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><A
NAME="CONTRIBUTED-SCRIPTS"
></A
>Appendix A. Contributed Scripts</H1
><P
>These scripts, while not fitting into the text of this document, do
illustrate some interesting shell programming techniques. They are useful,
too. Have fun analyzing and running them.</P
><DIV
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><A
NAME="MAILFORMAT"
></A
><P
><B
>Example A-1. <I
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
>mailformat</I
>: Formatting an e-mail
message</B
></P
><TABLE
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><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>#!/bin/bash
# mail-format.sh (ver. 1.1): Format e-mail messages.
# Gets rid of carets, tabs, and also folds excessively long lines.
# =================================================================
# Standard Check for Script Argument(s)
ARGS=1
E_BADARGS=65
E_NOFILE=66
if [ $# -ne $ARGS ] # Correct number of arguments passed to script?
then
echo "Usage: `basename $0` filename"
exit $E_BADARGS
fi
if [ -f "$1" ] # Check if file exists.
then
file_name=$1
else
echo "File \"$1\" does not exist."
exit $E_NOFILE
fi
# =================================================================
MAXWIDTH=70 # Width to fold excessively long lines to.
# ---------------------------------
# A variable can hold a sed script.
sedscript='s/^>//
s/^ *>//
s/^ *//
s/ *//'
# ---------------------------------
# Delete carets and tabs at beginning of lines,
#+ then fold lines to $MAXWIDTH characters.
sed "$sedscript" $1 | fold -s --width=$MAXWIDTH
# -s option to "fold"
#+ breaks lines at whitespace, if possible.
# This script was inspired by an article in a well-known trade journal
#+ extolling a 164K MS Windows utility with similar functionality.
#
# An nice set of text processing utilities and an efficient
#+ scripting language provide an alternative to bloated executables.
exit</PRE
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></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><A
NAME="RN"
></A
><P
><B
>Example A-2. <I
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
>rn</I
>: A simple-minded file renaming
utility</B
></P
><P
>This script is a modification of <A
HREF="textproc.html#LOWERCASE"
>Example 16-22</A
>.</P
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><FONT
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><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>#! /bin/bash
# rn.sh
# Very simpleminded filename "rename" utility (based on "lowercase.sh").
#
# The "ren" utility, by Vladimir Lanin (lanin@csd2.nyu.edu),
#+ does a much better job of this.
ARGS=2
E_BADARGS=85
ONE=1 # For getting singular/plural right (see below).
if [ $# -ne "$ARGS" ]
then
echo "Usage: `basename $0` old-pattern new-pattern"
# As in "rn gif jpg", which renames all gif files in working directory to jpg.
exit $E_BADARGS
fi
number=0 # Keeps track of how many files actually renamed.
for filename in *$1* #Traverse all matching files in directory.
do
if [ -f "$filename" ] # If finds match...
then
fname=`basename $filename` # Strip off path.
n=`echo $fname | sed -e "s/$1/$2/"` # Substitute new for old in filename.
mv $fname $n # Rename.
let "number += 1"
fi
done
if [ "$number" -eq "$ONE" ] # For correct grammar.
then
echo "$number file renamed."
else
echo "$number files renamed."
fi
exit $?
# Exercises:
# ---------
# What types of files will this not work on?
# How can this be fixed?</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><A
NAME="BLANKRENAME"
></A
><P
><B
>Example A-3. <I
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
>blank-rename</I
>: Renames filenames containing
blanks</B
></P
><P
>This is an even simpler-minded version of previous script.</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>#! /bin/bash
# blank-rename.sh
#
# Substitutes underscores for blanks in all the filenames in a directory.
ONE=1 # For getting singular/plural right (see below).
number=0 # Keeps track of how many files actually renamed.
FOUND=0 # Successful return value.
for filename in * #Traverse all files in directory.
do
echo "$filename" | grep -q " " # Check whether filename
if [ $? -eq $FOUND ] #+ contains space(s).
then
fname=$filename # Yes, this filename needs work.
n=`echo $fname | sed -e "s/ /_/g"` # Substitute underscore for blank.
mv "$fname" "$n" # Do the actual renaming.
let "number += 1"
fi
done
if [ "$number" -eq "$ONE" ] # For correct grammar.
then
echo "$number file renamed."
else
echo "$number files renamed."
fi
exit 0</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><A
NAME="ENCRYPTEDPW"
></A
><P
><B
>Example A-4. <I
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
>encryptedpw</I
>: Uploading to an ftp site,
using a locally encrypted password</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>#!/bin/bash
# Example "ex72.sh" modified to use encrypted password.
# Note that this is still rather insecure,
#+ since the decrypted password is sent in the clear.
