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Video for Linux Two API Specification

Revision 2.6.32

Michael H Schimek

<mschimek@gmx.at>

Bill Dirks

Original author of the V4L2 API and documentation.

Hans Verkuil

Designed and documented the VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS ioctl, the extended control ioctls and major parts of the sliced VBI API.

<hverkuil@xs4all.nl>

Martin Rubli

Designed and documented the VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES and VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS ioctls.

Andy Walls

Documented the fielded V4L2_MPEG_STREAM_VBI_FMT_IVTV MPEG stream embedded, sliced VBI data format in this specification.

<awalls@radix.net>

Mauro Carvalho Chehab

Documented libv4l, designed and added v4l2grab example, Remote Controller chapter

<mchehab@redhat.com>

Carvalho Chehab

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version

published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in

the appendix entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".

Programming examples can be used and distributed without restrictions.

Revision History

Revision 2.6.32 2009-08-31 mcc

Now, revisions will match the kernel version where the V4L2 API changes will be used by the Linux Kernel. Also added Remote Controller chapter.

Revision 0.29 2009-08-26 ev

Added documentation for string controls and for FM Transmitter controls.

Revision 0.28 2009-08-26 gl

Added V4L2_CID_BAND_STOP_FILTER documentation.

Revision 0.27 2009-08-15 mcc

Added libv4l and Remote Controller documentation; added v4l2grab and keytable application examples.

Revision 0.26 2009-07-23 hv

Finalized the RDS capture API. Added modulator and RDS encoder capabilities. Added support for string controls.

Revision 0.25 2009-01-18 hv

Added pixel formats VYUY, NV16 and NV61, and changed the debug ioctls VIDIOC_DBG_G/S_REGISTER and VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT. Added camera

controls V4L2_CID_ZOOM_ABSOLUTE, V4L2_CID_ZOOM_RELATIVE, V4L2_CID_ZOOM_CONTINUOUS and V4L2_CID_PRIVACY.

Revision 0.24 2008-03-04 mhs

Added pixel formats Y16 and SBGGR16, new controls and a camera controls class. Removed VIDIOC_G/S_MPEGCOMP.

Revision 0.23 2007-08-30 mhs

Fixed a typo in VIDIOC_DBG_G/S_REGISTER. Clarified the byte order of packed pixel formats.

Revision 0.22 2007-08-29 mhs

Added the Video Output Overlay interface, new MPEG controls, V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB and V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT,

VIDIOC_DBG_G/S_REGISTER, VIDIOC_(TRY_)ENCODER_CMD, VIDIOC_G_CHIP_IDENT, VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX, new pixel formats. Clarifications in

the cropping chapter, about RGB pixel formats, the mmap(), poll(), select(), read() and write() functions. Typographical fixes.

Revision 0.21 2006-12-19 mhs

Fixed a link in the VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS section.

Revision 0.20 2006-11-24 mhs

Clarified the purpose of the audioset field in struct v4l2_input and v4l2_output.

Revision 0.19 2006-10-19 mhs

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Table of Contents

Introduction

1. Common API Elements

1.1. Opening and Closing Devices

1.1.1. Device Naming

1.1.2. Related Devices

1.1.3. Multiple Opens

1.1.4. Shared Data Streams

1.1.5. Functions

1.2. Querying Capabilities

1.3. Application Priority

1.4. Video Inputs and Outputs

1.5. Audio Inputs and Outputs

1.6. Tuners and Modulators

1.6.1. Tuners

1.6.2. Modulators

1.6.3. Radio Frequency

1.6.4. Satellite Receivers

1.7. Video Standards

1.8. User Controls

1.9. Extended Controls

1.9.1. Introduction

1.9.2. The Extended Control API

1.9.3. Enumerating Extended Controls

1.9.4. Creating Control Panels

1.9.5. MPEG Control Reference

1.9.5.1. Generic MPEG Controls

1.9.5.2. CX2341x MPEG Controls

1.9.6. Camera Control Reference

1.9.7. FM Transmitter Control Reference

1.10. Data Formats

1.10.1. Data Format Negotiation

1.10.2. Image Format Enumeration

1.11. Image Cropping, Insertion and Scaling

1.11.1. Cropping Structures

1.11.2. Scaling Adjustments

1.11.3. Examples

Documented V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444.

Revision 0.18 2006-10-18 mhs

Added the description of extended controls by Hans Verkuil. Linked V4L2_PIX_FMT_MPEG to V4L2_CID_MPEG_STREAM_TYPE.

Revision 0.17 2006-10-12 mhs

Corrected V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12 description.

Revision 0.16 2006-10-08 mhs

VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES and VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS are now part of the API.

