Tree Item Widget 12.5.1 Signals 12.5.2 Functions and Macros 12.6 Tree Example 13. Menu Widget 13.1 Manual Menu Creation 13.2 Manual Menu Example 13.3 Using GtkItemFactory 13.4 Item Factory Example 14. Text Widget 14.1 Creating and Configuring a Text box 14.2 Text Manipulation 14.3 Keyboard Shortcuts 14.3.1 Motion Shortcuts 14.3.2 Editing Shortcuts 14.3.3 Selection Shortcuts 14.4 A GtkText Example 15. Undocumented Widgets 15.1 Calendar 15.2 CTree 15.3 Curves 15.4 Drawing Area 15.5 Font Selection Dialog 15.6 Gamma Curve 15.7 Image 15.8 Packer 15.9 Plugs and Sockets 15.10 Preview 16. Setting Widget Attributes 17. Timeouts, IO and Idle Functions 17.1 Timeouts 17.2 Monitoring IO 17.3 Idle Functions 18. Advanced Event and Signal Handling 18.1 Signal Functions 18.1.1 Connecting and Disconnecting Signal Handlers 18.1.2 Blocking and Unblocking Signal Handlers 18.1.3 Emitting and Stopping Signals 18.2 Signal Emission and Propagation 19. Managing Selections 19.1 Overview 19.2 Retrieving the selection 19.3 Supplying the selection 20. glib 20.1 Definitions 20.2 Doubly Linked Lists 20.3 Singly Linked Lists 20.4 Memory Management 20.5 Timers 20.6 String Handling 20.7 Utility and Error Functions 21. GTK's rc Files 21.1 Functions For rc Files 21.2 GTK's rc File Format 21.3 Example rc file 22. Writing Your Own Widgets 22.1 Overview 22.2 The Anatomy Of A Widget 22.3 Creating a Composite widget 22.3.1 Introduction 22.3.2 Choosing a parent class 22.3.3 The header file 22.3.4 The 22.3.5 The 22.3.6 The 22.3.7 And the rest... 22.4 Creating a widget from scratch. 22.4.1 Introduction 22.4.2 Displaying a widget on the screen 22.4.3 The origins of the Dial Widget 22.4.4 The Basics 22.4.5 (TT 22.4.6 Size negotiation 22.4.7 (TT 22.4.8 Event handling 22.4.9 Possible Enhancements 22.5 Learning More 23. Scribble, A Simple Example Drawing Program 23.1 Overview 23.2 Event Handling 23.3 The DrawingArea Widget, And Drawing 23.4 Adding XInput support 23.4.1 Enabling extended device information 23.4.2 Using extended device information 23.4.3 Finding out more about a device 23.4.4 Further sophistications 24. Tips For Writing GTK Applications 25. Contributing 26. Credits 27. Tutorial Copyright and Permissions Notice 28. GTK Signals 28.1 GtkObject 28.2 GtkWidget 28.3 GtkData 28.4 GtkContainer 28.5 GtkCalendar 28.6 GtkEditable 28.7 GtkTipsQuery 28.8 GtkCList 28.9 GtkNotebook 28.10 GtkList 28.11 GtkMenuShell 28.12 GtkToolbar 28.13 GtkTree 28.14 GtkButton 28.15 GtkItem 28.16 GtkWindow 28.17 GtkHandleBox 28.18 GtkToggleButton 28.19 GtkMenuItem 28.20 GtkListItem 28.21 GtkTreeItem 28.22 GtkCheckMenuItem 28.23 GtkInputDialog 28.24 GtkColorSelection 28.25 GtkStatusBar 28.26 GtkCTree 28.27 GtkCurve 28.28 GtkAdjustment 29. GDK Event Types 30. Code Examples 30.1 Tictactoe 30.1.1 tictactoe.h 30.1.2 tictactoe.c 30.1.3 ttt_test.c 30.2 GtkDial 30.2.1 gtkdial.h 30.2.2 gtkdial.c 30.2.3 dial-test.c 30.3 Scribble 30.3.1 scribble-simple.c 30.3.2 scribble-xinput.c 31. List Widget 31.1 Signals 31.2 Functions 31.3 Example 31.4 List Item Widget 31.5 Signals 31.6 Functions 31.7 Example ______________________________________________________________________ 11.. IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn GTK (GIMP Toolkit) is a library for creating graphical user interfaces. It is licensed using the LGPL license, so you can develop open software, free software, or even commercial non-free software using GTK without having to spend anything for licenses or royalties. It's called the GIMP toolkit because it was originally written for developing the General Image Manipulation Program (GIMP), but GTK has now been used in a large number of software projects, including the GNU Network Object Model Environment (GNOME) project. GTK is built on top of GDK (GIMP Drawing Kit) which is basically a wrapper around the low-level functions for accessing the underlying windowing functions (Xlib in the case of X windows). The primary authors of GTK are: +o Peter Mattis petm@xcf.berkeley.edu +o Spencer Kimball spencer@xcf.berkeley.edu +o Josh MacDonald jmacd@xcf.berkeley.edu GTK is essentially an object oriented application programmers interface (API). Although written completely in C, it is implemented using the idea of classes and callback functions (pointers to functions). There is also a third component called glib which contains a few replacements for some standard calls, as well as some addition