# Use something like "ssh" if this is a concern.
E_BADARGS=85
if [ -z "$1" ]
then
echo "Usage: `basename $0` filename"
exit $E_BADARGS
fi
Username=bozo # Change to suit.
pword=/home/bozo/secret/password_encrypted.file
# File containing encrypted password.
Filename=`basename $1` # Strips pathname out of file name.
Server="XXX"
Directory="YYY" # Change above to actual server name & directory.
Password=`cruft <$pword` # Decrypt password.
# Uses the author's own "cruft" file encryption package,
#+ based on the classic "onetime pad" algorithm,
#+ and obtainable from:
#+ Primary-site: ftp://ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/utils/file
#+ cruft-0.2.tar.gz [16k]
ftp -n $Server <<End-Of-Session
user $Username $Password
binary
bell
cd $Directory
put $Filename
bye
End-Of-Session
# -n option to "ftp" disables auto-logon.
# Note that "bell" rings 'bell' after each file transfer.
exit 0</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><A
NAME="COPYCD"
></A
><P
><B
>Example A-5. <I
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
>copy-cd</I
>: Copying a data CD</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>#!/bin/bash
# copy-cd.sh: copying a data CD
CDROM=/dev/cdrom # CD ROM device
OF=/home/bozo/projects/cdimage.iso # output file
# /xxxx/xxxxxxxx/ Change to suit your system.
BLOCKSIZE=2048
# SPEED=10 # If unspecified, uses max spd.
# DEVICE=/dev/cdrom older version.
DEVICE="1,0,0"
ech
shell abs英文版 （139个子文件） 
contributed-scripts.html 359KB xrefindex.html 131KB system.html 120KB internal.html 85KB special-chars.html 85KB filearchiv.html 68KB textproc.html 68KB internalvariables.html 57KB arrays.html 54KB index.html 49KB extmisc.html 44KB communications.html 40KB writingscripts.html 39KB assortedtips.html 34KB loops1.html 32KB biblio.html 32KB bashver4.html 32KB refcards.html 31KB colorizing.html 30KB moreadv.html 29KB sample-bashrc.html 28KB part4.html 27KB parameter-substitution.html 27KB here-docs.html 27KB string-manipulation.html 26KB randomvar.html 25KB basic.html 25KB debugging.html 25KB mathc.html 24KB gotchas.html 23KB complexfunct.html 23KB x16900.html 21KB testconstructs.html 21KB ops.html 20KB x9529.html 20KB commandsub.html 19KB dosbatch.html 19KB othertypesv.html 17KB sha-bang.html 17KB timedate.html 17KB comparison-ops.html 16KB escapingsection.html 16KB x22771.html 16KB testbranch.html 15KB revisionhistory.html 15KB procref1.html 14KB subshells.html 14KB io-redirection.html 14KB wrapper.html 13KB process-sub.html 13KB localvar.html 13KB fto.html 13KB why-shell.html 13KB devref1.html 13KB opprecedence.html 13KB options.html 12KB zeros.html 11KB bashver3.html 11KB varsubn.html 11KB tabexpansion.html 11KB declareref.html 11KB redircb.html 11KB list-cons.html 11KB functions.html 10KB ivr.html 10KB loopcontrol.html 10KB localization.html 10KB quotingvar.html 10KB credits.html 10KB exit-status.html 9KB copyright.html 9KB unofficialst.html 9KB bashver2.html 9KB awk.html 9KB x17731.html 9KB exitcodes.html 9KB globbingref.html 8KB ioredirintro.html 8KB x17601.html 8KB recursionsct.html 7KB portabilityissues.html 7KB aliases.html 7KB recurnolocvar.html 7KB networkprogramming.html 7KB systemdirs.html 7KB terminalccmds.html 7KB intandnonint.html 7KB files.html 6KB scriptanalysis.html 6KB sysscripts.html 6KB quoting.html 6KB securityissues.html 6KB invoking.html 5KB standard-options.html 5KB part5.html 5KB varassignment.html 5KB aboutauthor.html 5KB untyped.html 5KB optimizations.html 5KB arithexp.html 5KB共 139 条
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