【免费】SpringFrameworkTesting读书笔记资源-CSDN文库

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Unit Testing

一、Mock Objects

Environment

The org.springframework.mock.env package contains mock implementations of the

Environment and PropertySource abstractions

MockEnvironment and MockPropertySource are useful for developing out-of-container tests for code that

depends on environment-specific properties.

JNDI

The org.springframework.mock.jndi package contains a partial implementation of the JNDI

SPI, which you can use to set up a simple JNDI environment for test suites or stand-alone

applications.

If, for example, JDBC DataSource instances get bound to the same JNDI names in test code

as they do in a Java EE container, you can reuse both application code and configuration in

testing scenarios without modification.

.The mock JNDI support in the org.springframework.mock.jndi package is officially deprecated as of Spring

Framework 5.2 in favor of complete solutions from third parties such as .Simple-JNDI

Servlet API

The org.springframework.mock.web package contains a comprehensive set of Servlet API

mock objects that are useful for testing web contexts, controllers, and filters.

These mock objects are targeted at usage with Spring’s Web MVC framework and are

generally more convenient to use than dynamic mock objects (such as ) or

alternative Servlet API mock objects (such as ).

EasyMock

MockObjects

Since Spring Framework 5.0, the mock objects in org.springframework.mock.web are based on the Servlet

4.0 API.

The Spring MVC Test framework builds on the mock Servlet API objects to provide an integration testing

framework for Spring MVC.

Spring Web Reactive

The org.springframework.mock.http.server.reactive package contains mock implementations

of ServerHttpRequest and ServerHttpResponse for use in WebFlux applications.

The org.springframework.mock.web.server package contains a mock ServerWebExchange

that depends on those mock request and response objects.

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Both MockServerHttpRequest and MockServerHttpResponse extend from the same abstract base classes

as server-specific implementations and share behavior with them.

For example, a mock request is immutable once created, but you can use the mutate() method from

ServerHttpRequest to create a modified instance.

In order for the mock response to properly implement the write contract and return a write completion

handle (that is, Mono<Void>),

it by default uses a Flux with cache().then(), which buffers the data and makes it available for

assertions in tests.

Applications can set a custom write function (for example, to test an infinite stream).

WebTestClient

The WebTestClient builds on the mock request and response to provide support for testing WebFlux

applications without an HTTP server.

The client can also be used for end-to-end tests with a running server.

二、Unit Testing Support Classes

General Testing Utilities

The org.springframework.test.util package contains several general purpose utilities for use in

unit and integration testing.

ReflectionTestUtils

ReflectionTestUtils is a collection of reflection-based utility methods.

You can use these methods in testing scenarios where you need to change the value of a

constant, set a non-public field, invoke a non-public setter method, or invoke a non-public

configuration or lifecycle callback method when testing application code for use cases such as the

following:

ORM frameworks (such as JPA and Hibernate) that condone private or protected field access

asopposed to public setter methods for properties in a domain entity.

Spring’s support for annotations (such as @Autowired, @Inject, and @Resource), that

provide dependency injection for private or protected fields, setter methods, and

configurationmethods.

Use of annotations such as @PostConstruct and @PreDestroy for lifecycle callback methods.

AopTestUtils and AopProxyUtils

AopTestUtils is a collection of AOP-related utility methods.

You can use these methods to obtain a reference to the underlying target object hidden behind

one or more Spring proxies.

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