Revision 0.15 2006-09-23 mhs

Cleaned up the bibliography, added BT.653 and BT.1119. capture.c/start_capturing() for user pointer I/O did not initialize the buffer index. Documented the V4L

MPEG and MJPEG VID_TYPEs and V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8. Updated the list of reserved pixel formats. See the history chapter for API changes.

Revision 0.14 2006-09-14 mr

Added VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES and VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS proposal for frame format enumeration of digital devices.

Revision 0.13 2006-04-07 mhs

Corrected the description of struct v4l2_window clips. New V4L2_STD_ and V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1_LANG2 defines.

Revision 0.12 2006-02-03 mhs

Corrected the description of struct v4l2_captureparm and v4l2_outputparm.

Revision 0.11 2006-01-27 mhs

Improved the description of struct v4l2_tuner.

Revision 0.10 2006-01-10 mhs

VIDIOC_G_INPUT and VIDIOC_S_PARM clarifications.

Revision 0.9 2005-11-27 mhs

Improved the 525 line numbering diagram. Hans Verkuil and I rewrote the sliced VBI section. He also contributed a VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS page. Fixed

VIDIOC_S_STD call in the video standard selection example. Various updates.

Revision 0.8 2004-10-04 mhs

Somehow a piece of junk slipped into the capture example, removed.

Revision 0.7 2004-09-19 mhs

Fixed video standard selection, control enumeration, downscaling and aspect example. Added read and user pointer i/o to video capture example.

Revision 0.6 2004-08-01 mhs

v4l2_buffer changes, added video capture example, various corrections.

Revision 0.5 2003-11-05 mhs

Pixel format erratum.

Revision 0.4 2003-09-17 mhs

Corrected source and Makefile to generate a PDF. SGML fixes. Added latest API changes. Closed gaps in the history chapter.

Revision 0.3 2003-02-05 mhs

Another draft, more corrections.

Revision 0.2 2003-01-15 mhs

Second draft, with corrections pointed out by Gerd Knorr.

Revision 0.1 2002-12-01 mhs

First draft, based on documentation by Bill Dirks and discussions on the V4L mailing list.

第

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1.12. Streaming Parameters

2. Image Formats

2.1. Standard Image Formats

2.2. Colorspaces

2.3. Indexed Format

2.4. RGB Formats

2.5. YUV Formats

2.6. Compressed Formats

2.7. Reserved Format Identifiers

3. Input/Output

3.1. Read/Write

3.2. Streaming I/O (Memory Mapping)

3.3. Streaming I/O (User Pointers)

3.4. Asynchronous I/O

3.5. Buffers

3.5.1. Timecodes

3.6. Field Order

4. Interfaces

4.1. Video Capture Interface

4.1.1. Querying Capabilities

4.1.2. Supplemental Functions

4.1.3. Image Format Negotiation

4.1.4. Reading Images

4.2. Video Overlay Interface

4.2.1. Querying Capabilities

4.2.2. Supplemental Functions

4.2.3. Setup

4.2.4. Overlay Window

4.2.5. Enabling Overlay

4.3. Video Output Interface

4.3.1. Querying Capabilities

4.3.2. Supplemental Functions

4.3.3. Image Format Negotiation

4.3.4. Writing Images

4.4. Video Output Overlay Interface

4.4.1. Querying Capabilities

4.4.2. Framebuffer

4.4.3. Overlay Window and Scaling

4.4.4. Enabling Overlay

4.5. Codec Interface

4.6. Effect Devices Interface

4.7. Raw VBI Data Interface

4.7.1. Querying Capabilities

4.7.2. Supplemental Functions

4.7.3. Raw VBI Format Negotiation

4.7.4. Reading and writing VBI images

4.8. Sliced VBI Data Interface

4.8.1. Querying Capabilities

4.8.2. Supplemental Functions

4.8.3. Sliced VBI Format Negotiation

4.8.4. Reading and writing sliced VBI data

4.8.5. Sliced VBI Data in MPEG Streams

4.8.5.1. MPEG Stream Embedded, Sliced VBI Data Format: NONE

4.8.5.2. MPEG Stream Embedded, Sliced VBI Data Format: IVTV

4.9. Teletext Interface

4.10. Radio Interface

4.10.1. Querying Capabilities

4.10.2. Supplemental Functions

4.10.3. Programming

4.11. RDS Interface

4.11.1. Querying Capabilities

4.11.2. Reading RDS data

I. Function Reference

V4L2 close() — Close a V4L2 device

V4L2 ioctl() — Program a V4L2 device

ioctl VIDIOC_CROPCAP — Information about the video cropping and scaling abilities

ioctl VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT — Identify the chips on a TV card

ioctl VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER, VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER — Read or write hardware registers

ioctl VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD, VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD — Execute an encoder command

ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO — Enumerate audio inputs

ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT — Enumerate audio outputs

ioctl VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT — Enumerate image formats

ioctl VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES — Enumerate frame sizes

ioctl VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS — Enumerate frame intervals

ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT — Enumerate video inputs

ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMOUTPUT — Enumerate video outputs

ioctl VIDIOC_ENUMSTD — Enumerate supported video standards

ioctl VIDIOC_G_AUDIO, VIDIOC_S_AUDIO — Query or select the current audio input and its attributes

ioctl VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT, VIDIOC_S_AUDOUT — Query or select the current audio output

ioctl VIDIOC_G_CROP, VIDIOC_S_CROP — Get or set the current cropping rectangle

ioctl VIDIOC_G_CTRL, VIDIOC_S_CTRL — Get or set the value of a control

ioctl VIDIOC_G_ENC_INDEX — Get meta data about a compressed video stream

ioctl VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS, VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS, VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS — Get or set the value of several controls, try control values

ioctl VIDIOC_G_FBUF, VIDIOC_S_FBUF — Get or set frame buffer overlay parameters

ioctl VIDIOC_G_FMT, VIDIOC_S_FMT, VIDIOC_TRY_FMT — Get or set the data format, try a format

ioctl VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY, VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY — Get or set tuner or modulator radio frequency

ioctl VIDIOC_G_INPUT, VIDIOC_S_INPUT — Query or select the current video input

ioctl VIDIOC_G_JPEGCOMP, VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP

ioctl VIDIOC_G_MODULATOR, VIDIOC_S_MODULATOR — Get or set modulator attributes

ioctl VIDIOC_G_OUTPUT, VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT — Query or select the current video output

ioctl VIDIOC_G_PARM, VIDIOC_S_PARM — Get or set streaming parameters

ioctl VIDIOC_G_PRIORITY, VIDIOC_S_PRIORITY — Query or request the access priority associated with a file descriptor

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ioctl VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP

—

Query sliced VBI capabilities

ioctl VIDIOC_G_STD, VIDIOC_S_STD — Query or select the video standard of the current input

ioctl VIDIOC_G_TUNER, VIDIOC_S_TUNER — Get or set tuner attributes

ioctl VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS — Log driver status information

ioctl VIDIOC_OVERLAY — Start or stop video overlay

ioctl VIDIOC_QBUF, VIDIOC_DQBUF — Exchange a buffer with the driver

ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYBUF — Query the status of a buffer

ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYCAP — Query device capabilities

ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL, VIDIOC_QUERYMENU — Enumerate controls and menu control items

ioctl VIDIOC_QUERYSTD — Sense the video standard received by the current input

ioctl VIDIOC_REQBUFS — Initiate Memory Mapping or User Pointer I/O

ioctl VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK — Perform a hardware frequency seek

ioctl VIDIOC_STREAMON, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF — Start or stop streaming I/O

V4L2 mmap() — Map device memory into application address space

V4L2 munmap() — Unmap device memory

V4L2 open() — Open a V4L2 device

V4L2 poll() — Wait for some event on a file descriptor

V4L2 read() — Read from a V4L2 device

V4L2 select() — Synchronous I/O multiplexing

V4L2 write() — Write to a V4L2 device

5. V4L2 Driver Programming

6. Libv4l Userspace Library

6.1. Introduction

6.1.1. libv4lconvert

6.1.2. libv4l1

6.1.3. libv4l2

6.1.3.1. Libv4l device control functions

6.1.4. v4l1compat.so wrapper library

7. Remote Controllers

7.1. Introduction

7.2. Changing default Remote Controller mappings

8. Changes

8.1. Differences between V4L and V4L2

8.1.1. Opening and Closing Devices

8.1.2. Querying Capabilities

8.1.3. Video Sources

8.1.4. Tuning

8.1.5. Image Properties

8.1.6. Audio

8.1.7. Frame Buffer Overlay

8.1.8. Cropping

8.1.9. Reading Images, Memory Mapping

8.1.9.1. Capturing using the read method

8.1.9.2. Capturing using memory mapping

8.1.10. Reading Raw VBI Data

8.1.11. Miscellaneous

8.2. Changes of the V4L2 API

8.2.1. Early Versions

8.2.2. V4L2 Version 0.16 1999-01-31

8.2.3. V4L2 Version 0.18 1999-03-16

8.2.4. V4L2 Version 0.19 1999-06-05

8.2.5. V4L2 Version 0.20 (1999-09-10)

8.2.6. V4L2 Version 0.20 incremental changes

8.2.7. V4L2 Version 0.20 2000-11-23

8.2.8. V4L2 Version 0.20 2002-07-25

8.2.9. V4L2 in Linux 2.5.46, 2002-10

8.2.10. V4L2 2003-06-19

8.2.11. V4L2 2003-11-05

8.2.12. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.6, 2004-05-09

8.2.13. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.8

8.2.14. V4L2 spec erratum 2004-08-01

8.2.15. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.14

8.2.16. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.15

8.2.17. V4L2 spec erratum 2005-11-27

8.2.18. V4L2 spec erratum 2006-01-10

8.2.19. V4L2 spec erratum 2006-02-03

8.2.20. V4L2 spec erratum 2006-02-04

8.2.21. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.17

8.2.22. V4L2 spec erratum 2006-09-23 (Draft 0.15)

8.2.23. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.18

8.2.24. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.19

8.2.25. V4L2 spec erratum 2006-10-12 (Draft 0.17)

8.2.26. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.21

8.2.27. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.22

8.2.28. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.24

8.2.29. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.25

8.2.30. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.26

8.2.31. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.27

8.2.32. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.28

8.2.33. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.29

8.2.34. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.30

8.2.35. V4L2 in Linux 2.6.32

8.3. Relation of V4L2 to other Linux multimedia APIs

8.3.1. X Video Extension

8.3.2. Digital Video

8.3.3. Audio Interfaces

8.4. Experimental API Elements

8.5. Obsolete API Elements

A. Video For Linux Two Header File

B. Video Capture Example

C. Video Grabber example using libv4l

D. GNU Free Documentation License

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D.1. 0. PREAMBLE

D.2. 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

D.3. 2. VERBATIM COPYING

D.4. 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY

D.5. 4. MODIFICATIONS

D.6. 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

D.7. 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

D.8. 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

D.9. 8. TRANSLATION

D.10. 9. TERMINATION

D.11. 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

D.12. Addendum

List of Types

References

List of Figures

1.1. Image Cropping, Insertion and Scaling

3.1. Field Order, Top Field First Transmitted

3.2. Field Order, Bottom Field First Transmitted

4.1. Line synchronization

4.2. ITU-R 525 line numbering (M/NTSC and M/PAL)

4.3. ITU-R 625 line numbering

List of Tables

1.1. Control IDs

1.2. MPEG Control IDs

1.3. CX2341x Control IDs

1.4. Camera Control IDs

1.5. FM_TX Control IDs

2.1. struct v4l2_pix_format

2.2. enum v4l2_colorspace

2.3. Indexed Image Format

2.4. Packed RGB Image Formats

2.5. Packed RGB Image Formats (corrected)

2.6. Packed YUV Image Formats

2.7. Compressed Image Formats

2.8. Reserved Image Formats

3.1. struct v4l2_buffer

3.2. enum v4l2_buf_type

3.3. Buffer Flags

3.4. enum v4l2_memory

3.5. struct v4l2_timecode

3.6. Timecode Types

3.7. Timecode Flags

3.8. enum v4l2_field

4.1. struct v4l2_window

4.2. struct v4l2_clip

4.3. struct v4l2_rect

4.4. struct v4l2_vbi_format

4.5. Raw VBI Format Flags

4.6. struct v4l2_sliced_vbi_format

4.7. Sliced VBI services

4.8. struct v4l2_sliced_vbi_data

4.9. struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv

4.10. Magic Constants for struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv magic field

4.11. struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0

4.12. struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0

4.13. struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line

4.14. Line Identifiers for struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line id field

4.15. struct v4l2_rds_data

4.16. Block description

4.17. Block defines

39. struct v4l2_cropcap

40. struct v4l2_rect

41. struct v4l2_dbg_match

42. struct v4l2_dbg_chip_ident

43. Chip Match Types

44. Chip Identifiers

45. struct v4l2_dbg_match

46. struct v4l2_dbg_register

47. Chip Match Types

48. struct v4l2_encoder_cmd

49. Encoder Commands

50. Encoder Command Flags

51. struct v4l2_fmtdesc

52. Image Format Description Flags

53. struct v4l2_frmsize_discrete

54. struct v4l2_frmsize_stepwise

55. struct v4l2_frmsizeenum

56. enum v4l2_frmsizetypes

57. struct v4l2_frmival_stepwise

58. struct v4l2_frmivalenum

59. enum v4l2_frmivaltypes

60. struct v4l2_input

61. Input Types

62. Input Status Flags

63. struct v4l2_output

64. Output Type

65.

struct

v4l2_standard

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yuyin86

2015-01-18

不错，但是旧了点
wonler

2013-05-12

看中文本的有些翻譯的還不是很詳細，需要英文來參照一下，謝謝分享
Tsubasa8610

2012-12-06

不错，文档挺详细的
rancher.tian

2013-09-22

不错，很方便，不过不是官网上最新的版本
tanweinan281

2017-02-25

很好的资源

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